different between tarnish vs patina

English

Etymology

From Middle English ternysshen, a borrowing from Old French terniss-, stem of ternir (“to make dim, make wan”), borrowed from Frankish *darnijan (“to conceal”). Doublet of dern and darn.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?t??n??/

Noun

tarnish (usually uncountable, plural tarnishes)

1. Oxidation or discoloration, especially of a decorative metal exposed to air.
   • 1918, Hannah Teresa Rowley, Mrs. Helen Louise (Wales) Farrell, Principles of Chemistry Applied to the Household

     Precipitated calcium carbonate, a very fine powdery form, is used as a basis for many tooth powders and pastes. As whiting it finds a wide use in cleaning metals of their tarnishes.

Translations

Verb

tarnish (third-person singular simple present tarnishes, present participle tarnishing, simple past and past participle tarnished)

1. (intransitive) To oxidize or discolor due to oxidation.

2. (transitive) To compromise, damage, soil, or sully.

3. (intransitive, figuratively) To lose its lustre or attraction; to become dull.

Translations

Anagrams

• Hartins, rantish

English

Etymology

Borrowed from French patine (“patina”), from Latin patina (“dish, pan”), itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek ?????? (patán?), either from Proto-Indo-European *peth?- (“to spread”) or from Pre-Greek.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?pæt?n?/
• (US) IPA^(key): /p??ti?.n?/, /?pæ.t?.n?/
• Rhymes: -i?n?

Noun

patina (countable and uncountable, plural patinas or patinae)

1. (originally) A paten, flat type of dish.
2. The colour or incrustation which age and wear give to (mainly metallic) objects; especially, the green rust which covers works of art such as ancient bronzes, coins and medals.
3. A green colour, tinted with grey, like that of bronze patina.

4. (figuratively) A gloss or superficial layer.

Hyponyms

• (colour or incrustation which age and wear give to objects): verdigris

Derived terms

• patinaed

Related terms

• patella

Translations

Adjective

patina (not comparable)

1. Of a green colour, tinted with grey, like that of bronze patina.

Derived terms

• patinate, to coat with a patina

See also

• Appendix:Colors
• verdigris

Anagrams

• Aptian, pinata, piñata, tai-pan, taipan

Danish

Etymology

From Italian patina, itself from Latin patina 'dish, pan'.

Noun

patina c (singular definite patinaen, not used in plural form)

1. patina

Declension

Derived terms

• patinere

Further reading

• “patina” in Den Danske Ordbog
• “patina” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

Dutch

Etymology

From Italian patina, itself from Latin patina 'dish, pan'.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: pa?ti?na

Noun

patina n (uncountable)

1. The color or incrustation which age gives to works of art; especially, the green oxidation which covers aging coppers, bronzes, coins and medals.

Derived terms

• patineren, to apply this color or a similar 'aged' effect.

Estonian

Noun

patina

1. essive singular of patt

Finnish

Noun

patina

1. patina (color or incrustation)

Declension

Anagrams

• Tapani, apinat, ipanat, painat, patani, pintaa, tapain, tapani

French

Verb

patina

1. third-person singular past historic of patiner

Anagrams

• panait

Italian

Etymology

From Latin patina (“shallow”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?pa.ti.na/
• Hyphenation: pa?ti?na

Noun

patina f (plural patine)

1. A patina (of age).
2. A coat, film, glaze, size, patina.

Related terms

• patinare (verb)
• patinoso (adjective)

Descendants

Verb

patina

1. third-person singular present indicative of patinare
2. second-person singular imperative of patinare

Anagrams

• panati, pianta, tapina

Latin

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ?????? (patán?). This must be an early borrowing, because it displays vowel reduction of a to i.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?pa.ti.na/, [?pät??nä]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?pa.ti.na/, [?p??t?in?]

Noun

patina f (genitive patinae); first declension

1. A broad, shallow dish, a pan, stewpan.
2. A kind of cake.
3. A crib, manger.

Declension

First-declension noun.

Descendants

• Occitan: padeau
• Galician: padia
• Medieval Latin: patena
  • Italian: patena
  • Old French: patene
    • French: patène
    • ? Middle English: paten, patene
      • English: paten
      • Scots: patene, patin
  • Catalan: patena
  • Portuguese: pátena
  • Spanish: patena
  • ? Czech: patena
  • ? Dutch: pateen
  • ? Middle High German: paten, patene
    • German: Patene
  • ?? Middle High German: pfette
    • German: Pfette
  • ? Polish: patena
  • ? Swedish: paten
    • ? Finnish: pateeni
• ?? Medieval Latin: panna
  • >? French: panne
  • ?? Germanic: *pann? (see there for further descendants)
  • Vulgar Latin: *pannella
    • Portuguese: panela
    • Spanish: panela
  • ? Welsh: pan
• ? German: Patine
• ? Italian: patina (see there for further descendants)

References

• patina in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• patina in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• patina in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• patina in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• patina in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• patina in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Portuguese

Verb

patina

1. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) present indicative of patinar
2. second-person singular (tu, sometimes used with você) affirmative imperative of patinar

Romanian

Etymology

From French patiner.

Verb

a patina (third-person singular present patineaz?, past participle patinat) 1st conj.

1. to skate

Conjugation

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Italian patina, from Latin patina (“dish, pan”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pâtina/
• Hyphenation: pa?ti?na

Noun

p?tina f (Cyrillic spelling ???????)

1. patina (color or incrustation)
2. layer of sediments (usually on a façade or monuments)
3. (regional) shoe polish
4. A type of wine.

Declension

Spanish

Verb

patina

1. Informal second-person singular (tú) affirmative imperative form of patinar.
2. Formal second-person singular (usted) present indicative form of patinar.
3. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present indicative form of patinar.