different between vestige vs patina

English

Etymology

From French vestige, from Latin vest?gium (“footstep, footprint, track, the sole of the foot, a trace, mark”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?v?.st?d??/

Noun

vestige (plural vestiges)

1. The mark of the foot left on the earth.

   Synonyms: trace, sign, track, footstep

2. (by extension) A faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost, or has perished, or is no longer present.

   Synonym: remains
3. (biology) A vestigial organ; a non-functional organ or body part that was once functional in an evolutionary ancestor.
   • 1904 Transactions of the […] annual session, Volume 40, Homeopathic Medical Society of the State of Pennsylvania, p160

     Any person seeing such a condition could not help being frightened at the conditions found, and it seems to me that that fact should lead us to think that the appendix is a vestige or becoming so.

   • 1932 John Arthur Thomson, Riddles of science, Ayer Publishing, p824

     Now this paired organ of Jacobsen began in reptiles and is well developed in many mammals. But in man it is a vestige, often disappearing altogether; and the two openings are closed.

   • 2007 R. Randal Bollingera, Andrew S. Barbasa, Errol L. Busha, Shu S. Lina, & William Parkera, "Biofilms in the large bowel suggest an apparent function of the human vermiform appendix," Journal of Theoretical Biology

     This idea was confirmed by Scott, who performed a detailed comparative analysis of primate anatomy and demonstrated conclusively that the appendix is derived for some unidentified function and is not a vestige.

Derived terms

• vestigial

Translations

See also

• hint
• trace

Further reading

• vestige in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• vestige in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Dutch

Pronunciation

Verb

vestige

1. (archaic) singular present subjunctive of vestigen

Anagrams

• stevige

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin vest?gium.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /v?s.ti?/

Noun

vestige m (plural vestiges)

1. vestige, relic

Derived terms

• vestigial

Further reading

• “vestige” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

English

Etymology

Borrowed from French patine (“patina”), from Latin patina (“dish, pan”), itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek ?????? (patán?), either from Proto-Indo-European *peth?- (“to spread”) or from Pre-Greek.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?pæt?n?/
• (US) IPA^(key): /p??ti?.n?/, /?pæ.t?.n?/
• Rhymes: -i?n?

Noun

patina (countable and uncountable, plural patinas or patinae)

1. (originally) A paten, flat type of dish.
2. The colour or incrustation which age and wear give to (mainly metallic) objects; especially, the green rust which covers works of art such as ancient bronzes, coins and medals.
3. A green colour, tinted with grey, like that of bronze patina.

4. (figuratively) A gloss or superficial layer.

Hyponyms

• (colour or incrustation which age and wear give to objects): verdigris

Derived terms

• patinaed

Related terms

• patella

Translations

Adjective

patina (not comparable)

1. Of a green colour, tinted with grey, like that of bronze patina.

Derived terms

• patinate, to coat with a patina

See also

• Appendix:Colors
• verdigris

Anagrams

• Aptian, pinata, piñata, tai-pan, taipan

Danish

Etymology

From Italian patina, itself from Latin patina 'dish, pan'.

Noun

patina c (singular definite patinaen, not used in plural form)

1. patina

Declension

Derived terms

• patinere

Further reading

• “patina” in Den Danske Ordbog
• “patina” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

Dutch

Etymology

From Italian patina, itself from Latin patina 'dish, pan'.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: pa?ti?na

Noun

patina n (uncountable)

1. The color or incrustation which age gives to works of art; especially, the green oxidation which covers aging coppers, bronzes, coins and medals.

Derived terms

• patineren, to apply this color or a similar 'aged' effect.

Estonian

Noun

patina

1. essive singular of patt

Finnish

Noun

patina

1. patina (color or incrustation)

Declension

Anagrams

• Tapani, apinat, ipanat, painat, patani, pintaa, tapain, tapani

French

Verb

patina

1. third-person singular past historic of patiner

Anagrams

• panait

Italian

Etymology

From Latin patina (“shallow”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?pa.ti.na/
• Hyphenation: pa?ti?na

Noun

patina f (plural patine)

1. A patina (of age).
2. A coat, film, glaze, size, patina.

Related terms

• patinare (verb)
• patinoso (adjective)

Descendants

Verb

patina

1. third-person singular present indicative of patinare
2. second-person singular imperative of patinare

Anagrams

• panati, pianta, tapina

Latin

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ?????? (patán?). This must be an early borrowing, because it displays vowel reduction of a to i.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?pa.ti.na/, [?pät??nä]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?pa.ti.na/, [?p??t?in?]

Noun

patina f (genitive patinae); first declension

1. A broad, shallow dish, a pan, stewpan.
2. A kind of cake.
3. A crib, manger.

Declension

First-declension noun.

Descendants

• Occitan: padeau
• Galician: padia
• Medieval Latin: patena
  • Italian: patena
  • Old French: patene
    • French: patène
    • ? Middle English: paten, patene
      • English: paten
      • Scots: patene, patin
  • Catalan: patena
  • Portuguese: pátena
  • Spanish: patena
  • ? Czech: patena
  • ? Dutch: pateen
  • ? Middle High German: paten, patene
    • German: Patene
  • ?? Middle High German: pfette
    • German: Pfette
  • ? Polish: patena
  • ? Swedish: paten
    • ? Finnish: pateeni
• ?? Medieval Latin: panna
  • >? French: panne
  • ?? Germanic: *pann? (see there for further descendants)
  • Vulgar Latin: *pannella
    • Portuguese: panela
    • Spanish: panela
  • ? Welsh: pan
• ? German: Patine
• ? Italian: patina (see there for further descendants)

References

• patina in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• patina in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• patina in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• patina in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• patina in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• patina in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Portuguese

Verb

patina

1. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) present indicative of patinar
2. second-person singular (tu, sometimes used with você) affirmative imperative of patinar

Romanian

Etymology

From French patiner.

Verb

a patina (third-person singular present patineaz?, past participle patinat) 1st conj.

1. to skate

Conjugation

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Italian patina, from Latin patina (“dish, pan”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pâtina/
• Hyphenation: pa?ti?na

Noun

p?tina f (Cyrillic spelling ???????)

1. patina (color or incrustation)
2. layer of sediments (usually on a façade or monuments)
3. (regional) shoe polish
4. A type of wine.

Declension

Spanish

Verb

patina

1. Informal second-person singular (tú) affirmative imperative form of patinar.
2. Formal second-person singular (usted) present indicative form of patinar.
3. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present indicative form of patinar.