different between surface vs patina

English

Etymology

From French surface.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?s??f?s/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?s??f?s/

Noun

surface (plural surfaces)

1. The overside or up-side of a flat object such as a table, or of a liquid.
2. The outside hull of a tangible object.
3. (figuratively) Outward or external appearance.
   • “A tight little craft,” was Austin’s invariable comment on the matron; and she looked it, always trim and trig and smooth of surface like a converted yacht cleared for action. ¶ Near her wandered her husband, orientally bland, invariably affable, […].

4. (mathematics, geometry) The locus of an equation (especially one with exactly two degrees of freedom) in a more-than-two-dimensional space.
5. (fortification) That part of the side which is terminated by the flank prolonged, and the angle of the nearest bastion.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Stocqueler to this entry?)

Synonyms

• overside
• superfice (archaic)

Derived terms

Related terms

• surficial

Translations

Verb

surface (third-person singular simple present surfaces, present participle surfacing, simple past and past participle surfaced)

1. (transitive) To provide something with a surface.
2. (transitive) To apply a surface to something.
3. (intransitive) To rise to the surface.
4. (transitive) To bring to the surface.
   • 2007, Patrick Valentine, The Sage of Aquarius (page 182)

     Sage went immediately to work; Damien surfaced the submarine and readied the group to meet outside the hatch.

5. (intransitive) To come out of hiding.
6. (intransitive) For information or facts to become known.
7. (transitive) To make information or facts known.
8. (intransitive) To work a mine near the surface.
9. (intransitive) To appear or be found.

Translations

French

Etymology

sur- +? face, calque of Latin superficies.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sy?.fas/
• Homophones: surfaces, surfacent

Noun

surface f (plural surfaces)

1. surface

Derived terms

Further reading

• “surface” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

English

Etymology

Borrowed from French patine (“patina”), from Latin patina (“dish, pan”), itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek ?????? (patán?), either from Proto-Indo-European *peth?- (“to spread”) or from Pre-Greek.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?pæt?n?/
• (US) IPA^(key): /p??ti?.n?/, /?pæ.t?.n?/
• Rhymes: -i?n?

Noun

patina (countable and uncountable, plural patinas or patinae)

1. (originally) A paten, flat type of dish.
2. The colour or incrustation which age and wear give to (mainly metallic) objects; especially, the green rust which covers works of art such as ancient bronzes, coins and medals.
3. A green colour, tinted with grey, like that of bronze patina.

4. (figuratively) A gloss or superficial layer.

Hyponyms

• (colour or incrustation which age and wear give to objects): verdigris

Derived terms

• patinaed

Related terms

• patella

Translations

Adjective

patina (not comparable)

1. Of a green colour, tinted with grey, like that of bronze patina.

Derived terms

• patinate, to coat with a patina

See also

• Appendix:Colors
• verdigris

Anagrams

• Aptian, pinata, piñata, tai-pan, taipan

Danish

Etymology

From Italian patina, itself from Latin patina 'dish, pan'.

Noun

patina c (singular definite patinaen, not used in plural form)

1. patina

Declension

Derived terms

• patinere

Further reading

• “patina” in Den Danske Ordbog
• “patina” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

Dutch

Etymology

From Italian patina, itself from Latin patina 'dish, pan'.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: pa?ti?na

Noun

patina n (uncountable)

1. The color or incrustation which age gives to works of art; especially, the green oxidation which covers aging coppers, bronzes, coins and medals.

Derived terms

• patineren, to apply this color or a similar 'aged' effect.

Estonian

Noun

patina

1. essive singular of patt

Finnish

Noun

patina

1. patina (color or incrustation)

Declension

Anagrams

• Tapani, apinat, ipanat, painat, patani, pintaa, tapain, tapani

French

Verb

patina

1. third-person singular past historic of patiner

Anagrams

• panait

Italian

Etymology

From Latin patina (“shallow”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?pa.ti.na/
• Hyphenation: pa?ti?na

Noun

patina f (plural patine)

1. A patina (of age).
2. A coat, film, glaze, size, patina.

Related terms

• patinare (verb)
• patinoso (adjective)

Descendants

Verb

patina

1. third-person singular present indicative of patinare
2. second-person singular imperative of patinare

Anagrams

• panati, pianta, tapina

Latin

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ?????? (patán?). This must be an early borrowing, because it displays vowel reduction of a to i.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?pa.ti.na/, [?pät??nä]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?pa.ti.na/, [?p??t?in?]

Noun

patina f (genitive patinae); first declension

1. A broad, shallow dish, a pan, stewpan.
2. A kind of cake.
3. A crib, manger.

Declension

First-declension noun.

Descendants

• Occitan: padeau
• Galician: padia
• Medieval Latin: patena
  • Italian: patena
  • Old French: patene
    • French: patène
    • ? Middle English: paten, patene
      • English: paten
      • Scots: patene, patin
  • Catalan: patena
  • Portuguese: pátena
  • Spanish: patena
  • ? Czech: patena
  • ? Dutch: pateen
  • ? Middle High German: paten, patene
    • German: Patene
  • ?? Middle High German: pfette
    • German: Pfette
  • ? Polish: patena
  • ? Swedish: paten
    • ? Finnish: pateeni
• ?? Medieval Latin: panna
  • >? French: panne
  • ?? Germanic: *pann? (see there for further descendants)
  • Vulgar Latin: *pannella
    • Portuguese: panela
    • Spanish: panela
  • ? Welsh: pan
• ? German: Patine
• ? Italian: patina (see there for further descendants)

References

• patina in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• patina in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• patina in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• patina in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• patina in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• patina in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Portuguese

Verb

patina

1. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) present indicative of patinar
2. second-person singular (tu, sometimes used with você) affirmative imperative of patinar

Romanian

Etymology

From French patiner.

Verb

a patina (third-person singular present patineaz?, past participle patinat) 1st conj.

1. to skate

Conjugation

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Italian patina, from Latin patina (“dish, pan”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pâtina/
• Hyphenation: pa?ti?na

Noun

p?tina f (Cyrillic spelling ???????)

1. patina (color or incrustation)
2. layer of sediments (usually on a façade or monuments)
3. (regional) shoe polish
4. A type of wine.

Declension

Spanish

Verb

patina

1. Informal second-person singular (tú) affirmative imperative form of patinar.
2. Formal second-person singular (usted) present indicative form of patinar.
3. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present indicative form of patinar.