different between farm vs grind

English

Pronunciation

• (US, Canada) enPR: färm, IPA^(key): /f???m/
• (UK) IPA^(key): /f??m/
• Rhymes: -??(?)m

Etymology 1

From Middle English ferme, farme (“rent, revenue, produce, factor, stewardship, meal, feast”), from Anglo-Norman ferme (“rent, lease, farm”), from Medieval Latin ferma, firma, from Old English feorm, fearm, farm (“provision, food, supplies, provisions supplied by a tenant or vassal to his lord, rent, possessions, stores, feast, entertainment, haven”), from Proto-Germanic *ferm? (“means of living, subsistence”), from Proto-Germanic *ferhw?, *ferhuz (“life force, body, being”), from Proto-Indo-European *perk?- (“life, force, strength, tree”).

Cognate with Scots ferm (“rent, farm”). Related also to Old English feorh (“life, spirit”), Old High German ferah (“life, body, being”), Icelandic fjör (“life, vitality, vigour, animation”), Gothic ???????????????????????????? (fair?us, “the world”). Compare also Old English feormeh?m (“farm”), feormere (“purveyor, grocer”).

Old English feorm is the origin of Medieval Latin ferma, firma (“farm", also "feast”) (whence also Old French ferme, Occitan ferma), instead of the historically assumed derivation from unrelated Latin firma (“firm, solid”), which shares the same form. The sense of "rent, fixed payment", which was already present in the Old English word, may have been further strengthened due to resemblance to Latin firmitas (“security, surety”). Additionally, Old French ferme continued to shape the development of the English word throughout the Middle English period.

Alternative forms

• feorm (historical)
• ferme (obsolete)

Noun

farm (plural farms)

1. A place where agricultural and similar activities take place, especially the growing of crops or the raising of livestock.
2. A tract of land held on lease for the purpose of cultivation.
3. (usually in combination) A location used for an industrial purpose, having many similar structures

4. (computing) A group of coordinated servers.

5. (obsolete) Food; provisions; a meal.
6. (obsolete) A banquet; feast.
7. (obsolete) A fixed yearly amount (food, provisions, money, etc.) payable as rent or tax.
   • 1642, tr. J. Perkins, Profitable Bk. (new ed.) xi. §751. 329:

     If a man be bounden unto 1.s. in 100.l.£ to grant unto him the rent and farme of such a Mill.

   • 1700, J. Tyrrell, Gen. Hist. Eng. II. 814:

     All..Tythings shall stand at the old Farm, without any Increase.

   • 1767, W. Blackstone, Comm. Laws Eng. II. 320:

     The most usual and customary feorm or rent..must be reserved yearly on such lease.

8. (historical) A fixed yearly sum accepted from a person as a composition for taxes or other moneys which he is empowered to collect; also, a fixed charge imposed on a town, county, etc., in respect of a tax or taxes to be collected within its limits.
   • 1876, E. A. Freeman, Hist. Norman Conquest V. xxiv. 439:

     He [the Sheriff] paid into the Exchequer the fixed yearly sum which formed the farm of the shire.

9. (historical) The letting-out of public revenue to a ‘farmer’; the privilege of farming a tax or taxes.
   • 1885, Edwards in Encycl. Brit. XIX. 580:

     The first farm of postal income was made in 1672.

10. The body of farmers of public revenues.
    • 1786, T. Jefferson, Writings (1859) I. 568:

      They despair of a suppression of the Farm.

11. The condition of being let at a fixed rent; lease; a lease.
    • a1599, Spenser, View State Ireland in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) 58:

      It is a great willfullnes in any such Land-lord to refuse to make any longer farmes unto their Tennants.

    • 1647, N. Bacon, Hist. Disc. Govt. 75:

      Thence the Leases so made were called Feormes or Farmes, which word signifieth Victuals.

    • 1818, W. Cruise, Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) IV. 68:

      The words demise, lease, and to farm let, are the proper ones to constitute a lease.

Derived terms

Translations

Descendants

• ? German: Farm
• ? Portuguese: farme, farma

Verb

farm (third-person singular simple present farms, present participle farming, simple past and past participle farmed)

1. (intransitive) To work on a farm, especially in the growing and harvesting of crops.
2. (transitive) To devote (land) to farming.
3. (transitive) To grow (a particular crop).
4. To give up to another, as an estate, a business, the revenue, etc., on condition of receiving in return a percentage of what it yields; to farm out.
   • December 1, 1783, Edmund Burke, Speech on Mr. Fox's East-India Bill

     to farm their subjects and their duties toward these

5. (obsolete, transitive) To lease or let for an equivalent, e.g. land for a rent; to yield the use of to proceeds.
6. (obsolete, transitive) To take at a certain rent or rate.
   • 1886, The Fortnightly (volume 46, page 530)

     In Paris it is stated that nearly half the birth-rate of the city finds its way to nurses who farm babies in the suburbs.

7. (video games, chiefly online gaming) To engage in grinding (repetitive activity) in a particular area or against specific enemies for a particular drop or item.
   • 2004, "Doug Freyburger", Pudding Farming Requires Care (on newsgroup rec.games.roguelike.nethack)

     When you hit a black pudding with an iron weapon that does at least one point of damage there is a good chance it will divide into two black puddings of the same size (but half the hit points IIRC). […] When eaten black puddings confer several intrinsics so AC [armor class] is not the only potential benefit. […] Since black puddings are formidible^[sic] monsters for an inexperienced character, farming is also a good way to die.

   • 2010, Robert Alan Brookey, Hollywood Gamers (page 130)

     The practice of gold farming is controversial within gaming communities and violates the end user licensing agreements […]

Derived terms

Translations

See also

• agriculture
• north forty

References

Oxford English Dictionary, 1884–1928, and First Supplement, 1933.

Further reading

• farm on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Etymology 2

From Middle English fermen, from Old English feormian (“to clean, cleanse”), from Proto-West Germanic *furb?n (“to clean, polish, buff”). Doublet of furbish.

Verb

farm (third-person singular simple present farms, present participle farming, simple past and past participle farmed)

1. (Britain, dialectal) To cleanse; clean out; put in order; empty; empty out

   Farm out the stable and pigsty.

Anagrams

• AFRM

Dalmatian

Alternative forms

• fiarm

Etymology

From Latin firmus. Compare Italian fermo.

Adjective

farm

1. still, firm, steady, stationary

Dutch

Pronunciation

Verb

farm

1. first-person singular present indicative of farmen
2. imperative of farmen

Hungarian

Etymology

Borrowed from English farm.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?f?rm]
• Hyphenation: farm
• Rhymes: -?rm

Noun

farm (plural farmok)

1. farm

   Synonyms: tanya, gazdaság, birtok, földbirtok

Declension

References

Further reading

• farm in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmez? szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: ?ISBN

Icelandic

Noun

farm

1. indefinite accusative singular of farmur

Volapük

Noun

farm (nominative plural farms)

1. farm

Declension

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English grynden, from Old English grindan, (cognate with Dutch grinden (“to grind”, rare) and grind (“gravel, shingle”), from Proto-Germanic *grindan?, from Proto-Indo-European *g?rend?- (“crushing”). Compare Saterland Frisian griene (“to grind; mill”), Albanian grind (“to brawl, fight”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /???a?nd/,
• Rhymes: -a?nd

Verb

grind (third-person singular simple present grinds, present participle grinding, simple past and past participle ground or grinded) (see usage notes below)

1. (transitive) To reduce to smaller pieces by crushing with lateral motion.
2. (transitive) To shape with the force of friction.

3. (metalworking) To remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface.
4. (intransitive) To become ground, pulverized, or polished by friction.

5. To move with much difficulty or friction; to grate.
6. (sports, intransitive) To slide the flat portion of a skateboard or snowboard across an obstacle such as a railing.
7. (transitive) To oppress, hold down or weaken.
8. (slang, intransitive) To rotate the hips erotically.
9. (slang) To dance in a sexually suggestive way with both partners in very close proximity, often pressed against each other.
10. (video games, intransitive) To repeat a task a large number of times in a row to achieve a specific goal.
11. (transitive) To operate by turning a crank.

12. To produce mechanically and repetitively as if by turning a crank.
13. (computing, dated) To automatically format and indent code.
14. To instill through repetitive teaching.

15. (slang, Hawaii) To eat.

16. (intransitive, slang) To work or study hard; to hustle or drudge.

    (Can we find and add a quotation of Farrar to this entry?)

17. (transitive, slang) To annoy or irritate (a person); to grind one's gears.

Usage notes

• In the sports and video game senses, the past participle and past tense form grinded is often used instead of the irregular form ground.
• Historically, there also existed a past participle form grounden, but it is now archaic or obsolete.
• When used to denote sexually suggestive dancing between two partners, the past participle and past tense form grinded is almost always used.

Conjugation

Strong conjugation

Weak conjugation

Derived terms

• bump and grind
• grind down
• have an axe to grind

Translations

Noun

grind (countable and uncountable, plural grinds)

1. The act of reducing to powder, or of sharpening, by friction.
2. Something that has been reduced to powder, something that has been ground.
3. A specific degree of pulverization of coffee beans.

4. A tedious and laborious task.

   Synonym: chore
5. A grinding trick on a skateboard or snowboard.
6. (archaic, slang) One who studies hard.

   Synonym: swot
7. (uncountable, music) Clipping of grindcore (“subgenre of heavy metal”).
8. (slang) Hustle. (Can we add an example for this sense?)

Translations

Etymology 2

From Faroese grind (“pilot-whale meat”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /????nd/
• Rhymes: -?nd

Noun

grind (plural grinds)

1. A traditional communal pilot whale hunt in the Faroe Islands.

Synonyms

• grindadráp

Anagrams

• D-ring, dring

Albanian

Etymology

Either a nasal variant of grij or gërdhij, from Proto-Indo-European *g?rend?- (compare English grind, Lithuanian gréndžiu (“to scrape, scratch”). Same sense development as with grih.

Verb

grind (first-person singular past tense grinda, participle grindur)

1. to brawl, to fight, to wrangle over

Related terms

• grij
• gërryej
• gërdhij

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?r?nt/
• Hyphenation: grind
• Rhymes: -?nt

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch grint, grinde, from Old Dutch *grinda, from Proto-Germanic *grind? (“sand, pebbles”).

Alternative forms

• grinde, grinte (obsolete)
• grint

Noun

grind n (uncountable)

1. (geology) The materials gravel, shingle or pebbles.

Derived terms

• grindbed
• grindbeton
• grinden
• grindig
• grindpad
• grindweg

Descendants

• Afrikaans: grint

Etymology 2

Germanic, perhaps from the above root as a crusty rash

Alternative forms

• grinde

Noun

grind n (uncountable)

1. (archaic, pathology) The diseases scabies (human), mange (canine)

Synonyms

• schurft m

Derived terms

• grindig (adjective)

Anagrams

• dring

Faroese

Etymology 1

From Old Norse grind (“gate”)

Pronunciation

Noun

grind f (genitive singular grindar, plural grindir)

1. A framework
2. A grille

Declension

Etymology 2

The term is a Faroese invention. A school of pilot whales reminds of a framework (see grind above) in the sea, by swimming very close to each other. The Faroese term was loaned in many other languages; compare German Grindwal, Danish grindehval or Dutch griend.More likely the word is related to the English word ground and refers to the whales frequently being grounded or easily driven onto ground.

Noun

grind f (genitive singular grindar, plural grindir)

1. A school of grindahvalur (pilot whales)
2. The tvøst (meat) and spik (blubber) of the pilot whales
3. The act of pilot whaling, grindadráp
4. (figuratively) An unexpected meal

Declension

Descendants

• Belarusian: ??????? (hrýnda)
• ? Danish: grindehval
• Dutch: griend
• German: Grindwal
• Icelandic: grind
• Russian: ??????? (grínda)
• Ukrainian: ??????? (hrýnda)

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kr?nt/
• Rhymes: -?nt

Etymology 1

From Old Norse grind

Noun

grind f (genitive singular grindar, nominative plural grindur)

1. lattice, grid, grille
2. framework
3. (order theory) lattice

Declension

Etymology 2

From Faroese grind.

Noun

grind f (genitive singular grindar, nominative plural grindur)

1. pilot whale

Declension

Synonyms

• (pilot whale): grindahvalur, marsvín

Anagrams

• girnd

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse grind

Noun

grind f or m (definite singular grinda or grinden, indefinite plural grinder, definite plural grindene)

1. A hinged gate across a road or path where it is intersected by a fence.
2. A framework
3. A grille

Derived terms

References

• “grind” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “grind” in The Ordnett Dictionary

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse grind.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?r?nd/, /?r?n?/ (example of pronunciation)

Noun

grind f (definite singular grinda, indefinite plural grinder, definite plural grindene)

1. A hinged gate across a road or path where it is intersected by a fence.
2. A framework
3. A grille

Inflection

Derived terms

• leikegrind
• takgrind
• trappegrind

References

• “grind” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *grindiz.

Noun

grind f (genitive grindar, plural grindr)

1. a gate made of spars or bars
2. haven, dock
3. storehouses

Declension

Descendants

References

• grind in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish grind, from Old Norse grind, from Proto-Germanic *grindiz, from Proto-Indo-European *g?rend?-.

Noun

grind c

1. A gate; door-like structure outside a building
2. (computing) A gate, logical pathway

Declension

Anagrams

• ringd