different between waive vs abstain

English

Alternative forms

• wave (obsolete)

Pronunciation

• enPR: w?v, IPA^(key): /we?v/
• Rhymes: -e?v
• Homophone: wave

Etymology 1

From Middle English weyven (“to avoid, renounce”), from Anglo-Norman weyver (“to abandon, allow to become a waif”), from waif (“waif”).

Verb

waive (third-person singular simple present waives, present participle waiving, simple past and past participle waived)

1. (transitive, law) To relinquish (a right etc.); to give up claim to; to forego.

   If you waive the right to be silent, anything you say can be used against you in a court of law.

   1. (particularly) To relinquish claim on a payment or fee which would otherwise be due.
2. (now rare) To put aside, avoid.
   • a. 1683, Isaac Barrow, Sermon LIX, “Of obedience to our spiritual guides and governors”:

     […] seeing in many such occasions of common life we advisedly do renounce or waive our own opinions, absolutely yielding to the direction of others

3. (obsolete) To outlaw (someone).
4. (obsolete) To abandon, give up (someone or something).

Derived terms

• waivable
• waiver

Related terms

• waiver
• waif

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English weyven (“to wave, waver”), from Old Norse veifa (“to wave, swing”) (Norwegian veiva), from Proto-Germanic *waibijan?.

Verb

waive (third-person singular simple present waives, present participle waiving, simple past and past participle waived)

1. (obsolete) To move from side to side; to sway.
2. (intransitive, obsolete) To stray, wander.
   • c. 1390, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Merchant’s Tale”, Canterbury Tales:

     ye been so ful of sapience / That yow ne liketh, for youre heighe prudence, / To weyven fro the word of Salomon.

Translations

Etymology 3

From Anglo-Norman waive, probably as the past participle of weyver, as Etymology 1, above.

Noun

waive (plural waives)

1. (obsolete, law) A woman put out of the protection of the law; an outlawed woman.
2. (obsolete) A waif; a castaway.

   • […] what a wretched, and disconsolate hermitage is that house, which is not visited by thee, and what a waive and stray is that man, that hath not thy marks upon him?

Translations

Anagrams

• aview

English

Etymology

First attested around 1380. From Middle English absteynen, absteinen, abstenen, from Old French astenir, abstenir, from Latin abstine? (“to hold oneself back”) from abs- (“from”) + tene? (“I hold”). See also tenable.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?b?ste?n/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?b?ste?n/, /æb?ste?n/
• Rhymes: -e?n

Verb

abstain (third-person singular simple present abstains, present participle abstaining, simple past and past participle abstained)

1. (transitive, reflexive, obsolete) Keep or withhold oneself. [Attested from around 1350 to 1470 until the mid 16^th century.]
2. (intransitive) Refrain from (something or doing something); keep from doing, especially an indulgence. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]
   • 22 May 1948, United Nations, Security Council Resolution 49

     The Security Council […] calls upon all Governments and authorities, without prejudice to the rights, claims or positions of the parties concerned, to abstain from any hostile military action in Palestine and to that end to issue a cease-fire order to their military and paramilitary forces
3. (intransitive, obsolete) Fast (not eat for a period). [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]
4. (intransitive) Deliberately refrain from casting one's vote at a meeting where one is present. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]

5. (transitive, obsolete) Hinder; keep back; withhold. [Attested from the early 16^th century until the mid 17^th century.]

Usage notes

• (keep or withhold oneself): Followed by the word from or of.
• (refrain from something): Followed by the word from.

Conjugation

Synonyms

• deny oneself
• forbear
• forgo
• give up
• refrain
• relinquish
• withhold

Derived terms

• abstainer
• abstention
• abstainment

Related terms

• abstinence
• abstinent

Translations

References

Anagrams

• Bastian, banitsa

Indonesian

Etymology

From English abstain, from Middle English absteynen, absteinen, abstenen, from Old French astenir, abstenir, from Latin abstine? (“to hold oneself back”) from abs- (“from”) + tene? (“I hold”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ap?stain/
• Hyphenation: ab?stain

Verb

abstain

1. to abstain:
   1. (politics) to deliberately refrain from casting one's vote at a meeting where one is present.
   2. (medicine) to refrain from (something or doing something), to fast.

      Synonym: puasa

Further reading

• “abstain” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.