different between abstain vs remain

English

Etymology

First attested around 1380. From Middle English absteynen, absteinen, abstenen, from Old French astenir, abstenir, from Latin abstine? (“to hold oneself back”) from abs- (“from”) + tene? (“I hold”). See also tenable.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?b?ste?n/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?b?ste?n/, /æb?ste?n/
• Rhymes: -e?n

Verb

abstain (third-person singular simple present abstains, present participle abstaining, simple past and past participle abstained)

1. (transitive, reflexive, obsolete) Keep or withhold oneself. [Attested from around 1350 to 1470 until the mid 16^th century.]
2. (intransitive) Refrain from (something or doing something); keep from doing, especially an indulgence. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]
   • 22 May 1948, United Nations, Security Council Resolution 49

     The Security Council […] calls upon all Governments and authorities, without prejudice to the rights, claims or positions of the parties concerned, to abstain from any hostile military action in Palestine and to that end to issue a cease-fire order to their military and paramilitary forces
3. (intransitive, obsolete) Fast (not eat for a period). [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]
4. (intransitive) Deliberately refrain from casting one's vote at a meeting where one is present. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]

5. (transitive, obsolete) Hinder; keep back; withhold. [Attested from the early 16^th century until the mid 17^th century.]

Usage notes

• (keep or withhold oneself): Followed by the word from or of.
• (refrain from something): Followed by the word from.

Conjugation

Synonyms

• deny oneself
• forbear
• forgo
• give up
• refrain
• relinquish
• withhold

Derived terms

• abstainer
• abstention
• abstainment

Related terms

• abstinence
• abstinent

Translations

References

Anagrams

• Bastian, banitsa

Indonesian

Etymology

From English abstain, from Middle English absteynen, absteinen, abstenen, from Old French astenir, abstenir, from Latin abstine? (“to hold oneself back”) from abs- (“from”) + tene? (“I hold”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ap?stain/
• Hyphenation: ab?stain

Verb

abstain

1. to abstain:
   1. (politics) to deliberately refrain from casting one's vote at a meeting where one is present.
   2. (medicine) to refrain from (something or doing something), to fast.

      Synonym: puasa

Further reading

• “abstain” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

English

Etymology

From Middle English remainen, from Old French remain-, stressed stem of remanoir, from Latin remane?, mane?, from Proto-Indo-European *men- (“to stay”).

Displaced native Middle English beliven, bliven (“to remain”) (from Old English bel?fan (“to remain, stay”)) due to confluence with related Middle English beleven (“to leave behind”), with which it merged. More at beleave and belive.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /???me?n/
• Rhymes: -e?n
• Hyphenation: re?main

Noun

remain (plural remains)

1. (chiefly in the plural) That which is left; relic; remainder.
2. (in the plural) That which is left of a human being after the life is gone; relics; a dead body.
3. Posthumous works or productions, especially literary works.
4. (obsolete) State of remaining; stay.

Translations

Verb

remain (third-person singular simple present remains, present participle remaining, simple past and past participle remained)

1. To stay behind while others withdraw; to be left after others have been removed or destroyed
2. (mathematics) To be left after a number or quantity has been subtracted or cut off; to be left as not included or comprised.

3. To continue unchanged in place, form, or condition, or undiminished in quantity; to abide; to stay; to endure; to last.
   • , Book I

     That […] remains to be proved.
4. To await; to be left to.
5. (copulative) To continue in a state of being.

Synonyms

• (to stay behind while others withdraw): linger, stay, tarry; See also Thesaurus:stay behind
• (to be left over after a portion is removed): rest, stay; See also Thesaurus:remain
• (to continue unchanged): endure, last, stay; See also Thesaurus:persist
• (to await; to be left to): await, bide, wait; See also Thesaurus:wait for
• (to continue in a state of being): stay
• belave

Derived terms

• remain to be seen

Translations

Anagrams

• Amrine, Armine, Mainer, Marine, Marnie, Merina, Minear, Reiman, Rieman, airmen, mainer, marine