different between abrogate vs abstain

English

Alternative forms

• abrogen (obsolete)

Etymology

First attested in 1526, from Middle English abrogat (“abolished”), from Latin abrog?tus, perfect passive participle of abrog? (“repeal”), formed from ab (“away”) + rog? (“ask, inquire, propose”). See rogation.

Pronunciation

• (adjective):
  • (UK) enPR: ?.b?r?.g?t, IPA^(key): /?æ.b??.??t/
  • (US) IPA^(key): /?æb.?????t/
• (verb):
  • (UK) enPR: ?b?r?g?t, ?b?r?g?t, IPA^(key): /?æb.???.?e?t/, /?æ.b??.?e?t/
  • (US) IPA^(key): /?æb.?o???e?t/, /?æb.????e?t/

Verb

abrogate (third-person singular simple present abrogates, present participle abrogating, simple past and past participle abrogated)

1. (transitive, law) To annul by an authoritative act; to abolish by the authority of the maker or her or his successor; to repeal; — applied to the repeal of laws, decrees, ordinances, the abolition of customs, etc. [First attested in the early 16^th century.]
   • 1660, Robert South, “The Scribe instructed, &c.”, in Sermons Preached upon Several Occasions, volume 2, page 252:

     But let us look a little further, and see whether the New Testament abrogates what we see so frequently used in the Old.
2. (transitive) To put an end to; to do away with. [First attested in the early 16^th century.]
3. (molecular biology, transitive) To block a process or function.

Synonyms

• (to annul by authoritative act): abolish, annul, countermand, invalidate, nullify, overrule, overturn, quash, repeal, rescind, retract, reverse, revoke, set aside, supersede, suspend, undo, veto, void, waive, withdraw
• (to put an end to): abjure, annihilate, cancel, dissolve, do away with, end, obliterate, obviate, recant, subvert, terminate, vitiate, wipe out

Antonyms

• establish
• fix
• promulgate

Related terms

• abrogation

Translations

Adjective

abrogate (not comparable)

1. (archaic) Abrogated; abolished. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]

References

Further reading

• abrogate at OneLook Dictionary Search
• abrogate in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.

Italian

Verb

abrogate

1. second-person plural present indicative of abrogare
2. second-person plural imperative of abrogare
3. feminine plural of abrogato

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ab.ro??a?.te/, [äbr???ä?t??]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ab.ro??a.te/, [?br?????t??]

Verb

abrog?te

1. second-person plural present active imperative of abrog?

English

Etymology

First attested around 1380. From Middle English absteynen, absteinen, abstenen, from Old French astenir, abstenir, from Latin abstine? (“to hold oneself back”) from abs- (“from”) + tene? (“I hold”). See also tenable.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?b?ste?n/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?b?ste?n/, /æb?ste?n/
• Rhymes: -e?n

Verb

abstain (third-person singular simple present abstains, present participle abstaining, simple past and past participle abstained)

1. (transitive, reflexive, obsolete) Keep or withhold oneself. [Attested from around 1350 to 1470 until the mid 16^th century.]
2. (intransitive) Refrain from (something or doing something); keep from doing, especially an indulgence. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]
   • 22 May 1948, United Nations, Security Council Resolution 49

     The Security Council […] calls upon all Governments and authorities, without prejudice to the rights, claims or positions of the parties concerned, to abstain from any hostile military action in Palestine and to that end to issue a cease-fire order to their military and paramilitary forces
3. (intransitive, obsolete) Fast (not eat for a period). [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]
4. (intransitive) Deliberately refrain from casting one's vote at a meeting where one is present. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]

5. (transitive, obsolete) Hinder; keep back; withhold. [Attested from the early 16^th century until the mid 17^th century.]

Usage notes

• (keep or withhold oneself): Followed by the word from or of.
• (refrain from something): Followed by the word from.

Conjugation

Synonyms

• deny oneself
• forbear
• forgo
• give up
• refrain
• relinquish
• withhold

Derived terms

• abstainer
• abstention
• abstainment

Related terms

• abstinence
• abstinent

Translations

References

Anagrams

• Bastian, banitsa

Indonesian

Etymology

From English abstain, from Middle English absteynen, absteinen, abstenen, from Old French astenir, abstenir, from Latin abstine? (“to hold oneself back”) from abs- (“from”) + tene? (“I hold”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ap?stain/
• Hyphenation: ab?stain

Verb

abstain

1. to abstain:
   1. (politics) to deliberately refrain from casting one's vote at a meeting where one is present.
   2. (medicine) to refrain from (something or doing something), to fast.

      Synonym: puasa

Further reading

• “abstain” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.