different between math vs calculus

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English math, from Old English m?þ (“a mowing, that which is mown, cutting of grass”), from Proto-Germanic *m?þ? (“a mowing”), from Proto-Indo-European *h?meh?- (“to mow”); equivalent to mow +? -th. Cognate with German Mahd (“a mowing, reaping”). Related also to Old English m?d (“mead, meadow, pasture”). See meadow.

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /mæ?/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /m???/
• Rhymes: -æ?, -???

Noun

math (plural maths)

1. A mowing; what is gathered from mowing.

   Hyponyms: aftermath, foremath, lattermath

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Contraction of mathematics.

Alternative forms

• maths (UK, Australia)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mæ?/
• Rhymes: -æ?

Noun

math (countable and uncountable, plural maths)

1. (uncountable, Canada, US) Clipping of mathematics.
2. (uncountable, Canada, US) Arithmetic calculations; (see do the math).

   If you do the math, you'll see that it’s not such a bargain.

   $170 a month? That doesn’t sound right. Let me check your math.

3. (countable, Canada, US) A math course.

   They needed to take two more maths in order to graduate.

Hyponyms

• new math
• napkin math

Derived terms

• MathML

Related terms

• check the math
• do the math

Translations

Further reading

• mathematics on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Verb

math (third-person singular simple present maths, present participle mathing, simple past and past participle mathed)

1. (colloquial, informal) to do mathematical calculations

Etymology 3

Contraction of matha.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /m?t/, /m??t/

Noun

math (plural maths)

1. (Hinduism, Jainism) Clipping of matha.

Anagrams

• THAM, Tham

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *matus, commonly understood as a euphemistic derivation from *matis (“good”), cf. Proto-Germanic *berô (“the brown one”), Proto-Slavic *medv?d? (“honey-eater”), Latvian l?cis (“stomper, pounder”). A cognate is apparently attested in the Gaulish personal name Matugenos if this means “born of a bear”, and a possibly related Celtiberian matus of uncertain meaning is also attested.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ma?/

Noun

math m (genitive matho)

1. bear

Inflection

Derived terms

• mathgamain

Mutation

References

Scottish Gaelic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ma?/, /mah/

Etymology 1

From Old Irish maith, from Proto-Celtic *matis, from Proto-Indo-European *meh?-. Cognate with Welsh mad, Breton mad, Cornish mas. Compare Irish maith, Manx mie.

Adjective

math (genitive singular masculine maith, genitive singular feminine maithe, nominative plural matha, comparative fheàrr)

1. good

Declension

Synonyms

• deagh (slightly stronger)

Derived terms

• an ìre mhath (“almost”)
• cho math ri sin (“furthermore”)
• math dha-rìribh (“excellent; genuine”)
• 's math a rinn thu! (“well done!”)
• math fhèin (“excellent”)

Adverb

math

1. well

Antonyms

• dona
• olc
• droch

Derived terms

• a cheart cho math
• is math le

Noun

math m (genitive singular maith)

1. good
2. advantage, profit, use, utility

Derived terms

• math na bà

Etymology 2

From Old Irish maithid (“remits, excuses; pardons, forgives; remits, abates, withholds; gives up (claim to); renounces”), from maith (“good”).

Verb

math (past mhath, future mathaidh, verbal noun mathadh, past participle mathte)

1. forgive, excuse, pardon, condone, remit

Alternative forms

• (verb): maith

References

• “math” in Edward Dwelly, Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan/The Illustrated [Scottish] Gaelic–English Dictionary, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, 1911, ?ISBN.
• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “maith”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “maithid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Welsh

Etymology

A variation on bath (“kind, sort”). For similar instances of alternation between b and m, see benyw and menyw, beiddio and meiddio, bainc and mainc.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ma??/

Noun

math m (plural mathau)

1. kind, sort, type

   Synonym: siort

Mutation

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present) , “math”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

English

Etymology

• Borrowed from Latin calculus (“a pebble or stone used as reckoning counters in abacus”) , diminutive of calx (“limestone”) + -ulus.
• Mathematical topic is from differential calculus.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?kæl.kj?.l?s/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?kæl.kj?.l?s/

Noun

calculus (countable and uncountable, plural calculi or calculuses)

1. (dated, countable) Calculation; computation.
2. (countable, mathematics) Any formal system in which symbolic expressions are manipulated according to fixed rules.

3. (uncountable, often definite, the calculus) Differential calculus and integral calculus considered as a single subject; analysis.
5. (countable, medicine) A stony concretion that forms in a bodily organ.

   renal calculus ( = kidney stone)

6. (uncountable, dentistry) Deposits of calcium phosphate salts on teeth.
7. (countable) A decision-making method, especially one appropriate for a specialised realm.

Synonyms

• (calculation, computation): ciphering, reckoning; see also Thesaurus:calculation
• (in analysis): infinitesimal calculus
• (in medicine): stone
• (in dentistry): dental calculus, tartar

Derived terms

Related terms

• calcify
• calcium
• calculate

Translations

See also

• algebra
• analysis
• concretion

References

• calculus in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Latin

Etymology

From calx, calcis (“limestone, game counter”) +? -ulus (diminutive suffix).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?kal.ku.lus/, [?kä??k????s?]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?kal.ku.lus/, [?k?lkulus]

Noun

calculus m (genitive calcul?); second declension

1. diminutive of calx
2. pebble, stone
3. reckoning, calculating, calculation
4. a piece in the latrunculi game

Declension

Second-declension noun.

Derived terms

• calcul?rius
• calculensis
• calcul?
• calcul?sus

Descendants

• ? Catalan: càlcul
• ? English: calculus
• ? French: calcul
  • ? German: Kalkül
    • ? Czech: kalkul
  • ? Romanian: calcul
  • ? Swedish: kalkyl
• ? Gallurese: calculu
• ? Georgian: ????????? (?al?ulusi)
• ? Hungarian: kalkulus
• ? Irish: calcalas
• ? Italian: calcolo
• ? Portuguese: cálculo
• ? Sardinian: calculu, càrculu
• ? Sassarese: càlcuru
• ? Spanish: cálculo
• ? Welsh: calcwlws
• ? Yiddish: ?????????? (kalkulus)

References

• calculus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• calculus in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• calculus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• calculus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.