different between loan vs calque

English

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /l??n/
• (US) IPA^(key): /lo?n/
• Rhymes: -??n
• Homophone: lone

Etymology 1

From Middle English lone, lane, from Old Norse lán, from Proto-Germanic *laihn?, from Proto-Indo-European *leyk?- (“to leave (over)”).

Cognate with Icelandic lán, Swedish lån, Danish lån, German Lehen (“fief”), Dutch leen (“fief”), West Frisian lien, North Frisian leen (“fief; loan; office”), Scots lane, lain, len, Old English l?n. More at lend.

Noun

loan (plural loans)

1. (law, banking, finance) An act or instance of lending, an act or instance of granting something for temporary use.

   Synonyms: loaning, lending

2. (law, banking, finance) A sum of money or other property that a natural or legal person borrows from another with the condition that it be returned or repaid over time or at a later date (sometimes with interest).

   Synonym: principal

3. The contract and array of legal or ethical obligations surrounding a loan.

4. The permission to borrow any item.

Hypernyms

• (something borrowed): bailment

Hyponyms

• (something borrowed): mutuum, commodatum

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

loan (third-person singular simple present loans, present participle loaning, simple past and past participle loaned)

1. (usually double transitive, US, dated in Britain, informal) To lend (something) to (someone).
   • 1820 June 1, William King, in 1820, Letters to James Monroe: President of the United States, from William King,

     In the course of a correspondence that passed between us at this period, he mentioned, to my utter astonishment, the fact of his having loaned Neilson 81000 to buy my bill on Maryland; and stated that he could not proceed to make the payment until Neilson refunded the money.

   • 1992, Carlo Ginzburg, The Cheese and the Worms: The Cosmos of a Sixteenth-Century Miller, page 30,

     All the rest—six out of eleven, more than half—were loaned to him.

   • 2015, Joanne M. Flood, Wiley GAAP 2015: Interpretation and Application of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, page 574,

     Upon maturity of the debt, the investment bank returns the loaned shares.

     On the date of issuance, the entity should record the loaned shares at their fair value and recognize them as an issuance cost, with an offset to additional paid-in capital.

Usage notes

• This usage, once widespread in the UK, is now confined to the US (or perhaps parts thereof). The use of loan as a verb is occasionally disapproved of, especially when the object being lent is something other than money; as a consequence, lend is often preferred.

Translations

Further reading

• loan on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Etymology 2

See lawn.

Noun

loan (plural loans)

1. (Scotland) A lonnen.

Anagrams

• Anlo, NOLA, Nola, lona, nola

Finnish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?lo?n/, [?lo??n]
• Rhymes: -o?n
• Syllabification: lo?an

Noun

loan

1. genitive singular of loka

Anagrams

• laon, olan

Spanish

Verb

loan

1. Second-person plural (ustedes) present indicative form of loar.
2. Third-person plural (ellos, ellas, also used with ustedes^?) present indicative form of loar.

Vietnamese

Etymology

Sino-Vietnamese word from ?.

Pronunciation

• (Hà N?i) IPA^(key): [lwa?n??]
• (Hu?) IPA^(key): [lwa????]
• (H? Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [l???a????]

Noun

(classifier con) loan

1. hen-phoenix

English

Etymology

Borrowed from French calque (“calque”, literally “tracing, copy”), from calquer (“to copy, trace”) (whence also calk), itself borrowed from Italian calcare, from Latin calc?re (“I tread”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kælk/
• Rhymes: -ælk
• Homophones: calc, calk
• Hyphenation: calque

Noun

calque (plural calques)

1. (linguistics, translation studies) A word or phrase in a language formed by word-for-word or morpheme-by-morpheme translation of a word in another language.

   Synonyms: loan translation, calquing

   Hypernym: loan formation

   Coordinate term: (a term that is partially a calque and partially formally contains a foreign element) partial calque, loanblend

Translations

Hyponyms

• partial calque

Derived terms

• semi-calque

See also

• Hobson-Jobson
• loanword
• metaphrase

Verb

calque (third-person singular simple present calques, present participle calquing, simple past and past participle calqued)

1. (linguistics, translation studies) To adopt (a word or phrase) from one language to another by semantic translation of its parts.

Translations

Trivia

• While the term calque is a loanword from French, the term loanword is a calque from German.

Anagrams

• claque

Asturian

Verb

calque

1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive of calcar

French

Etymology

Deverbal of calquer, borrowed from Italian calcare, from Latin calc?re (“I tread”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kalk/

Noun

calque m (plural calques)

1. tracing (the reproduction of an image made by copying it through translucent paper)
2. (lexicography) calque, loan translation
3. (computer graphics) layer

Descendants

• ? Belarusian: ??????? (kál?ka)
• ? Bulgarian: ?????? (kálka)
• ? Catalan: calc (semantic loan)
• ? Czech: kalk
• ? English: calque
• ? Georgian: ????? (?al?i)
• ? Italian: calco (semantic loan)
• ? Latvian: kalks
• ? Macedonian: ????? (kalka)
• ? Polish: kalka
• ? Romanian: calc
• ? Russian: ??????? (kál?ka)
• ? Serbo-Croatian: ????? (k?lk)
• ? Slovak: kalk
• ? Slovene: kalk
• ? Spanish: calco (semantic loan)
• ? Ukrainian: ??????? (kál?ka)
• ? Yiddish: ??????? (kalke)

Further reading

• “calque” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• claque, claqué

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -awki

Verb

calque

1. inflection of calcar:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

Spanish

Verb

calque

1. First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of calcar.
2. Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of calcar.
3. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present subjunctive form of calcar.