different between claque vs calque

English

Etymology

From French claquer (“to clap one's hands”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?klæk/, /?kl??k/
• Homophones: clack, clerk (non-rhotic accents)

Noun

claque (plural claques)

1. A group of people hired to attend a performance and to either applaud or boo.
2. A group of people who pre-arrange among themselves to express strong support for an idea, so as to give the false impression of a wider consensus.
3. A group of fawning admirers.

Translations

Anagrams

• calque

French

Etymology

From claquer.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /klak/

Noun

claque f (plural claques)

1. slap
2. slap on the cheek
3. vamp (of a shoe)
4. (Quebec) overshoe
5. (sports) thrashing; thumping (heavy defeat)

claque m (plural claques)

1. (slang) gambling den
2. (slang) whorehouse, brothel

Synonyms

• (slap in the face or on the cheek): gifle, baffe, taloche
• (overshoe): shoe claque, chouclaque

Derived terms

Descendants

• ? Italian: claque
• ? Portuguese: claque
• ? Spanish: claque

Further reading

• “claque” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• calque

Italian

Etymology

From French claque.

Noun

claque f (invariable)

1. claque

Related terms

• clacchista

Further reading

• claque in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Portuguese

Etymology

From French claque.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: cla?que

Noun

claque f (plural claques)

1. (Portugal, sports) supporters (people who support something, especially a sports team)

   Synonym: (Brazil) torcida

References

Spanish

Etymology

From French claque.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?klake/, [?kla.ke]

Noun

claque f (plural claques)

1. claque

Further reading

• “claque” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.

English

Etymology

Borrowed from French calque (“calque”, literally “tracing, copy”), from calquer (“to copy, trace”) (whence also calk), itself borrowed from Italian calcare, from Latin calc?re (“I tread”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kælk/
• Rhymes: -ælk
• Homophones: calc, calk
• Hyphenation: calque

Noun

calque (plural calques)

1. (linguistics, translation studies) A word or phrase in a language formed by word-for-word or morpheme-by-morpheme translation of a word in another language.

   Synonyms: loan translation, calquing

   Hypernym: loan formation

   Coordinate term: (a term that is partially a calque and partially formally contains a foreign element) partial calque, loanblend

Translations

Hyponyms

• partial calque

Derived terms

• semi-calque

See also

• Hobson-Jobson
• loanword
• metaphrase

Verb

calque (third-person singular simple present calques, present participle calquing, simple past and past participle calqued)

1. (linguistics, translation studies) To adopt (a word or phrase) from one language to another by semantic translation of its parts.

Translations

Trivia

• While the term calque is a loanword from French, the term loanword is a calque from German.

Anagrams

• claque

Asturian

Verb

calque

1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive of calcar

French

Etymology

Deverbal of calquer, borrowed from Italian calcare, from Latin calc?re (“I tread”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kalk/

Noun

calque m (plural calques)

1. tracing (the reproduction of an image made by copying it through translucent paper)
2. (lexicography) calque, loan translation
3. (computer graphics) layer

Descendants

• ? Belarusian: ??????? (kál?ka)
• ? Bulgarian: ?????? (kálka)
• ? Catalan: calc (semantic loan)
• ? Czech: kalk
• ? English: calque
• ? Georgian: ????? (?al?i)
• ? Italian: calco (semantic loan)
• ? Latvian: kalks
• ? Macedonian: ????? (kalka)
• ? Polish: kalka
• ? Romanian: calc
• ? Russian: ??????? (kál?ka)
• ? Serbo-Croatian: ????? (k?lk)
• ? Slovak: kalk
• ? Slovene: kalk
• ? Spanish: calco (semantic loan)
• ? Ukrainian: ??????? (kál?ka)
• ? Yiddish: ??????? (kalke)

Further reading

• “calque” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• claque, claqué

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -awki

Verb

calque

1. inflection of calcar:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

Spanish

Verb

calque

1. First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of calcar.
2. Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of calcar.
3. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present subjunctive form of calcar.