different between dialect vs variation
dialect
English
Etymology
From Middle French dialecte, from Latin dialectos, dialectus, from Ancient Greek ????????? (diálektos, “conversation, the language of a country or a place or a nation, the local idiom which derives from a dominant language”), from ?????????? (dialégomai, “I participate in a dialogue”), from ??? (diá, “inter, through”) + ???? (lég?, “I speak”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?da?.??l?kt/
Noun
dialect (plural dialects)
- (linguistics) A variety of a language that is characteristic of a particular area, community, or social group, differing from other varieties of the same language in relatively minor ways as regards grammar, phonology, and lexicon.
- Hyponyms: sociolect, ethnolect, regiolect, geolect
- (derogatory) Language that is perceived as substandard or wrong.
- (colloquial) A language existing only in an oral or non-standardized form, especially a language spoken in a developing country or an isolated region.
- Synonym: vernacular
- (colloquial) A lect (often a regional or minority language) as part of a group or family of languages, especially if they are viewed as a single language, or if contrasted with a standardized idiom that is considered the 'true' form of the language (for example, Cantonese as contrasted with Mandarin Chinese, or Bavarian as contrasted with Standard German).
- Synonyms: vernacular, (often derogatory) patois
- (computing, programming) A variant of a non-standardized programming language.
- (ornithology) A variant form of the vocalizations of a bird species restricted to a certain area or population.
Usage notes
- In some linguistic traditions, the term "dialect" is restricted to nonstandard lects. In scholarly English usage, it refers to both standardized and vernacular forms of language.
- The difference between a language and a dialect is not always clear, and often has more to do with political boundaries than with linguistic differences. It is generally considered that people who speak different dialects of the same language can understand each other, while people who speak different languages cannot, however, in some cases, people who speak different dialects of the same language are mutually unintelligible. Compare species in the biological sense.
Derived terms
Related terms
Translations
Meronyms
- idiolect
See also
- dialogue
References
Further reading
- "dialect" in Raymond Williams, Keywords (revised), 1983, Fontana Press, page 105.
- Crystal, David (2008) , “dialect”, in A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics, 6 edition, Blackwell Publishing, ?ISBN
- Fodde Melis, Luisanna; (2002) Race, Ethnicity and Dialects: Language Policy and Ethnic Minorities in the United States, FrancoAngeli, ?ISBN
Anagrams
- citadel, dactile, deltaic, edictal, lactide
Dutch
Etymology
From Middle French dialecte, from Latin dialectos, dialectus, from Ancient Greek ????????? (diálektos, “conversation, the language of a country or a place or a nation, the local idiom which derives from a dominant language”), from ?????????? (dialégomai, “I participate in a dialogue”), from ??? (diá, “inter, through”) + ???? (lég?, “I speak”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?dija??l?kt/
- Hyphenation: di?a?lect
- Rhymes: -?kt
Noun
dialect n (plural dialecten, diminutive dialectje n)
- (linguistics) dialect (language variety)
- non-standard dialect; vernacular
- Synonyms: streektaal, mondaard
Derived terms
- dialectgroep
Descendants
- Afrikaans: dialek
- ? Indonesian: dialek
Anagrams
- citadel
Romanian
Etymology
From French dialecte.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /di.a?lekt/
Noun
dialect n (plural dialecte)
- (linguistics) language socially subordinate to a regional or national standard language, often historically cognate to the standard, but not a variety of it or in any other sense derived from it
- (colloquial) dialect
Declension
Derived terms
- subdialect
See also
- idiom, grai, limbaj, limb?
dialect From the web:
- what dialect do i have
- what dialect of spanish is spoken in mexico
- what dialect of english do i speak
- what dialect is spoken in hong kong
- what dialect is spoken in taiwan
- what dialect of arabic should i learn
- what dialect do jamaicans speak
- what dialect of spanish is spoken in spain
variation
English
Etymology
From Middle French variation, from Old French variacion, from Latin vari?ti?.
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /?v?????e??n?/
- (General American) IPA(key): /?v???i?e??n?/, /?væ?i?e??n?/, /?v??i?e??n?/
- , (Mary–marry–merry distinction)
- Hyphenation: va?ri?a?tion
Noun
variation (usually uncountable, plural variations)
- The act of varying; a partial change in the form, position, state, or qualities of a thing.
- A related but distinct thing.
- (nautical) The angular difference at the vessel between the direction of true north and magnetic north.
- Synonym: magnetic declination
- (board games) A line of play that differs from the original.
- (music) A technique where material is repeated with alterations to the melody, harmony, rhythm, timbre, texture, counterpoint or orchestration; but with some invariant characteristic, e.g. a ground bass.
- (genetics) The modification of a hereditary trait.
- (astronomy) Deviation from the mean orbit of a heavenly body.
Derived terms
- magnetic variation
- theme and variations
Related terms
- vary
- variant
Translations
References
- US FM 55-501 MARINE CREWMAN’S HANDBOOK; 1 December 1999
- variation in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- variation in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
French
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin vari?ti?. See also véraison.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /va.?ja.sj??/
Noun
variation f (plural variations)
- variation
Derived terms
- boîte de vitesses à variation continue
Related terms
- varier
Further reading
- “variation” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Swedish
Etymology
From French variation, attested from 1656.
Noun
variation c
- variation
Declension
Related terms
- variant
- variera
References
variation From the web:
- what variations of each of the instruments are available
- what variation means
- what variations do giraffes have
- what variations can individuals exhibit
- what variations do juncos have
- what variations are found in the finch species
- what variation includes differences in traits
- what variation is xy=12
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