different between close vs heavy

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English closen (“to close, enclose”), partly continuing (in altered form) earlier Middle English clusen (“to close”) (from Old English cl?san (“to close, shut”); compare beclose, foreclose, etc.), and partly derived from Middle English clos (“close, shut up, confined, secret”, adjective), from Old French clos (“close, confined”, adjective), from Latin clausus (“shut up”, past participle), from claudere (“to bar, block, close, enclose, bring an end to, confine”), from Proto-Indo-European *kl?w- (“key, hook, nail”), related to Latin cl?vis (“key, deadbolt, bar”), cl?vus (“nail, peg”), claustrum (“bar, bolt, barrier”), claustra (“dam, wall, barricade, stronghold”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ????? (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”), German schließen (“to close, conclude, lock”), Dutch sluiten (“to close, conclude, lock”). Partially replaced Old English l?can (“to close, lock, enclose”), (whence English lock).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: kl?z, IPA^(key): /kl??z/
• (General American) enPR: kl?z, IPA^(key): /klo?z/
• Rhymes: -??z
• Homophone: clothes (in some dialects)

Verb

close (third-person singular simple present closes, present participle closing, simple past and past participle closed)

1. (physical) To remove a gap.
   1. To obstruct (an opening).
   2. To move so that an opening is closed.
      • If I close my eyes I can see Marie today as I saw her then. Round, rosy face, snub nose, dark hair piled up in a chignon.

   3. To make (e.g. a gap) smaller.

   4. To grapple; to engage in close combat.
      • 1856-1858, William H. Prescott, History of the Reign of Phillip II

        They boldly closed in a hand-to-hand contest.

2. (social) To finish, to terminate.
   1. To put an end to; to conclude; to complete; to finish; to consummate.

      • One frugal supper did our studies close.

   2. To come to an end.

   3. (marketing) To make a sale.
   4. (baseball, pitching) To make the final outs, usually three, of a game.

   5. (figuratively, computing) To terminate an application, window, file or database connection, etc.
3. To come or gather around; to enclose; to encompass; to confine.

   • The depth closed me round about.

   • 1633, George Herbert, The Church

     But now Thou dost Thyself immure and close / In some one corner of a feeble heart; / Where yet both Sinne and Satan, Thy old foes, / Do pinch and straiten Thee, and use much art / To gain Thy thirds' and little part.

4. (surveying) To have a vector sum of 0; that is, to form a closed polygon.

Synonyms

• (obstruct (an opening)): close off, close up, cover, shut, shut off
• (move (a door)): shut
• (put an end to): end, finish, terminate, wind up, close down
• (make (a gap) smaller): narrow
• (terminate a computer program): close out, exit

Antonyms

• (obstruct (an opening)): open
• (move (a door)): open
• (put an end to): begin, commence, initiate, start
• (make (a gap) smaller): extend, widen
• (terminate a computer program): open, start

Hyponyms

• autoclose

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Noun

close (plural closes)

1. An end or conclusion.

   We owe them our thanks for bringing the project to a successful close.
2. The manner of shutting; the union of parts; junction.
3. (sales) The point at the end of a sales pitch when the consumer is asked to buy.

   Synonym: closer

   • 1983, Charles B. Roth, ?Roy Alexander, Secrets of Closing Sales (page 110)

     Regardless of the situation, the minute you feel it's time for the close, try it.

4. A grapple in wrestling.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Francis Bacon to this entry?)

5. (music) The conclusion of a strain of music; cadence.

   • At every close she made, the attending throng / Replied, and bore the burden of the song.

6. (music) A double bar marking the end.
7. (aviation, travel) The time when checkin staff will no longer accept passengers for a flight.

Synonyms

• (end): end, finale

Antonyms

• (end): beginning, start

Translations

Etymology 2

Borrowed from French clos, from Latin clausum, participle of claud?.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: kl?s, IPA^(key): /kl??s/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /klo?s/
• Rhymes: -??s

Adjective

close (comparative closer, superlative closest)

2. (now rare) Closed, shut.
   • 1526, William Tyndale, trans. Bible, Matthew chapter 8:

     There is nothinge so close, that shall not be openned, and nothinge so hyd that shall not be knowen.

   • 1830, Thomas Thomson (chemist) The History of Chemistry, Vol. 1, pp. 30-31:

     As the alchymists were assiduous workmen—as they mixed all the metals, salts, &c... and subjected such mixtures to the action of heat in close vessels, their labours were occasionally repaid by the discovery of new substances...

   • 1847, Charlotte Brontë Jane Eyre, chapter 1:

     I mounted into the window-seat: gathering up my feet, I sat cross-legged, like a Turk; and, having drawn the red moreen curtain nearly close, I was shrined in double retirement.

3. Narrow; confined.

   a close alley; close quarters

   • a close prison

4. At a little distance; near.

5. Intimate; well-loved.
   1. (law) Of a corporation or other business entity, closely held.
6. Oppressive; without motion or ventilation; causing a feeling of lassitude.
7. (Ireland, England, Scotland, weather) Hot, humid, with no wind.
9. (linguistics, phonetics, of a vowel) Articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate.
10. Strictly confined; carefully guarded.

    a close prisoner

11. (obsolete) Out of the way of observation; secluded; secret; hidden.

    • He yet kept himself close because of Saul.
12. Nearly equal; almost evenly balanced.

    a close contest

13. Short.

    to cut grass or hair close

14. (archaic) Dense; solid; compact.
    • 1690, John Locke, An Essay Concerning Human Understanding

      The golden globe being put into a press, [...] the water made itself way through the pores of that very close metal.

15. (archaic) Concise; to the point.

    close reasoning

    • 1690, John Dryden, Translations (Preface)

      Where the original is close no version can reach it in the same compass.

16. (dated) Difficult to obtain.

    Money is close.

    (Can we find and add a quotation of Bartlett to this entry?)

17. (dated) Parsimonious; stingy.
    • 1837, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Twice-Told Tales, Volume I: "Mr. Higginbotham's Catastrophe":

      [...] he was a crusty old fellow, as close as a vice.

    • 1852-1853, Charles Dickens, Bleak House

      Though a hard-grained man, close, dry, and silent, he can enjoy old wine with the best. He has a priceless bin of port in some artful cellar under the Fields, which is one of his many secrets.

18. Adhering strictly to a standard or original; exact.

    a close translation

    (Can we find and add a quotation of Locke to this entry?)

19. Accurate; careful; precise; also, attentive; undeviating; strict.

    The patient was kept under close observation.

20. Marked, evident.

Synonyms

• (at a little distance): close by, near, nearby; see also Thesaurus:near
• (intimate): intimate
• (hot, humid): muggy, oppressive; see also Thesaurus:muggy
• (articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate): high
• (dense, solid, compact): see also Thesaurus:compact

Antonyms

• (at a little distance): distant, far, faraway, far off, remote; see also Thesaurus:distant
• (intimate): aloof, cool, distant
• (articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate): open

Hyponyms

• thisclose
• ultra-close

Derived terms

Translations

Noun

close (plural closes)

1. (now rare, chiefly Yorkshire) An enclosed field.
2. (chiefly British) A street that ends in a dead end.
3. (Scotland) A very narrow alley between two buildings, often overhung by one of the buildings above the ground floor.
4. (Scotland) The common staircase in a tenement.
5. A cathedral close.
6. (law) The interest which one may have in a piece of ground, even though it is not enclosed.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Bouvier to this entry?)

Synonyms

• (street): cul-de-sac
• (narrow alley): See Thesaurus:alley

Translations

Descendants

• ? Irish: clós
• ? Welsh: clos

Anagrams

• Coles, coles, socle

French

Pronunciation

Adjective

close

1. feminine singular of clos

Verb

close

1. first-person singular present subjunctive of clore
2. third-person singular present subjunctive of clore

Participle

close

1. feminine singular of the past participle of clore

Anagrams

• socle

Middle English

Noun

close

1. plural of cloth

Portuguese

Noun

close m (plural closes)

1. (photography) close-up (photography in which the subject is shown at a large scale)

   Synonym: close-up

2. attitude

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English hevy, hevi?, from Old English hefi?, hefe?, hæfi? (“heavy; important, grave, severe, serious; oppressive, grievous; slow, dull”), from Proto-West Germanic *hab?g (“heavy, hefty, weighty”), from Proto-Germanic *hab?gaz (“heavy, hefty, weighty”), from Proto-Indo-European *keh?p- (“to take, grasp, hold”), equivalent to heave +? -y.

Pronunciation

• enPR: hev?i
• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA^(key): /?h?.vi/
• (General Australian, General New Zealand) IPA^(key): /?he.vi/
• Rhymes: -?vi

Adjective

heavy (comparative heavier, superlative heaviest)

1. (of a physical object) Having great weight.
2. (of a topic) Serious, somber.
3. Not easy to bear; burdensome; oppressive.

   • The hand of the Lord was heavy upon them of Ashdod.

   • 1814, William Wordsworth, The Excursion

     Sent hither by my Husband to impart the heavy news.

4. (Britain, slang, dated) Good.

5. (dated, late 1960s, 1970s, US) Profound.

6. (of a rate of flow) High, great.
   • 1998, Stanley George Clayton, ""Menstruation" in Encyclopedia Britannica

     The ovarian response to gonadotropic hormones may be erratic at first, so that irregular or heavy bleeding sometimes occurs

7. (slang) Armed.

8. (music) Louder, more distorted.

9. (of weather) Hot and humid.
10. (of a person) Doing the specified activity more intensely than most other people.

11. (of food) High in fat or protein; difficult to digest.

12. Of great force, power, or intensity; deep or intense.
    • 1918, Edgar Rice Burroughs, The Land That Time Forgot Chapter IV

      The surf was not heavy, and there was no undertow, so we made shore easily, effecting an equally easy landing.

13. Laden to a great extent.

14. Laden with that which is weighty; encumbered; burdened; bowed down, either with an actual burden, or with grief, pain, disappointment, etc.
    • 1613, William Browne, Britannia's Pastorals

      Seating himselfe within a darkesome cave, / (Such places heavy Saturnists doe crave,) / Where yet the gladsome day was never seene […]

15. Slow; sluggish; inactive; or lifeless, dull, inanimate, stupid.
    • a heavy, dull, degenerate mind

    • Neither [is] his ear heavy, that it cannot hear.

16. Impeding motion; cloggy; clayey.

    a heavy road; a heavy soil

17. Not raised or leavened.

18. (of wines or spirits) Having much body or strength.
19. (obsolete) With child; pregnant.
20. (physics) Containing one or more isotopes that are heavier than the normal one.
21. (petroleum) Having high viscosity.

Synonyms

• sweer/swear

Antonyms

• light

Derived terms

Pages starting with “heavy”.

Related terms

• heave
• heft

Translations

Adverb

heavy (comparative more heavy, superlative most heavy)

1. In a heavy manner; weightily; heavily; gravely.

   heavy laden with their sins

2. (colloquial, nonstandard) To a great degree; greatly.
3. (India, colloquial) very

Derived terms

• hang heavy
• heavy-laden

Noun

heavy (plural heavies or heavys)

1. A villain or bad guy; the one responsible for evil or aggressive acts.

   With his wrinkled, uneven face, the actor always seemed to play the heavy in films.

2. (slang) A doorman, bouncer or bodyguard.

   A fight started outside the bar but the heavies came out and stopped it.

3. (journalism, slang, chiefly in the plural) A newspaper of the quality press.
   • 1973, Allen Hutt, The changing newspaper (page 151)

     The comment may be offered here that the 'heavies' have been the Design Award's principal scorers, both in the overall bronze plaque days and, since, in the Daily/Sunday Class 1.

   • 2006, Richard Keeble, The Newspapers Handbook

     Reviewers in the heavies aim to impress with the depth of their knowledge and appreciation.

4. (Should we move, merge or split⁽⁺⁾ this sense?) (aviation) A large multi-engined aircraft. (The term heavy normally follows the call-sign when used by air traffic controllers.)

Derived terms

• brain heavy
• dog heavy

Translations

Verb

heavy (third-person singular simple present heavies, present participle heavying, simple past and past participle heavied)

1. (often with "up") To make heavier. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
2. To sadden. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
3. (Australia, New Zealand, informal) To use power or wealth to exert influence on, e.g., governments or corporations; to pressure.

   The union was well known for the methods it used to heavy many businesses.

   • 1985, Australian House of Representatives, House of Representatives Weekly Hansard, Issue 11, Part 1, page 1570,

     […] the Prime Minister sought to evade the simple fact that he heavied Mr Reid to get rid of Dr Armstrong.

   • 2001, Finola Moorhead, Darkness More Visible, Spinifex Press, Australia, page 557,

     But he is on the wrong horse, heavying me. My phone?s tapped. Well, he won?t find anything.

   • 2005, David Clune, Ken Turner (editors), The Premiers of New South Wales, 1856-2005, Volume 3: 1901-2005, page 421,

     But the next two days of the Conference also produced some very visible lobbying for the succession and apparent heavying of contenders like Brereton, Anderson and Mulock - much of it caught on television.

Etymology 2

heave +? -y

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?hi?vi/

Adjective

heavy (comparative more heavy, superlative most heavy)

1. Having the heaves.

   a heavy horse

See also

• heavy cake

References

• heavy at OneLook Dictionary Search

Anagrams

• Havey, Yahve

German

Etymology

From English heavy.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?h?vi/

Adjective

heavy (not comparable)

1. (predicative, colloquial, probably slightly dated) heavy; intense; serious; shocking (extraordinary, especially in a bad way)

   Synonyms: heftig, krass, nicht ohne, ein starkes Stück

Spanish

Etymology

From English heavy (metal).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?xebi/, [?xe.??i]

Adjective

heavy (plural heavys)

1. heavy (pertaining to heavy metal)
2. heavy (intense)