different between archaeology vs archaic

English

Wikiversity

Alternative forms

• archæology (Commonwealth, archaic)
• archeology (primarily USA)

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ??????????? (arkhaiología, “antiquarian lore, ancient legends, history”), from ??????? (arkhaîos, “primal, old, ancient”) + ????? (lógos, “speech, oration, study”); Surface etymology is archaeo- +? -logy.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /???.ki??.l?.d?i/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /???.ki??.l?.d?i/

Noun

archaeology (countable and uncountable, plural archaeologies)

1. The study of the past by excavation and analysis of its material remains:
   • 1997: Chris Horrocks, Introducing Foucault, pages 36,^{1} 63,^{2} and 64^{3} (Totem Books, Icon Books; ?ISBN

     ^{1} He first presented a complementary thesis on the Enlightenment philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724–1804), in which he used the term “archaeology” for the first time, and which indicated the period of history to which he was constantly to return.

     ^{2} The latent grid of knowledge which organizes every scientific discourse and defines what can or cannot be thought scientifically — the process of uncovering these levels Foucault calls 'archaeology'.

     ^{3} “Archaeology”, as the investigation of that which renders necessary a certain form of thought, implies an excavation of unconsciously organized sediments of thought. Unlike a history of ideas, it doesn’t assume that knowledge accumulates towards any historical conclusion. Archaeology ignores individuals and their histories. It prefers to excavate impersonal structures of knowledge.
     Archaeology is a task that doesn’t consist of treating discourse as signs referring to a real content like madness. It treats discourses, such as medicine, as practices that form the objects of which they speak.

   1. the actual excavation, examination, analysis and interpretation.

      The building's developers have asked for some archaeology to be undertaken.

   2. the actual remains together with their location in the stratigraphy.

      The archaeology will tell us which methods of burial were used by the Ancient Greeks.

   3. the academic subject; in the USA: one of the four sub-disciplines of anthropology.

      She studied archaeology at Edinburgh University.

Hypernyms

• humanities

Hyponyms

Derived terms

Related terms

• archaic
• archaism

Translations

Further reading

archaeology on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

English

Alternative forms

• archæic (old-fashioned)
• archaeic (rare or old-fashioned)
• archaïc
• archaick (obsolete)

Etymology

From archaism (“ancient or obsolete phrase or expression”) or from French archaïque, ultimately from Ancient Greek ???????? (arkhaïkós, “old-fashioned”), from ??????? (arkhaîos, “from the beginning, antiquated, ancient, old”), from ???? (arkh?, “beginning, origin”), from ???? (árkh?, “I am first”), from ???? (árkh?, “I begin”), from Proto-Indo-European *h?erg?- (“to begin, rule, command”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /??.?ke?.?k/
• (US) IPA^(key): /??.?ke?.?k/

Noun

archaic (plural archaics)

1. (archaeology, US, usually capitalized) A general term for the prehistoric period intermediate between the earliest period (‘Paleo-Indian’, ‘Paleo-American’, ‘American?paleolithic’, &c.) of human presence in the Western Hemisphere, and the most recent prehistoric period (‘Woodland’, etc.).
   • 1958, Wiley, Gordon R., and Philip Phillips, Method and Theory in American Archaeology, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, page #107:

     [...] Archaic Stage [...] the stage of migratory hunting and gathering cultures continuing into environmental conditions approximately those of the present.

2. (paleoanthropology) (A member of) an archaic variety of Homo sapiens.
   • 2009, The Human Lineage, page 432:

     [...] prefer the third explanation for the advanced-looking features of Neandertals (Chapter 7) and the Ngandong hominins (Chapter 6), but they have had little to say about the post-Erectine archaics from China.

Adjective

archaic (comparative more archaic, superlative most archaic)

1. Of or characterized by antiquity; old-fashioned, quaint, antiquated.
2. (of words) No longer in ordinary use, though still used occasionally to give a sense of antiquity.
3. (archaeology) Belonging to the archaic period

Synonyms

• (old-fashioned): dated, obsolete, old fashioned; see also Thesaurus:obsolete

Derived terms

• archaically, archaism, archaicy

Related terms

Translations

References

• archaic in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• William Dwight Whitney and Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1914) , “archaic”, in The Century Dictionary: An Encyclopedic Lexicon of the English Language, volume I (A–C), revised edition, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., OCLC 1078064371.
• The New Oxford Dictionary of English, Oxford University Press, 1998

Anagrams

• arachic