different between who vs null
who
English
Etymology
From Middle English who, hwo, huo, wha, hwoa, hwa, from Old English hw? (dative hw?m, genitive hwæs), from Proto-Germanic *hwaz, from Proto-Indo-European *k?os, *k?is.
The sound change /hw/ > /h/ (without a corresponding change in spelling) due to wh-cluster reduction after an irregular change of /a?/ to /o?/ in Middle English (instead of the expected /??/) and further to /u?/ regularly in Early Modern English. Compare how, which underwent wh-reduction earlier (in Old English), and thus is spelt with h.
Compare Scots wha, West Frisian wa, Dutch wie, Low German we, German wer, Danish hvem, Norwegian Bokmål hvem, Norwegian Nynorsk kven, Icelandic hver.
Pronunciation
- enPR: ho?o, IPA(key): /hu?/
- Rhymes: -u?
Pronoun
who (singular or plural, nominative case, objective whom, who, possessive whose)
- (interrogative) What person or people; which person or people; asks for the identity of someone. (used in a direct or indirect question)
- Who is that? (direct question)
- I don't know who it is. (indirect question)
- (interrogative) What is one's position; asks whether someone deserves to say or do something.
- I don't like what you did, but who am I to criticize you? I've done worse.
- (relative) The person or people that.
- Her sister who worked here is an enemy of his.
- (relative) Whoever, he who, they who.
- 1603, William Shakespeare, Othello, act III, scene 3
- Who steals my purse steals trash.
- It was a nice man who helped us.
- 1603, William Shakespeare, Othello, act III, scene 3
Usage notes
- Who is a subject pronoun. Whom is an object pronoun. To determine whether a particular sentence uses a subject or an object pronoun, rephrase it to use he/she or him/her instead of who, whom; if you use he or she, then you use the subject pronoun who; if you use him or her, then you use the object pronoun. The same rule applies to whoever and whomever.
- Who can also be used as an object pronoun, especially in informal writing and speech (hence one hears not only whom are you waiting for? but also who are you waiting for?), and whom may be seen as (overly) formal; in some dialects and contexts, it is hardly used, even in the most formal settings. As an exception to this, fronted prepositional phrases almost always use whom, e.g. one usually says with whom did you go?, not *with who did you go?. However, dialects in which whom is rarely used usually avoid fronting prepositional phrases in the first place (for example, using who did you go with?).
- The use of who as an object pronoun is proscribed by many authorities, but is frequent nonetheless. It is usually felt as much more acceptable than the converse hypercorrection in which whom is misused in place of who, as in *the gentleman whom spoke to me.
- For more information, see "who" and "whom" on Wikipedia.
- When “who” (or the other relative pronouns “that” and “which”) is used as the subject of a relative clause, the verb agrees with the antecedent of the pronoun. Thus “I who am...”, “He who is...”, “You who are...”, etc.
- Formerly sometimes with partitive of, where which is ordinarily used
Translations
Noun
who (plural whos)
- A person under discussion; a question of which person.
Determiner
who
- (interrogative, dialect, African-American Vernacular) whose
- Who phone just rang?
Anagrams
- How, how
Middle English
Alternative forms
- wha, hwoa, huo, hwo
Etymology
From Old English hw?, from Proto-West Germanic *hwa?.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /???/
Pronoun
who
- who
Descendants
- English: who
- Northumbrian: whee, wheea
- Scots: quha, quhay, wha
- Yola: fho
References
- “wh?, pron.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
who From the web:
- what whole number
- what who when where why
- what wholesale clubs accept discover
- what whole number is equivalent to 3/3
- what whole grains are gluten free
- what who wear
- what wholesale means
- what whom means
null
English
Alternative forms
- Ø (linguistics, abbreviation)
- ? (mathematics, abbreviation)
Etymology
Borrowed from Middle French nul, from Latin n?llus.
Pronunciation
- (UK, US) IPA(key): /n?l/
- Rhymes: -?l
Noun
null (plural nulls)
- A non-existent or empty value or set of values.
- Zero quantity of expressions; nothing.
- Something that has no force or meaning.
- (computing) the ASCII or Unicode character (?), represented by a zero value, that indicates no character and is sometimes used as a string terminator.
- (computing) the attribute of an entity that has no valid value.
- Since no date of birth was entered for the patient, his age is null.
- One of the beads in nulled work.
- (statistics) Null hypothesis.
Translations
Adjective
null (comparative more null, superlative most null)
- Having no validity; "null and void"
- Insignificant.
- 1924, Marcel Proust, Within a Budding Grove:
- In proportion as we descend the social scale our snobbishness fastens on to mere nothings which are perhaps no more null than the distinctions observed by the aristocracy, but, being more obscure, more peculiar to the individual, take us more by surprise.
- 1924, Marcel Proust, Within a Budding Grove:
- Absent or non-existent.
- (mathematics) Of the null set.
- (mathematics) Of or comprising a value of precisely zero.
- (genetics, of a mutation) Causing a complete loss of gene function, amorphic.
Antonyms
- antinull
- non-null
Derived terms
- null determiner
- nullary
- nullity
Verb
null (third-person singular simple present nulls, present participle nulling, simple past and past participle nulled)
- (transitive, archaic) To nullify; to annul.
- To form nulls, or into nulls, as in a lathe.
- (computing, slang, transitive) To crack; to remove restrictions or limitations in (software).
Related terms
- annul
- nulled work
See also
- nil
Cimbrian
Etymology
From Latin n?llus (“none”).
Numeral
null
- (Luserna) zero
References
- “null” in Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
Estonian
Numeral
null
- zero
Faroese
Etymology
From Latin nullus.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /n?l?/
- Rhymes: -?l?
Numeral
null
- zero
Noun
null n (genitive singular nuls, plural null)
- (mathematics) the numeric symbol that represents the cardinal number zero
Declension
German
Etymology
From the noun Null (“the number zero”), from Italian nulla, from Latin nulla, feminine singular of nullus (“no, none”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /n?l/
Numeral
null
- zero; nil; nought; (tennis) love (integer number between -1 and 1, denoting no quantity at all)
- (colloquial) zero; no
- Synonym: (überhaupt) kein
Coordinate terms
Adjective
null (not comparable)
- (specialist, law, chiefly predicative) null (having no validity)
Declension
Derived terms
- null und nichtig (also in common use)
Further reading
- “null” in Duden online and “null” in Duden online; cp. “null” in Duden online and “null” in Duden online
- “null” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache; cp. “Null” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
Hunsrik
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /nul/
Numeral
null
- zero
Further reading
- Online Hunsrik Dictionary
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
From Latin nullus (“no one, none, no”), from Proto-Italic *ne oinolos, from Proto-Italic *oinos (“one”), from Proto-Indo-European *óynos (“one, single”).
Determiner
null
- no (determiner: not any)
- ha null penger - to have no money
Numeral
null
- zero, nought, nil
Noun
null m (definite singular nullen, indefinite plural nuller, definite plural nullene)
null n (definite singular nullet, indefinite plural null or nuller, definite plural nulla or nullene)
- zero (numeric symbol of zero), nought, nil
- a nobody or nonentity (derogatory about a person)
Derived terms
- nullstille
- nulltoleranse
- nullvekst
References
- “null” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology
From Latin nullus
Determiner
null
- no (determiner: not any)
- ha null pengar - to have no money
Numeral
null
- zero, nought, nil
Noun
null m (definite singular nullen, indefinite plural nullar, definite plural nullane)
null n (definite singular nullet, indefinite plural null, definite plural nulla)
- zero (numeric symbol of zero), nought, nil
- a nobody or nonentity (derogatory about a person)
Derived terms
- nulltoleranse
- nullvekst
References
- “null” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Pennsylvania German
Etymology
Compare German null.
Numeral
null
- zero
null From the web:
- what null means
- what nullified the missouri compromise
- what nullifies wudu
- what null hypothesis
- what nullifies fasting
- what nullify means
- what null and alternative hypothesis
- what nullifies your fast
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