different between vitriol vs sarcasm

English

Etymology

From Middle English vitriol, from Old French vitriol, from Medieval Latin vitriolum (“sulphuric acid”), from vitrum (“glass”).

Pronunciation

• (US) IPA^(key): /?v?.t?i.?l/

Noun

vitriol (countable and uncountable, plural vitriols)

1. (dated) Sulphuric acid and various metal sulphates.
2. (by extension) Bitterly abusive language.
   • 2012 November 2, Ken Belson, "[1]," New York Times (retrieved 2 November 2012):

     For days, online forums sparked with outrage against politicians and race organizers, a tone that turned to vitriol against runners, even from some shaming other runners for being selfish.

Derived terms

Descendants

• ? Irish: vitrial

Translations

Verb

vitriol (third-person singular simple present vitriols, present participle vitrioling or vitriolling, simple past and past participle vitrioled or vitriolled)

1. (transitive) To subject to bitter verbal abuse.
2. (transitive, metallurgy) To dip in dilute sulphuric acid; to pickle.
3. (transitive, colloquial) To vitriolize.

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Medieval Latin vitriolum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /vi.t?i.j?l/

Noun

vitriol m (plural vitriols)

1. vitriol (all senses)

Further reading

• “vitriol” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Romanian

Etymology

From French vitriol.

Noun

vitriol n (plural vitrioluri)

1. vitriol

Declension

English

Etymology

From Late Latin sarcasmus, from Ancient Greek ????????? (sarkasmós, “a sneer”), from ??????? (sarkáz?, “I gnash the teeth (in anger)”, literally “I strip off the flesh”), from ???? (sárx, “flesh”).

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /?s????kæz?m/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?s???kæz?m/

Noun

sarcasm (countable and uncountable, plural sarcasms)

1. (uncountable) Use of acerbic language to mock or convey contempt, often using irony and (in speech) often marked by overemphasis and a sneering tone of voice.
2. (countable) An act of sarcasm.

Synonyms

• (uncountable): derision, facetiousness, irony, ridicule, satire
• (countable): taunt, gibe

Derived terms

• sarcastic

Usage notes

Because sarcasm and irony often go together, people often use sarcasm to refer to irony. Strictly speaking, an ironic statement is one that means the opposite of its content, and a sarcastic statement is an acerbic or sardonic one. To distinguish the two, saying "Oh my gosh, I hate you!" to sincerely congratulate one's best friend on their good fortune is ironic, but not sarcastic; saying, "I'm not a mind reader, okay?" is sarcastic, but not ironic.

Translations

See also

• sarcasm on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Further reading

• sarcasm in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• sarcasm in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• sarcasm at OneLook Dictionary Search

Romanian

Etymology

From French sarcasme, from Latin sarcasmus.

Noun

sarcasm n (plural sarcasme)

1. sarcasm

Declension