different between vitriol vs obloquy

English

Etymology

From Middle English vitriol, from Old French vitriol, from Medieval Latin vitriolum (“sulphuric acid”), from vitrum (“glass”).

Pronunciation

• (US) IPA^(key): /?v?.t?i.?l/

Noun

vitriol (countable and uncountable, plural vitriols)

1. (dated) Sulphuric acid and various metal sulphates.
2. (by extension) Bitterly abusive language.
   • 2012 November 2, Ken Belson, "[1]," New York Times (retrieved 2 November 2012):

     For days, online forums sparked with outrage against politicians and race organizers, a tone that turned to vitriol against runners, even from some shaming other runners for being selfish.

Derived terms

Descendants

• ? Irish: vitrial

Translations

Verb

vitriol (third-person singular simple present vitriols, present participle vitrioling or vitriolling, simple past and past participle vitrioled or vitriolled)

1. (transitive) To subject to bitter verbal abuse.
2. (transitive, metallurgy) To dip in dilute sulphuric acid; to pickle.
3. (transitive, colloquial) To vitriolize.

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Medieval Latin vitriolum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /vi.t?i.j?l/

Noun

vitriol m (plural vitriols)

1. vitriol (all senses)

Further reading

• “vitriol” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Romanian

Etymology

From French vitriol.

Noun

vitriol n (plural vitrioluri)

1. vitriol

Declension

English

Etymology

From Late Latin obloquium (“contradiction”), from Latin obloquor (“speak against, contradict”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??bl??kwi/, /???bl??kwi/

Noun

obloquy (countable and uncountable, plural obloquies)

1. Abusive language.
   • 1748, David Hume, Enquiries concerning the human understanding and concerning the principles of moral. London: Oxford University Press, 1973. § 34.

     It is surprising, therefore, that this philosophy, which, in almost every instance, must be harmless and innocent, should be the subject of so much groundless reproach and obloquy.
2. Disgrace.
   • 1825, William Hazlitt, The Spirit of the Age, Mr. Malthus

     His name undoubtedly stands very high in the present age, and will in all probability go down to posterity with more or less of renown or obloquy.

   • 1886, Henry James, The Princess Casamassima.

     It was comparatively easy for him to accept himself as the son of a terribly light Frenchwoman; there seemed a deeper obloquy even than that in his having for his other parent a nobleman altogether wanting in nobleness.

3. (archaic) A false accusation; malevolent rumors.
   • 1830, Joseph Plumb Martin, A Narrative of Some of the Adventures, Dangers, and Sufferings of a Revolutionary Soldier, Interspersed with Anecdotes of Incidents that Occurred Within His Own Observation, Chapter IX. Campaign of 1783:

     It is as cruel as the grave to any man, when he knows his own rectitude of conduct, to have his hard services not only debased and underrated. But the Revolutionary soldiers are not the only people that endure obloquy.

Synonyms

• (abusive language): defamation, insult
• (disgrace): opprobrium

Translations