different between vitriol vs berate

English

Etymology

From Middle English vitriol, from Old French vitriol, from Medieval Latin vitriolum (“sulphuric acid”), from vitrum (“glass”).

Pronunciation

• (US) IPA^(key): /?v?.t?i.?l/

Noun

vitriol (countable and uncountable, plural vitriols)

1. (dated) Sulphuric acid and various metal sulphates.
2. (by extension) Bitterly abusive language.
   • 2012 November 2, Ken Belson, "[1]," New York Times (retrieved 2 November 2012):

     For days, online forums sparked with outrage against politicians and race organizers, a tone that turned to vitriol against runners, even from some shaming other runners for being selfish.

Derived terms

Descendants

• ? Irish: vitrial

Translations

Verb

vitriol (third-person singular simple present vitriols, present participle vitrioling or vitriolling, simple past and past participle vitrioled or vitriolled)

1. (transitive) To subject to bitter verbal abuse.
2. (transitive, metallurgy) To dip in dilute sulphuric acid; to pickle.
3. (transitive, colloquial) To vitriolize.

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Medieval Latin vitriolum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /vi.t?i.j?l/

Noun

vitriol m (plural vitriols)

1. vitriol (all senses)

Further reading

• “vitriol” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Romanian

Etymology

From French vitriol.

Noun

vitriol n (plural vitrioluri)

1. vitriol

Declension

English

Etymology

be- +? rate (“to scold, upbraid”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /b???e?t/
• Rhymes: -e?t

Verb

berate (third-person singular simple present berates, present participle berating, simple past and past participle berated)

1. (transitive) to chide or scold vehemently
   • 1896, Gilbert Parker, Seats Of The Mighty, ch. 13:

     Gabord, still muttering, turned to us again, and began to berate the soldiers for their laziness.

   • 1917, Jack London, Jerry of the Islands, ch. 14:

     Lenerengo, as usual, forgot everything else in the fiercer pleasure of berating her spouse.

   • 2008, Alex Perry, "The Man Who Would Be (Congo's) King," Time, 27 Nov.:

     During the rally, he berates the crowd for their cowardice.

   • 2011, Tom Fordyce, Rugby World Cup 2011: England 12-19 France [1]

     France were supposedly a team in pieces, beaten by Tonga just a week ago and with coach Marc Lievremont publicly berating his players, but so clear-cut was their victory that much of the atmosphere had been sucked from the contest long before the end.

Synonyms

• See also Thesaurus:reprehend

Related terms

• beration

Translations

Anagrams

• Bartee, beater, betear, erbate, rebate, rebeat

German

Verb

berate

1. inflection of beraten:
   1. first-person singular present
   2. first/third-person singular subjunctive I
   3. singular imperative