different between scar vs scathe

English

Pronunciation

• (General American) enPR: skär, IPA^(key): /sk??/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /sk??(?)/
• Rhymes: -??(?)

Etymology 1

From Middle English scar, scarre, a conflation of Old French escare (“scab”) (from Late Latin eschara, from Ancient Greek ?????? (eskhára, “scab left from a burn”), and thus a doublet of eschar) and Middle English skar (“incision, cut, fissure”) (from Old Norse skarð (“notch, chink, gap”), from Proto-Germanic *skardaz (“gap, cut, fragment”)). Akin to Old Norse skor (“notch, score”), Old English s?eard (“gap, cut, notch”). More at shard.

Displaced native Old English dolgswæþ.

Noun

scar (plural scars)

1. A permanent mark on the skin, sometimes caused by the healing of a wound.
2. (by extension) A permanent negative effect on someone's mind, caused by a traumatic experience.
3. Any permanent mark resulting from damage.
   • 1961, Dorothy Jensen Neal, Captive mountain waters: a story of pipelines and people (page 29)

     Her age-old weapons, flood and fire, left scars on the canyon which time will never efface.

Synonyms

• cicatrice, cicatrix

Related terms

• fire scar
• scar tissue

Translations

Verb

scar (third-person singular simple present scars, present participle scarring, simple past and past participle scarred)

1. (transitive) To mark the skin permanently.
2. (intransitive) To form a scar.
3. (transitive, figuratively) To affect deeply in a traumatic manner.

   Seeing his parents die in a car crash scarred him for life.

Derived terms

• battle-scarred

Translations

See also

• birthmark

Etymology 2

From Middle English scarre, skarr, skerre, sker, a borrowing from Old Norse sker (“an isolated rock in the sea; skerry”). Cognate with Icelandic sker, Norwegian skjær, Swedish skär, Danish skær, German Schäre. Doublet of skerry.

Noun

scar (plural scars)

1. A cliff or rock outcrop.
2. A rock in the sea breaking out from the surface of the water.
3. A bare rocky place on the side of a hill or mountain.

Translations

Etymology 3

From Latin scarus (“a kind of fish”), from Ancient Greek ?????? (skáros, “parrot wrasse, Sparisoma cretense, syn. Scarus cretensis”).

Noun

scar (plural scars)

1. A marine food fish, the scarus or parrotfish (family Scaridae).

Anagrams

• CRAs, RACs, arcs, ascr., cars, csar, sacr-, sarc-

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish scaraid, from Proto-Celtic *skarati, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ska??/

Verb

scar (present analytic scarann, future analytic scarfaidh, verbal noun scaradh, past participle scartha)

1. (transitive) sever
2. (transitive) separate
   • 1939, Peig Sayers, “Inghean an Cheannaidhe”, printed in Marie-Louise Sjoestedt, Description d’un parler irlandais de Kerry, Bibliothèque de l'École des Hautes Études 270. Paris: Librairie Honoré Champion, p. 194:

   Synonyms: dealaigh, deighil

3. (transitive) tear asunder

Conjugation

• Alternative verbal noun: scarúint (Munster)

Derived terms

• soscartha (“easily separated; isolable”, adjective)

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “scaraid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• “scaraim” in Foclóir Gae?ilge agus Béarla, Irish Texts Society, 1st ed., 1904, by Patrick S. Dinneen, page 602.
• "scar" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
• Entries containing “scar” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
• “scar” at the Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926 of the Royal Irish Academy.

Old Irish

Alternative forms

• ·scart

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /skar/

Verb

·scar

1. third-person singular preterite conjunct of scaraid

English

Alternative forms

• scath (dialectal or obsolete)
• skaith, scaith (Scotland)

Etymology 1

From Middle English scathe, from Old English sceaþa (also sceaþu (“scathe, harm, injury”), from Proto-Germanic *skaþô (“damage, scathe”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)keh?t- (“damage, harm”). Cognate with Scots skaith.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ske?ð/, /ske??/
• Rhymes: -e?ð, -e??

Noun

scathe (countable and uncountable, plural scathes)

1. (archaic or dialect) Harm; damage; injury; hurt; misfortune; waste.

Derived terms

• scatheful
• scatheless
• scathely

For quotations using this term, see Citations:scathe.

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English scathen, skathen, from Old English sceaþian, scaþan (“to scathe, hurt, harm, injure”) and Old Norse skaða (“to hurt”), both from Proto-Germanic *skaþ?n? (“to injure”). Cognate with Scots skaith, Danish skade, Dutch schaden, German schaden, Swedish skada; compare Gothic ???????????????????????????? (skaþjan), Old Norse skeðja (“to hurt”). Compare Ancient Greek ??????? (ask?th?s, “unhurt”), Albanian shkathët (“skillful, adept, clever”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ske?ð/
• Rhymes: -e?ð

Verb

scathe (third-person singular simple present scathes, present participle scathing, simple past and past participle scathed)

1. To injure or harm.
2. To blast; scorch; wither.
   • 1819, Washington Irving, The Broken Heart:

     Strokes of calamity that scathe and scorch the soul.

Derived terms

• scathel
• scathing
• unscathed

Translations

References

• scath in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.

Anagrams

• 'stache, 'taches, Scheat, achest, chaste, chates, cheats, he-cats, sachet, she-cat, stache, taches, thecas

Middle English

Adjective

scathe

1. Unfortunate, a pity, a shame.
   • 14th c. Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales. General Prologue: 445-6.