different between lire vs knowledge

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English lire, lyre, from Old English l?ra (“any fleshy part of the body, muscle, calf of the leg”), from Proto-Germanic *ligwizô, *lihwizô (“thigh, groin”), from Proto-Indo-European *lek?s-, *lewks- (“groin”). Cognate with Dutch lies (“groin”), Swedish lår (“thigh”).

Noun

lire (plural lires)

1. (Britain dialectal, Northern England, Scotland) Flesh, brawn, or muscle; the fleshy part of a person or animal in contradistinction to the bone and skin.
2. (Britain dialectal, Scotland) The fleshy part of a roast capon, etc. as distinguished from a limb or joint.

Etymology 2

From Middle English lire, lyre, from Old Norse hlýr (“cheeks”, plural). Compare Middle English lere, from Old English hl?or (“cheek, countenance, complexion”). More at leer.

Noun

lire (plural lires)

1. (Britain dialectal, Scotland) The cheek.
2. (Britain dialectal, Scotland) Face; appearance of the face or skin; complexion; hue.

Etymology 3

From Old Norse líri. Cognate with Norwegian lira.

Noun

lire (plural lires)

1. (Britain dialectal, Scotland, Orkney, Shetland, ornithology) The Manx shearwater (bird).

Etymology 4

From Italian lire.

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -??r?

Noun

lire

1. plural of lira

Homophones

• lyre

Anagrams

• Iler, Irel., Lier, Reil, Riel, lier, riel, rile

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /li?/
• Homophones: lires, lyre, lyrent, lyres
• Rhymes: -i?

Etymology 1

From Old French lire, from Latin legere, present active infinitive of leg?, from Proto-Italic *leg?, from Proto-Indo-European *le?-.

Verb

lire

1. (transitive, intransitive) to read
2. (reflexive, se lire) to be read

Conjugation

Derived terms

Related terms

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Italian lira, compare French livre.

Noun

lire f (plural lires)

1. lira (unit of currency)

Anagrams

• lier

Further reading

• “lire” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Italian

Noun

lire f

1. plural of lira

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Middle Low German.

Noun

lire f (definite singular lira, indefinite plural lirer, definite plural lirene)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 2

From Old Norse líri m, likely onomatopoetic.

Noun

lire f (definite singular lira, indefinite plural lirer, definite plural lirene)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Derived terms

• havlire

Etymology 3

Italian plural of lira, from Latin libra (“pound, weight”). Doublet of lira.

Noun

lire m (definite singular liren, indefinite plural lirar or lire, definite plural lirane)

2. (numismatics) lira (currency of Italy)

References

• “lire” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old French

Etymology

From Latin legere, present active infinitive of leg?.

Verb

lire

1. (transitive, intransitive) to read
2. (reflexive, se lire) to be read

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb ends in a palatal stem, so there is an extra i before the e of some endings. This verb has irregularities in its conjugation. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

Related terms

• eslire
• relire

Descendants

• French: lire

Further reading

• Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IX^e au XV^e siècle (1881) (lire)

English

Alternative forms

• (obsolete) knolege, knowlage, knowleche, knowledg, knowlege, knowliche, knowlych, knowlech
• (obsolete, uncommon, Scottish) knaulege, knaulage, knawlage
• (obsolete, uncommon) knoleche, knoleige, knowlache, knolych
• (obsolete, verb) knawlache

Etymology

From Middle English knowleche, knaweleche, cnawlece (“knowledge”), from knowen (“to know, recognise”) + -leche. Related to Middle English knowlechen (“to find out, acknowledge”). For more on the Middle English suffix -leche, compare freelage. Compare also Old English cn?wel??, cn?wel??ing (“acknowledging, acknowledgement”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?n?l?d?/
• (General American) enPR: n?l?ij, IPA^(key): /?n?l?d?/
• (obsolete) enPR: n?l?ij, IPA^(key): /?no?l?d?/
• Rhymes: -?l?d?
• Hyphenation UK: know?ledge, US: knowl?edge

Noun

knowledge (usually uncountable, plural knowledges)

1. The fact of knowing about something; general understanding or familiarity with a subject, place, situation etc. [from 14th c.]
2. Awareness of a particular fact or situation; a state of having been informed or made aware of something. [from 14th c.]
   • 1813, Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice:

     He had always intended to visit him, though to the last always assuring his wife that he should not go; and till the evening after the visit was paid she had no knowledge of it.

3. Intellectual understanding; the state of appreciating truth or information. [from 14th c.]
4. Familiarity or understanding of a particular skill, branch of learning etc. [from 14th c.]

5. (philosophical) Justified true belief
6. (archaic or law) Sexual intimacy or intercourse (now usually in phrase carnal knowledge). [from 15th c.]
   • 1573, George Gascoigne, "The Adventures of Master F.J.", An Anthology of Elizabethan Prose Fiction:

     Every time that he had knowledge of her he would leave, either in the bed, or in her cushion-cloth, or by her looking-glass, or in some place where she must needs find it, a piece of money […].

7. (obsolete) Information or intelligence about something; notice. [15th-18th c.]
   • 1580, Edward Hayes, "Sir Humphrey Gilbert's Voyage to Newfoundland", Voyages and Travels Ancient and Modern, ed. Charles W Eliot, Cosimo 2005, p. 280:

     Item, if any ship be in danger […], every man to bear towards her, answering her with one light for a short time, and so to put it out again; thereby to give knowledge that they have seen her token.

8. The total of what is known; all information and products of learning. [from 16th c.]

9. (countable) Something that can be known; a branch of learning; a piece of information; a science. [from 16th c.]
   • There is a great difference in the delivery of the mathematics, which are the most abstracted of knowledges.

10. (obsolete) Acknowledgement. [14th-16th c.]
11. (obsolete) Notice, awareness. [17th c.]
    • 1611, The Bible, Authorized Version, Ruth II.10:

      Then she fell on her face, and bowed herself to the ground, and said unto him, Why have I found grace in thine eyes, that thou shouldest take knowledge of me, seeing I am a stranger?

12. (Britain, informal) The deep familiarity with certain routes and places of interest required by taxicab drivers working in London, England.
    • 2002, Malcolm Bobbitt, Taxi! - The Story of the London Cab

      There is only one sure way to memorise the runs and that is to follow them, either on foot, cycle or motor cycle; hence, the familiar sight of would-be cabbies learning the knowledge during evenings and weekends.

Quotations

• 1996, Jan Jindy Pettman, Worlding Women: A feminist international politics, pages ix-x:

  There are by now many feminisms (Tong, 1989; Humm, 1992). […] They are in shifting alliance or contest with postmodern critiques, which at times seem to threaten the very category 'women' and its possibilities for a feminist politics. These debates inform this attempt at worlding women—moving beyond white western power centres and their dominant knowledges […].

Usage notes

• Adjectives often used with “knowledge”: extensive, deep, superficial, theoretical, practical, useful, working, encyclopedic, public, private, scientific, tacit, explicit, general, specialized, special, broad, declarative, procedural, innate, etc.

Synonyms

• awareness
• cognizance
• ken
• knowingness
• learning

Antonyms

• ignorance

Hyponyms

Derived terms

Related terms

• know
• knowing

Translations

Verb

knowledge (third-person singular simple present knowledges, present participle knowledging, simple past and past participle knowledged)

1. (obsolete) To confess as true; to acknowledge. [13th-17th c.]
   • 1526, Bible, tr. William Tyndale, Matthew 3:

     Then went oute to hym Jerusalem, and all Jury, and all the region rounde aboute Jordan, and were baptised of hym in Jordan, knoledging their synnes.

See also

• data
• erudition
• information
• know-how
• perception
• wisdom

Further reading

• knowledge in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• knowledge in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.