different between language vs dialect
language
English
Pronunciation
- enPR: l?ng?gw?j, IPA(key): /?læ??w?d??/
- (General American, Canada) IPA(key): (see /æ/ raising) [?le???w?d??]
- Hyphenation: lan?guage
Etymology 1
From Middle English langage, language, from Old French language, from Vulgar Latin *lingu?ticum, from Latin lingua (“tongue, speech, language”), from Old Latin dingua (“tongue”), from Proto-Indo-European *dn???wéh?s (“tongue, speech, language”). Displaced native Old English ?eþ?ode.
Noun
language (countable and uncountable, plural languages)
- (countable) A body of words, and set of methods of combining them (called a grammar), understood by a community and used as a form of communication.
- 1867, Report on the Systems of Deaf-Mute Instruction pursued in Europe, quoted in 1983 in History of the College for the Deaf, 1857-1907 ?ISBN, page 240:
- Hence the natural language of the mute is, in schools of this class, suppressed as soon and as far as possible, and its existence as a language, capable of being made the reliable and precise vehicle for the widest range of thought, is ignored.
- 1867, Report on the Systems of Deaf-Mute Instruction pursued in Europe, quoted in 1983 in History of the College for the Deaf, 1857-1907 ?ISBN, page 240:
- (uncountable) The ability to communicate using words.
- (uncountable) A sublanguage: the slang of a particular community or jargon of a particular specialist field.
- 1991, Stephen Fry, The Liar, p. 35:
- And ‘blubbing’... Blubbing went out with ‘decent’ and ‘ripping’. Mind you, not a bad new language to start up. Nineteen-twenties schoolboy slang could be due for a revival.
- 1991, Stephen Fry, The Liar, p. 35:
- (countable, uncountable, figuratively) The expression of thought (the communication of meaning) in a specified way; that which communicates something, as language does.
- 2001, Eugene C. Kennedy, Sara C. Charles, On Becoming a Counselor ?ISBN:
- A tale about themselves [is] told by people with help from the universal languages of their eyes, their hands, and even their shirting feet.
- 2001, Eugene C. Kennedy, Sara C. Charles, On Becoming a Counselor ?ISBN:
- (countable, uncountable) A body of sounds, signs and/or signals by which animals communicate, and by which plants are sometimes also thought to communicate.
- 1983, The Listener, volume 110, page 14:
- A more likely hypothesis was that the attacked leaves were transmitting some airborne chemical signal to sound the alarm, rather like insects sending out warnings […] But this is the first time that a plant-to-plant language has been detected.
- 2009, Animals in Translation, page 274:
- Prairie dogs use their language to refer to real dangers in the real world, so it definitely has meaning.
- 1983, The Listener, volume 110, page 14:
- (computing, countable) A computer language; a machine language.
- 2015, Kent D. Lee, Foundations of Programming Languages ?ISBN, page 94
- In fact pointers are called references in these languages to distinguish them from pointers in languages like C and C++.
- 2015, Kent D. Lee, Foundations of Programming Languages ?ISBN, page 94
- (uncountable) Manner of expression.
- 1782, William Cowper, Hope
- Their language simple, as their manners meek, […]
- 1782, William Cowper, Hope
- (uncountable) The particular words used in a speech or a passage of text.
- (uncountable) Profanity.
Synonyms
- (form of communication): see Thesaurus:language
- (vocabulary of a particular field): see Thesaurus:jargon
- (computer language): computer language, programming language, machine language
- (particular words used): see Thesaurus:wording
Hypernyms
- medium
Hyponyms
- See Category:en:Languages
Derived terms
Related terms
Translations
Verb
language (third-person singular simple present languages, present participle languaging, simple past and past participle languaged)
- (rare, now nonstandard or technical) To communicate by language; to express in language.
- Others were languaged in such doubtful expressions that they have a double sense.
See also
- bilingual
- lexis
- linguistics
- multilingual
- term
- trilingual
- word
Etymology 2
Alteration of languet.
Noun
language (plural languages)
- A languet, a flat plate in or below the flue pipe of an organ.
References
- language at OneLook Dictionary Search
- language in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
- language in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
French
Noun
language m (plural languages)
- Archaic spelling of langage.
Middle English
Noun
language (plural languages)
- Alternative form of langage
Middle French
Alternative forms
- langage
- langaige
- languaige
Etymology
From Old French language.
Noun
language m (plural languages)
- language (style of communicating)
Related terms
- langue
Descendants
- French: langage
- Haitian Creole: langaj
- ? English: langaj
- Mauritian Creole: langaz
- Haitian Creole: langaj
Old French
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Vulgar Latin *lingu?ticum, from Classical Latin lingua (“tongue, language”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /lan??ad???/
Noun
language f (oblique plural languages, nominative singular language, nominative plural languages)
- language (style of communicating)
Related terms
- langue, lingue
Descendants
- ? Middle English: language
- English: language
- Middle French: language
- French: langage
- Haitian Creole: langaj
- ? English: langaj
- Mauritian Creole: langaz
- Haitian Creole: langaj
- French: langage
- ? Old Spanish: lenguage
language From the web:
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dialect
English
Etymology
From Middle French dialecte, from Latin dialectos, dialectus, from Ancient Greek ????????? (diálektos, “conversation, the language of a country or a place or a nation, the local idiom which derives from a dominant language”), from ?????????? (dialégomai, “I participate in a dialogue”), from ??? (diá, “inter, through”) + ???? (lég?, “I speak”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?da?.??l?kt/
Noun
dialect (plural dialects)
- (linguistics) A variety of a language that is characteristic of a particular area, community, or social group, differing from other varieties of the same language in relatively minor ways as regards grammar, phonology, and lexicon.
- Hyponyms: sociolect, ethnolect, regiolect, geolect
- (derogatory) Language that is perceived as substandard or wrong.
- (colloquial) A language existing only in an oral or non-standardized form, especially a language spoken in a developing country or an isolated region.
- Synonym: vernacular
- (colloquial) A lect (often a regional or minority language) as part of a group or family of languages, especially if they are viewed as a single language, or if contrasted with a standardized idiom that is considered the 'true' form of the language (for example, Cantonese as contrasted with Mandarin Chinese, or Bavarian as contrasted with Standard German).
- Synonyms: vernacular, (often derogatory) patois
- (computing, programming) A variant of a non-standardized programming language.
- (ornithology) A variant form of the vocalizations of a bird species restricted to a certain area or population.
Usage notes
- In some linguistic traditions, the term "dialect" is restricted to nonstandard lects. In scholarly English usage, it refers to both standardized and vernacular forms of language.
- The difference between a language and a dialect is not always clear, and often has more to do with political boundaries than with linguistic differences. It is generally considered that people who speak different dialects of the same language can understand each other, while people who speak different languages cannot, however, in some cases, people who speak different dialects of the same language are mutually unintelligible. Compare species in the biological sense.
Derived terms
Related terms
Translations
Meronyms
- idiolect
See also
- dialogue
References
Further reading
- "dialect" in Raymond Williams, Keywords (revised), 1983, Fontana Press, page 105.
- Crystal, David (2008) , “dialect”, in A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics, 6 edition, Blackwell Publishing, ?ISBN
- Fodde Melis, Luisanna; (2002) Race, Ethnicity and Dialects: Language Policy and Ethnic Minorities in the United States, FrancoAngeli, ?ISBN
Anagrams
- citadel, dactile, deltaic, edictal, lactide
Dutch
Etymology
From Middle French dialecte, from Latin dialectos, dialectus, from Ancient Greek ????????? (diálektos, “conversation, the language of a country or a place or a nation, the local idiom which derives from a dominant language”), from ?????????? (dialégomai, “I participate in a dialogue”), from ??? (diá, “inter, through”) + ???? (lég?, “I speak”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?dija??l?kt/
- Hyphenation: di?a?lect
- Rhymes: -?kt
Noun
dialect n (plural dialecten, diminutive dialectje n)
- (linguistics) dialect (language variety)
- non-standard dialect; vernacular
- Synonyms: streektaal, mondaard
Derived terms
- dialectgroep
Descendants
- Afrikaans: dialek
- ? Indonesian: dialek
Anagrams
- citadel
Romanian
Etymology
From French dialecte.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /di.a?lekt/
Noun
dialect n (plural dialecte)
- (linguistics) language socially subordinate to a regional or national standard language, often historically cognate to the standard, but not a variety of it or in any other sense derived from it
- (colloquial) dialect
Declension
Derived terms
- subdialect
See also
- idiom, grai, limbaj, limb?
dialect From the web:
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- what dialect of spanish is spoken in spain
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