different between knowledge vs gen

English

Alternative forms

• (obsolete) knolege, knowlage, knowleche, knowledg, knowlege, knowliche, knowlych, knowlech
• (obsolete, uncommon, Scottish) knaulege, knaulage, knawlage
• (obsolete, uncommon) knoleche, knoleige, knowlache, knolych
• (obsolete, verb) knawlache

Etymology

From Middle English knowleche, knaweleche, cnawlece (“knowledge”), from knowen (“to know, recognise”) + -leche. Related to Middle English knowlechen (“to find out, acknowledge”). For more on the Middle English suffix -leche, compare freelage. Compare also Old English cn?wel??, cn?wel??ing (“acknowledging, acknowledgement”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?n?l?d?/
• (General American) enPR: n?l?ij, IPA^(key): /?n?l?d?/
• (obsolete) enPR: n?l?ij, IPA^(key): /?no?l?d?/
• Rhymes: -?l?d?
• Hyphenation UK: know?ledge, US: knowl?edge

Noun

knowledge (usually uncountable, plural knowledges)

1. The fact of knowing about something; general understanding or familiarity with a subject, place, situation etc. [from 14th c.]
2. Awareness of a particular fact or situation; a state of having been informed or made aware of something. [from 14th c.]
   • 1813, Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice:

     He had always intended to visit him, though to the last always assuring his wife that he should not go; and till the evening after the visit was paid she had no knowledge of it.

3. Intellectual understanding; the state of appreciating truth or information. [from 14th c.]
4. Familiarity or understanding of a particular skill, branch of learning etc. [from 14th c.]

5. (philosophical) Justified true belief
6. (archaic or law) Sexual intimacy or intercourse (now usually in phrase carnal knowledge). [from 15th c.]
   • 1573, George Gascoigne, "The Adventures of Master F.J.", An Anthology of Elizabethan Prose Fiction:

     Every time that he had knowledge of her he would leave, either in the bed, or in her cushion-cloth, or by her looking-glass, or in some place where she must needs find it, a piece of money […].

7. (obsolete) Information or intelligence about something; notice. [15th-18th c.]
   • 1580, Edward Hayes, "Sir Humphrey Gilbert's Voyage to Newfoundland", Voyages and Travels Ancient and Modern, ed. Charles W Eliot, Cosimo 2005, p. 280:

     Item, if any ship be in danger […], every man to bear towards her, answering her with one light for a short time, and so to put it out again; thereby to give knowledge that they have seen her token.

8. The total of what is known; all information and products of learning. [from 16th c.]

9. (countable) Something that can be known; a branch of learning; a piece of information; a science. [from 16th c.]
   • There is a great difference in the delivery of the mathematics, which are the most abstracted of knowledges.

10. (obsolete) Acknowledgement. [14th-16th c.]
11. (obsolete) Notice, awareness. [17th c.]
    • 1611, The Bible, Authorized Version, Ruth II.10:

      Then she fell on her face, and bowed herself to the ground, and said unto him, Why have I found grace in thine eyes, that thou shouldest take knowledge of me, seeing I am a stranger?

12. (Britain, informal) The deep familiarity with certain routes and places of interest required by taxicab drivers working in London, England.
    • 2002, Malcolm Bobbitt, Taxi! - The Story of the London Cab

      There is only one sure way to memorise the runs and that is to follow them, either on foot, cycle or motor cycle; hence, the familiar sight of would-be cabbies learning the knowledge during evenings and weekends.

Quotations

• 1996, Jan Jindy Pettman, Worlding Women: A feminist international politics, pages ix-x:

  There are by now many feminisms (Tong, 1989; Humm, 1992). […] They are in shifting alliance or contest with postmodern critiques, which at times seem to threaten the very category 'women' and its possibilities for a feminist politics. These debates inform this attempt at worlding women—moving beyond white western power centres and their dominant knowledges […].

Usage notes

• Adjectives often used with “knowledge”: extensive, deep, superficial, theoretical, practical, useful, working, encyclopedic, public, private, scientific, tacit, explicit, general, specialized, special, broad, declarative, procedural, innate, etc.

Synonyms

• awareness
• cognizance
• ken
• knowingness
• learning

Antonyms

• ignorance

Hyponyms

Derived terms

Related terms

• know
• knowing

Translations

Verb

knowledge (third-person singular simple present knowledges, present participle knowledging, simple past and past participle knowledged)

1. (obsolete) To confess as true; to acknowledge. [13th-17th c.]
   • 1526, Bible, tr. William Tyndale, Matthew 3:

     Then went oute to hym Jerusalem, and all Jury, and all the region rounde aboute Jordan, and were baptised of hym in Jordan, knoledging their synnes.

See also

• data
• erudition
• information
• know-how
• perception
• wisdom

Further reading

• knowledge in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• knowledge in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d??n/
• Rhymes: -?n
• Homophone: Jen

Etymology 1

Clipping of general

Noun

gen (uncountable)

1. (chiefly Britain, informal) Information.
   • 2015, Nicholas Whittaker, Platform Souls: The Trainspotter as 20th-Century Hero

     Nose around any modest-sized station and the odds are you'll find that the chargeman's office doubles as a bashers' club, a place where shivering spotters can get warm and catch up on the gen.

2. (birdwatching) Information about the location of a bird.
3. (fandom slang) Fan fiction that does not specifically focus on romance or sex.

Synonyms

• (fan fiction): genfic

See also

• genned in
• gen up

Etymology 2

Noun

gen (plural gens)

1. Alternative letter-case form of Gen

Etymology 3

Shortened from generate and generator.

Verb

gen (third-person singular simple present gens, present participle genning, simple past and past participle genned)

1. To generate using an automated process, especially a computer program.

Noun

gen (plural gens)

1. (slang) A generator (device that converts mechanical to electrical energy).

   Synonym: genny

Etymology 4

Shortened from genetic engineering

Verb

gen (third-person singular simple present gens, present participle genning, simple past and past participle genned)

1. (science fiction) To genetically engineer.

Etymology 5

Etymology unknown. Possibilities include:

• Clipping of argent
• Clipping of generalise, from back slang for English shilling.

Noun

gen (plural gens)

1. (obsolete, Britain, slang) A shilling.

Etymology 6

Clipping of generation.

Noun

gen (plural gens)

1. (informal) A specific version of something in a chronological sequence.

Derived terms

• next-gen

Anagrams

• ENG, Eng., eng, neg, neg.

Catalan

Etymology

From German Gen

Pronunciation

• (Balearic) IPA^(key): /???n/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /???n/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /?d??en/

Noun

gen m (plural gens)

1. gene

Related terms

• genètic
• genètica
• genetista
• gènic
• genoma
• genotip

Czech

Etymology

From German Gen.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [???n]
• Hyphenation: gen
• Rhymes: -?n

Noun

gen m inan

1. gene

Declension

Related terms

• genový
• genetika
• genetický

Further reading

• gen in P?íru?ní slovník jazyka ?eského, 1935–1957
• gen in Slovník spisovného jazyka ?eského, 1960–1971, 1989

Danish

Etymology 1

From German Gen, from Ancient Greek ????? (geneá, “generation, descent”), from the aorist infinitive of ???????? (gígnomai, “I come into being”). Coined by the Danish biologist Wilhelm Ludvig Johannsen in a German-language publication.

Noun

gen n (singular definite genet, plural indefinite gener)

1. (genetics) gene

Declension

Etymology 2

Verb

gen

1. imperative of genne

References

• “gen” in Den Danske Ordbog

Dutch

Etymology

From German Gen, from Ancient Greek ????? (geneá, “generation, descent”), from the aorist infinitive of ???????? (gígnomai, “I come into being”). Coined by the Danish biologist Wilhelm Ludvig Johannsen in a German-language publication.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??n/

Noun

gen n (plural genen)

1. gene

Anagrams

• eng

German

Etymology

From Middle High German g?n, gein, from gegen with elision of intervocalic -g- (compare Getreide, Maid). Doublet of German gegen (“against”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?e?n/, /??n/
• Homophones: gehn, Gen (according to the first pronunciation)

Preposition

gen (governs the accusative)

1. (literary, somewhat dated) in the direction; to; towards (a place or time)

Synonyms

• (in) Richtung (place); gegen (time)

Further reading

• “gen” in Duden online

Haitian Creole

Verb

gen

1. Contraction of genyen.

Icelandic

Etymology

From German Gen

Noun

gen n (genitive singular gens, nominative plural gen)

1. gene

Declension

Japanese

Noun

gen

1. R?maji transcription of ??
2. R?maji transcription of ??

Mandarin

Romanization

gen

1. Nonstandard spelling of g?n.
2. Nonstandard spelling of gén.
3. Nonstandard spelling of g?n.
4. Nonstandard spelling of gèn.

Usage notes

• English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

Middle English

Preposition

gen

1. Alternative form of gain (“against”)

Norwegian Bokmål

Noun

gen n (definite singular genet, indefinite plural gener, definite plural gena or genene)

1. (biology) a gene

Usage notes

• Prior to a revision in 2020, this noun was also considered grammatically masculine. The form genen was then made obsolete.

References

• “gen” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

gen n (definite singular genet, indefinite plural gen, definite plural gena)

1. (biology) a gene

Usage notes

• Prior to a revision in 2020, this noun was also considered grammatically masculine. The forms genen, genar, and genane were then made obsolete.

References

• “gen” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *ju.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /je?n/

Adverb

??n

1. still, yet
2. again, further

Old Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??en/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *g?enom.

Noun

gen n or f

1. smile, laugh
2. sport, levity

Inflection

The Dictionary of the Irish Language believes that this was a u-stem, while Matasovi? disputes this classification due to a lack of u-infected attestations, declaring it an o-stem. All forms except the nominative are unattested. Both possibilities will be presented here.

Derived terms

• gentraige

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

gen f

1. sword

Inflection

Mutation

References

Old Occitan

Adjective

gen m (feminine singular genta, masculine plural gens, feminine plural gentas)

1. attractive; pleasing; nice; fair; pleasant
   • 12th century, Bernard de Ventadour^(Wikisource)

     Lo gens tems de pascor

     The pleasant time of Easter

References

• von Wartburg, Walther (1928–2002) , “genitus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 40, page 103

Polish

Etymology

From German Gen

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??n/

Noun

gen m inan

1. gene

Declension

Further reading

• gen in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

Etymology

From Latin genus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d??en/
• Rhymes: -en

Noun

gen n (plural genuri)

1. gender
2. type, sort, kind
3. way, style, manner
4. (biological category) genus, species, family

Synonyms

• (gender): sex
• (type, kind, way): fel, stil
• (species): specie

Spanish

Etymology

From German Gen

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?xen/, [?x?n]

Noun

gen m (plural genes)

1. gene

Swedish

Etymology 1

From Old Norse gegn (“straight, direct”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /je?n/

Adjective

gen (comparative genare, superlative genast)

1. gain; short, direct

Related terms

• gena
• genväg

Etymology 2

From German Gen

Noun

gen c

1. gene

Declension

Related terms

• genetik
• genom

Anagrams

• eng.

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English again

Adverb

gen

1. again

Turkish

Etymology 1

From Proto-Turkic *g?? (“wide, broad”).

Cognate withYakut ???? (kie?, “wide”), Bashkir ??? (kiñ), Kazakh ??? (keñ), etc.

Adjective

gen (comparative daha gen, superlative en gen)

1. (obsolete, dialectal) wide

Synonyms

• geni?

Antonyms

• dar

Etymology 2

Noun

gen (definite accusative geni, plural genler)

1. (colloquial) A field that wasn't plowed for several years.

Etymology 3

Borrowed from French gene.

Noun

gen (definite accusative geni, plural genler)

1. (biology) gene

Declension

Vietnamese

Alternative forms

• gien

Pronunciation

• (Hà N?i) IPA^(key): [z?n??], [??n??]
• (Hu?) IPA^(key): [j????], [?????]
• (H? Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [j????], [?????]
• Phonetic: gien, gen

Noun

gen

1. gene

Note

This is one of the rare cases in which a word's pronunciation differs from its spelling.

Vurës

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??n/

Verb

gen

1. to eat

Welsh

Pronoun

gen

1. first-person singular of gan
2. second-person singular of gan

Westrobothnian

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *i?niperus, from Latin i?niperus. Cognate with Icelandic einir, Faroese eini(ber), Danish ene, Swedish en, Norwegian eine.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²je?n/, /²je??/

  Rhymes: -è?n

Noun

gen m

1. juniper

Derived terms

• genber
• genlag

Zhuang

Etymology

From Proto-Tai *qe?n? (“arm”). Cognate with Thai ??? (k???n), Northern Thai ????, Lao ??? (kh?n), Lü ??? (?aen), Tai Dam ???, Shan ???? (kh?en).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Zhuang) IPA^(key): /ke?n??/
• Tone numbers: gen¹
• Hyphenation: gen

Noun

gen (old orthography gen)

1. (anatomy) arm

Zou

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?en?/

Verb

gen

1. (transitive) to say

References

• Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 41