different between case vs record

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ke?s/
• Rhymes: -e?s
• Hyphenation: case

Etymology 1

Middle English cas, from Old French cas (“an event”), from Latin c?sus (“a falling, a fall; accident, event, occurrence; occasion, opportunity; noun case”), perfect passive participle of cad? (“to fall, to drop”).

Noun

case (plural cases)

1. An actual event, situation, or fact.
2. (now rare) A given condition or state.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, III.10:

     Ne wist he how to turne, nor to what place: / Was never wretched man in such a wofull cace.

   • 1726, Nathan Bailey, John Worlidge, Dictionarium Rusticum, Urbanicum & Botanicum

     Mares which are over-fat, hold with much difficulty; whereas those that are but in good case and plump, conceive with the greatest readiness and ease.

3. A piece of work, specifically defined within a profession.
4. (academia) An instance or event as a topic of study.
6. (law) A legal proceeding, lawsuit.
7. (grammar) A specific inflection of a word depending on its function in the sentence.

   • Now, the Subject of either an indicative or a subjunctive Clause is always assigned Nominative case, as we see from:
     (16) (a) ? I know [that they/*them/*their leave for Hawaii tomorrow]
     (16) (b) ? I demand [that they/*them/*their leave for Hawaii tomorrow]
     By contrast, the Subject of an infinitive Clause is assigned Objective case, as we see from:
     (17) ? I want [them/*they/*their to leave for Hawaii tomorrow]
     And the Subject of a gerund Clause is assigned either Objective or Genitive case: cf.
     (18) ? I don't like the idea of [them/their/*they leaving for Hawaii tomorrow]

8. (grammar, uncountable) Grammatical cases and their meanings taken either as a topic in general or within a specific language.

9. (medicine) An instance of a specific condition or set of symptoms.

10. (programming) A section of code representing one of the actions of a conditional switch.

Synonyms

Hyponyms

• court case
• See also Thesaurus:grammatical case

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

case (third-person singular simple present cases, present participle casing, simple past and past participle cased)

1. (obsolete) to propose hypothetical cases

See also

• Appendix:Grammatical cases

References

• case on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Etymology 2

From Middle English cas, from Old Northern French casse, (compare Old French chasse (“box, chest, case”)), from Latin capsa (“box, bookcase”), from capi? (“to take, seize, hold”). Doublet of cash.

Noun

case (plural cases)

2. A box that contains or can contain a number of identical items of manufacture.
3. A box, sheath, or covering generally.

4. A piece of luggage that can be used to transport an apparatus such as a sewing machine.
5. An enclosing frame or casing.

6. A suitcase.
7. A piece of furniture, constructed partially of transparent glass or plastic, within which items can be displayed.
8. The outer covering or framework of a piece of apparatus such as a computer.
9. (printing, historical) A shallow tray divided into compartments or "boxes" for holding type, traditionally arranged in sets of two, the "upper case" (containing capitals, small capitals, accented) and "lower case" (small letters, figures, punctuation marks, quadrats, and spaces).
10. (typography, by extension) The nature of a piece of alphabetic type, whether a “capital” (upper case) or “small” (lower case) letter.
11. (poker slang) Four of a kind.
12. (US) A unit of liquid measure used to measure sales in the beverage industry, equivalent to 192 fluid ounces.
13. (mining) A small fissure which admits water into the workings.

    (Can we find and add a quotation of Knight to this entry?)

14. A thin layer of harder metal on the surface of an object whose deeper metal is allowed to remain soft.
15. A cardboard box that holds (usually 24) beer bottles or cans.

    Synonym: carton

Hyponyms

Translations

References

• Weisenberg, Michael (2000) The Official Dictionary of Poker. MGI/Mike Caro University. ?ISBN

Adjective

case (not comparable)

1. (poker slang) The last remaining card of a particular rank.
   • 2006, David Apostolico, Lessons from the Professional Poker Tour (page 21)

     If he did have a bigger ace, I still had at least six outs — the case ace, two nines, and three tens. I could also have more outs if he held anything less than A-K.

References

• Weisenberg, Michael (2000) The Official Dictionary of Poker. MGI/Mike Caro University. ?ISBN

Verb

case (third-person singular simple present cases, present participle casing, simple past and past participle cased)

1. (transitive) To place (an item or items of manufacture) into a box, as in preparation for shipment.
2. (transitive) To cover or protect with, or as if with, a case; to enclose.
   • 1856-1858, William H. Prescott, History of the Reign of Philip II

     The man who, cased in steel, had passed whole days and nights in the saddle.

3. (transitive, informal) To survey (a building or other location) surreptitiously, as in preparation for a robbery.
   • 1977, Michael Innes, The Gay Phoenix, ?ISBN, page 116:

     You are in the grounds of Brockholes Abbey, a house into which a great deal of valuable property has just been moved. And your job is to case the joint for a break in.

   • 2014, Amy Goodman, From COINTELPRO to Snowden, the FBI Burglars Speak Out After 43 Years of Silence (Part 2), Democracy Now!, January 8, 2014, 0:49 to 0:57:

     Bonnie worked as a daycare director. She helped case the FBI office by posing as a college student interested in becoming an FBI agent.

Translations

Derived terms

• case the deck

Anagrams

• ACEs, ASCE, Aces, Ceas, ESCA, SCEA, aces, aesc, esca, æsc

Afar

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /???se/

Verb

casé

1. (transitive) hit

Conjugation

References

• Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)?^[2], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis), page 263

Asturian

Verb

case

1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive of casar

Chinese

Alternative forms

• K?

Etymology

Borrowed from English case.

Pronunciation

Noun

case

1. (Hong Kong Cantonese) case (clarification of this definition is needed)
   • 2015, ???, ????????? II??????????

     ????case???????????????case?? [Cantonese, trad.]
     ????case???????????????case?? [Cantonese, simp.]

     ni¹ go³ hou² do¹ kei¹ si² gaa³. ni¹ jat¹ go³, zau⁶ hai⁶ zoeng¹ gwok³ wing⁴, jau⁵ gam² go³ kei¹ si² laa¹. [Jyutping]

     That kind of case happens often. It happened with Leslie Cheung.

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin casa, in the sense of "hut, cabin". The other senses are a semantic loan from Spanish casa. Doublet of chez, which was inherited.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /k?z/
• Homophone: cases

Noun

case f (plural cases)

1. (archaic, rare or regional) hut, cabin, shack
2. box (on form)
3. square (on board game)

Derived terms

• case départ
• case à cocher

Further reading

• “case” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• à sec

Galician

Alternative forms

• caixe

Etymology

Attested since the 15th century (quasy), from Latin quasi (“as if”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?k?s?]

Adverb

case

1. almost

References

• “quasy” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
• “case” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006-2013.
• “case” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “case” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Italian

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: ca?se

Noun

case f

1. plural of casa

Anagrams

• asce, esca, seca

Lower Sorbian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?t?sas?/, [?t?sas?]

Noun

case

1. nominative/accusative plural of cas

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch *k?si, from late Proto-West Germanic *k?s?, borrowed from Latin c?seus.

Noun

câse m or n

1. cheese

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Alternative forms

• kese (eastern)

Descendants

• Dutch: kaas
  • Afrikaans: kaas
    • ? Sotho: kase
    • ? Tswana: kase
  • ? Papiamentu: keshi (from the diminutive)
  • ? Sranan Tongo: kasi
• Limburgish: kieës, kees

Further reading

• “case”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929) , “case (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, ?ISBN, page I

Old French

Noun

case m (oblique plural cases, nominative singular cases, nominative plural case)

1. (grammar) case

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: ca?se
• Rhymes: -azi

Verb

case

1. first-person singular (eu) present subjunctive of casar
2. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) present subjunctive of casar
3. third-person singular (você) affirmative imperative of casar
4. third-person singular (você) negative imperative of casar

Romanian

Noun

case

1. plural of cas?

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?kase/, [?ka.se]

Verb

case

1. Formal second-person singular (usted) imperative form of casar.
2. First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of casar.
3. Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of casar.
4. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present subjunctive form of casar.

Venetian

Noun

case

1. plural of casa

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English, borrowed from Old French record, from recorder. See record (verb).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /???k??d/
• (General American) enPR: r?k??rd, IPA^(key): /???k?d/
• Rhymes: -?k??(?)d, -?k?(?)d
• Hyphenation: rec?ord

Noun

record (plural records)

1. An item of information put into a temporary or permanent physical medium.

2. Any instance of a physical medium on which information was put for the purpose of preserving it and making it available for future reference.

   Synonym: log

3. Ellipsis of phonograph record: a disc, usually made from vinyl, on which sound is recorded and may be replayed on a phonograph.

   Synonyms: disc, phonograph record, vinyl

4. (computing) A set of data relating to a single individual or item.
5. The most extreme known value of some variable, particularly that of an achievement in competitive events.

Hyponyms

Derived terms

• record book
• record-breaking

Related terms

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English recorden (“to repeat, to report”), borrowed from Old French recorder (“to get by heart”), from Latin record?r?, present active infinitive of recordor (“remember, call to mind”), from re- (“back, again”) + cor (“heart; mind”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /???k??d/
• (General American) enPR: r?-kôrd?, r?-kôrd?, IPA^(key): /???k??d/, /?i?k??d/
• Rhymes: -??(?)d
• Hyphenation: re?cord

Verb

record (third-person singular simple present records, present participle recording, simple past and past participle recorded)

1. (transitive) To make a record of information.

   I wanted to record every detail of what happened, for the benefit of future generations.
2. (transitive) To make an audio or video recording of.

   Within a week they had recorded both the song and the video for it.
3. (transitive, law) To give legal status to by making an official public record.

   When the deed was recorded, we officially owned the house.

4. (intransitive) To fix in a medium, usually in a tangible medium.
5. (intransitive) To make an audio, video, or multimedia recording.
6. (transitive, intransitive, obsolete) To repeat; to practice.
7. (transitive, intransitive, obsolete) To sing or repeat a tune.
   • 1595, George Peele, The Old Wives’ Tale, The Malone Society Reprints, 1908, lines 741-742,^[4]

     Come Berecynthia, let vs in likewise,

     And heare the Nightingale record hir notes.

   • 1600, Edward Fairfax (translator), Godfrey of Bulloigne, or The Recouerie of Ierusalem by Torquato Tasso, London: I. Iaggard and M. Lownes, Book 2, p. 39,^[5]

     They long’d to see the day, to heare the larke

     Record her hymnes and chant her carols blest,

   • c. 1608, William Shakespeare, Pericles, Prince of Tyre, Act IV, Prologue,^[6]

     […] to the lute

     She sung, and made the night-bird mute,

     That still records with moan;

   • 1616, William Browne, Britannia’s Pastorals, London: John Haviland, 1625, Book 2, Song 4, p. 129,^[7]

     […] the Nymph did earnestly contest

     Whether the Birds or she recorded best […]

8. (obsolete) To reflect; to ponder.
   • 1655, Thomas Fuller, The Church-History of Britain from the Birth of Jesus Christ until the Year M.DC.XLVIII, London: John Williams, Book 5, Section 3, page 204,^[8]

     […] he was […] carried to the Scaffold on the Tower-hill […] , himself praying all the way, and recording upon the words which he before had read.

Derived terms

Antonyms

• (make a record of information): erase
• (make an audio or video recording of): erase

Translations

Anagrams

• Corder

Catalan

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -??t

Noun

record m (plural records)

1. memory, recollection of events
2. souvenir

See also

• rècord

Dutch

Pronunciation

Noun

record n (plural records, diminutive recordje n)

1. record

Descendants

• ? Indonesian: rekor

French

Etymology

From English record.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??.k??/

Noun

record m (plural records)

1. record (most extreme known value of some achievement)

   Le record du saut en hauteur a été battu par Javier Sotomayor en 1993.

Further reading

• “record” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• corder

Italian

Etymology

From English record.

Noun

record m (invariable)

1. record (sporting achievement; computer data element)

Further reading

• record in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Portuguese

Noun

record m (plural records)

1. Alternative form of recorde

Adjective

record (invariable, comparable)

1. Alternative form of recorde

Romanian

Etymology

From French record.

Noun

record n (plural recorduri)

1. record (achievement)

Declension

Spanish

Noun

record m (plural records)

1. Misspelling of récord.
2. record

Welsh

Etymology

From English record.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?r?k?rd/

Noun

record f (plural recordiau, not mutable)

1. record

Derived terms

• record byd (“world record”)
• recordio (“to record”)
• recordiad (“recording”)

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present) , “record”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies