different between cardinal vs inherent

English

Etymology

From Middle French cardinal, from Latin cardin?lis (“pertaining to a hinge, hence applied to that on which something turns or depends, important, principal, chief”), from card? (“hinge”) + -?lis, adjectival suffix.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?k??.d?.n?l/, /?k??d.n?l/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?k??d?n?l/, /?k??dn?l/

Adjective

cardinal (comparative more cardinal, superlative most cardinal)

1. Of fundamental importance; crucial, pivotal.
   • 1613, William Shakespeare, Henry VIII (play),

     But cardinal sins, and hollow hearts, I fear ye.

   • a. 1631, Michael Drayton, To my noble friend Mr. William Brown, of the evil time

     Impudence is now a cardinal virtue.

2. (nautical) Of or relating to the cardinal directions (north, south, east and west).

3. Describing a "natural" number used to indicate quantity (e.g., zero, one, two, three), as opposed to an ordinal number indicating relative position.
4. Having a bright red color (from the color of a Catholic cardinal's cassock).

Translations

Noun

cardinal (plural cardinals)

1. (Roman Catholicism) One of the officials appointed by the pope in the Roman Catholic Church, ranking only below the pope and the patriarchs, constituting the special college which elects the pope. (See Wikipedia article on Catholic cardinals.)
2. Any of a genus of songbirds of the finch family, Cardinalis.
3. Any of various related passerine birds of the family Cardinalidae (See Wikipedia article on cardinals) and other similar birds that were once considered to be related.

   • Breezes blowing from beds of iris quickened her breath with their perfume; she saw the tufted lilacs sway in the wind, and the streamers of mauve-tinted wistaria swinging, all a-glisten with golden bees; she saw a crimson cardinal winging through the foliage, and amorous tanagers flashing like scarlet flames athwart the pines.

4. (color) A deep red color, somewhat less vivid than scarlet, the traditional colour of a Catholic cardinal's cassock. (same as cardinal red)
5. (mathematics) Short for cardinal number, a number indicating quantity, or the size of a set (e.g., zero, one, two, three). (See Wikipedia article on Cardinal number.)
   • 1920, Bertrand Russell, Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy, p.83:

     This cardinal number is the smallest of the infinite cardinal numbers; it is the one to which Cantor has appropriated the Hebrew aleph with the suffix 0, to distinguish it from larger infinite cardinals. Thus the name of the smallest of infinite cardinals is ₀?.

6. (grammar) Short for cardinal numeral, a word used to represent a cardinal number.
   • 2005, Frederic M. Wheelock, Wheelock's Latin, 6th ed. revised, p.97:

     The commonest numerals in Latin, as in English, are the "cardinals" […] and the "ordinals" […].

7. Short for cardinal flower (Lobelia cardinalis), a flowering plant.
8. Short for cardinal tetra (Paracheirodon axelrodi), a freshwater fish.
9. (now historical) A woman's short cloak with a hood, originally made of scarlet cloth.
   • 1775, Richard Brinsley Sheridan, The Duenna, I.3:

     She has valuables of mine; besides, my cardinal and veil are in her room.

   • c. 1760, Robert Lloyd, Chit-Chat, an imitation of Theocritus

     Where's your cardinal! Make haste.
10. (obsolete) Mulled red wine.

Derived terms

Translations

References

• (woman's cloak; mulled red wine): Hotten's Slang Dictionary (1873)

See also

• (reds) red; blood red, brick red, burgundy, cardinal, carmine, carnation, cerise, cherry, cherry red, Chinese red, cinnabar, claret, crimson, damask, fire brick, fire engine red, flame, flamingo, fuchsia, garnet, geranium, gules, hot pink, incarnadine, Indian red, magenta, maroon, misty rose, nacarat, oxblood, pillar-box red, pink, Pompeian red, poppy, raspberry, red violet, rose, rouge, ruby, ruddy, salmon, sanguine, scarlet, shocking pink, stammel, strawberry, Turkey red, Venetian red, vermillion, vinaceous, vinous, violet red, wine ^{(Category: en:Reds)}
• Contrast with ordinal (numbers)
• Card. (abbreviation)

Anagrams

• Clarinda

Catalan

Pronunciation

• (Balearic) IPA^(key): /k??.di?nal/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /k?r.di?nal/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /ka?.di?nal/

Adjective

cardinal (feminine cardinala, masculine plural cardinals, feminine plural cardinales)

1. cardinal

Derived terms

• punt cardinal

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin cardin?lis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ka?.di.nal/

Adjective

cardinal (feminine singular cardinale, masculine plural cardinaux, feminine plural cardinales)

1. Important; paramount.
2. (mathematics) cardinal.

Derived terms

• point cardinal

Noun

cardinal m (plural cardinaux)

1. (religion) cardinal.
2. Cardinal number.
3. Cardinal (bird).

Noun

cardinal m (plural cardinal)

1. cardinal (color).

Further reading

• “cardinal” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Italian

Noun

cardinal m (invariable)

1. Apocopic form of cardinale

Anagrams

• calandri

Middle French

Noun

cardinal m (plural cardinauls)

1. (Christianity) cardinal.

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ka?.d??i?naw/
• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ka?.ði?na?/
• Hyphenation: car?di?nal

Adjective

cardinal m or f (plural cardinais, comparable)

1. cardinal (describing a number that indicates quantity)

   Synonym: cardeal

Noun

cardinal m (plural cardinais)

1. cardinal (number indicating quantity)

   Synonym: cardeal

2. (typography) hash (the # symbol)

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French cardinal, Latin cardin?lis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kar.di?nal/

Adjective

cardinal m or n (feminine singular cardinal?, masculine plural cardinali, feminine and neuter plural cardinale)

1. principal, essential, fundamental

Declension

Synonyms

• capital, crucial, decisiv, esen?ial, fundamental

Derived terms

• numeral cardinal
• punct cardinal
• ro?u cardinal, ro?u-cardinal
• virtu?i cardinale

Noun

cardinal m (plural cardinali)

1. (religion) cardinal
2. cardinal (bird)
3. a variety of grape, cultivated for consumption

Declension

Derived terms

• cardinalat
• cardinalist

References

• cardinal in DEX online - Dic?ionare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin cardin?lis, cardin?li.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ka?di?nal/, [ka?.ð?i?nal]
• Rhymes: -al
• Hyphenation: car?di?nal

Adjective

cardinal (plural cardinales)

1. cardinal (crucial, pivotal)

   Synonym: fundamental

2. cardinal (describing a number used to indicate quantity)

   Antonym: ordinal

Derived terms

Related terms

• cardenal

Further reading

• “cardinal” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.

English

Alternative forms

• inhærent (archaic)

Etymology

From Latin inhaerentem, accusative singular of inhaer?ns, present active participle of inhaere? (“I am closely connected with; adhere to”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?n?h????nt/, /?n?h???nt/

Adjective

inherent (not comparable)

1. Naturally as part or consequence of something.

   Synonyms: inbuilt, ingrained, intrinsic; see also Thesaurus:intrinsic

   Antonyms: extrinsic; see also Thesaurus:extrinsic

Usage notes

• Not to be confused with inherit.

Derived terms

• inherent vice
• inherently

Related terms

Translations

Further reading

• inherent in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• inherent in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin inhaer?ns.

Adjective

inherent (masculine and feminine plural inherents)

1. inherent

Derived terms

• inherentment

Further reading

• “inherent” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “inherent” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
• “inherent” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “inherent” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.