different between abdicate vs leave

English

Etymology

• First attested in 1541.
• From Latin abdic?tus (“renounced”), perfect passive participle of abdic? (“renounce, reject, disclaim”), formed from ab (“away”) + dic? (“proclaim, dedicate, declare”), akin to d?c? (“say”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?æb.d??ke?t/

Verb

abdicate (third-person singular simple present abdicates, present participle abdicating, simple past and past participle abdicated)

1. (transitive, obsolete) To disclaim and expel from the family, as a father his child; to disown; to disinherit. [Attested from the mid 16^th century until the early 19^th century.]
2. (transitive, reflexive, obsolete) To formally separate oneself from or to divest oneself of. [First attested from the mid 16^th century until the late 17^th century.]
3. (transitive, obsolete) To depose. [Attested from the early 17^th century until the late 18^th century.]
4. (transitive, obsolete) To reject; to cast off; to discard. [Attested from the mid 16^th century until the late 17^th century.]
   • May 29 1647, Joseph Hall, Hard Measure

     betray and abdicate the due right both of ourselves and successors

5. (transitive) To surrender, renounce or relinquish, as sovereign power; to withdraw definitely from filling or exercising, as a high office, station, dignity; to fail to fulfill responsibility for. [First attested in the mid 17^th century.]

   Note: The word abdicate was held to mean, in the case of James II, to abandon without a formal surrender.
6. (intransitive) To relinquish or renounce a throne, or other high office or dignity; to renounce sovereignty. [First attested in the early 18^th century.]

Synonyms

Antonyms

• claim
• grasp
• maintain
• occupy
• retain
• seize
• usurp

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

References

• abdicate in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.

Italian

Verb

abdicate

1. second-person plural present indicative of abdicare
2. second-person plural imperative of abdicare

Latin

Verb

abdic?te

1. second-person plural present active imperative of abdic?

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /li?v/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /liv/
• Rhymes: -i?v

Etymology 1

From Middle English leven, from Old English l?fan (“to leave”), from Proto-Germanic *laibijan? (“to let stay, leave”), causative of *l?ban? (“to stay, remain”), from Proto-Indo-European *leyp- (“to stick; fat”). Cognate with Old Frisian l?va (“to leave”), Old Saxon l?vian, Old High German leiban (“to leave”), Old Norse leifa (“to leave over”) (whence Icelandic leifa (“to leave food uneaten”)), lifna (“to be left”) (whence Danish levne). More at lave, belive.

Verb

leave (third-person singular simple present leaves, present participle leaving, simple past and past participle left)

1. To have a consequence or remnant.
   1. (transitive) To cause or allow (something) to remain as available; to refrain from taking (something) away; to stop short of consuming or otherwise depleting (something) entirely.
   2. (transitive or intransitive, copulative) To cause, to result in.
   3. (transitive) To put; to place; to deposit; to deliver, with a sense of withdrawing oneself.

      • Leave there thy gift before the altar and go thy way.

      • The foot / That leaves the print of blood where'er it walks.

2. To depart; to separate from.
   1. To let be or do without interference.

   2. (transitive) To depart from; to end one's connection or affiliation with.
   3. (transitive) To end one's membership in (a group); to terminate one's affiliation with (an organization); to stop participating in (a project).
      • 2018, The Independent, "Brexit: Theresa May 'not bluffing' in threat to leave EU without a deal, Tory minister Liam Fox says"

        If we were to leave, the economic impact on a number of European countries would be severe.

   4. (intransitive) To depart; to go away from a certain place or state.

3. To transfer something.
   1. (transitive) To transfer possession of after death.

   2. (transitive) To give (something) to someone; to deliver (something) to a repository; to deposit.

   3. (transitive) To transfer responsibility or attention of (something) (to someone); to stop being concerned with.

4. (intransitive, obsolete) To remain (behind); to stay.
   • Carried somehow, somewhither, for some reason, on these surging floods, were these travelers, […]. Even such a boat as the Mount Vernon offered a total deck space so cramped as to leave secrecy or privacy well out of the question, even had the motley and democratic assemblage of passengers been disposed to accord either.

5. (transitive, archaic) To stop, desist from; to "leave off" (+ noun / gerund).
   • 1526, William Tyndale, trans. Bible, Luke V:

     When he had leeft speakynge, he sayde vnto Simon: Cary vs into the depe, and lett slippe thy nette to make a draught.

   • 1716 Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, The Basset-Table. An Eclogue.[1]

     Now leave Complaining, and begin your Tea.

Conjugation

Synonyms

• (to end one's connection with): depart, forget, leave behind

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 2

Formed in English by conversion (anthimeria) of the transitive verb leave (“cause or allow to remain available”). Attested since the 19th century, with earliest references to billiards.

Noun

leave (plural leaves)

1. (cricket) The action of the batsman not attempting to play at the ball.
2. (billiards) The arrangement of balls in play that remains after a shot is made (which determines whether the next shooter — who may be either the same player, or an opponent — has good options, or only poor ones).

Etymology 3

From Middle English leve, from Old English l?af (“permission, privilege”), from Proto-Germanic *laub?, *laub? (“permission, privilege, favour, worth”), from Proto-Indo-European *lewb?- (“to love, hold dear”). Cognate with obsolete German Laube (“permission”), Swedish lov (“permission”), Icelandic leyfi (“permission”). Related to Dutch verlof, German Erlaubnis. See also love.

Noun

leave (countable and uncountable, plural leaves)

1. Permission to be absent; time away from one's work.

3. (dated or law) Permission.
4. (dated) Farewell, departure.

Synonyms

• (permission to be absent): annual leave, holiday; see also Thesaurus:vacation
• (permission): authorisation, consent

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 4

From Middle English leven, from Old English l?efan (“to allow, grant, concede; believe, trust, confide in”), from Proto-Germanic *laubijan? (“to allow, praise”), from Proto-Indo-European *lewb?- (“to love, hold dear”). Cognate with German lauben (“to allow, believe”), Icelandic leyfa (“to allow”).

Verb

leave (third-person singular simple present leaves, present participle leaving, simple past and past participle leaved or left)

1. (transitive) To give leave to; allow; permit; let; grant.

Etymology 5

From Middle English leven, from lef (“leaf”). More at leaf.

Verb

leave (third-person singular simple present leaves, present participle leaving, simple past and past participle leaved)

1. (intransitive, rare) To produce leaves or foliage.
   • 1868, Edward Fitzgerald, The Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám, 2nd edition:

     Each Morn a thousand Roses brings, you say:

     Yes, but where leaves the Rose of Yesterday?

Synonyms

• leaf (verb)

Translations

Etymology 6

From French lever. Compare levy. Compare also Middle English leve, a variant of levy that may have been monosyllabic.

Verb

leave (third-person singular simple present leaves, present participle leaving, simple past and past participle leaved)

1. (obsolete) To raise; to levy.

References

• leave in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• leave in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.

Anagrams

• Veale, veale