different between cadre vs grade
cadre
English
Etymology
Borrowed from French cadre, from Italian quadro (“framed painting, square”), from Latin quadrum, from quattuor (“four”). The American pronunciations in /e?/ may be due to a mistaken assumption that this word comes from Spanish or Italian, when in fact it is strictly French (the Spanish and Italian equivalents are respectively cuadro and quadro).
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /?k??.d?/, /?k??.d??/
- (US) IPA(key): /?k?.d?e?/, /?kæd.?e?/, /?k?.d??/, /?kæd.?i/, /?k?.d?i/, /?k?.d??/
Noun
cadre (plural cadres)
- A frame or framework.
- 1848, Parliamentary Papers (volume 27, page 283)
- […] He took away the frame itself, as well as the notice.
Mr. MacCulloch. I recollect Mr. Dobrée stating that his reason for taking the cadre was, that the notice was pasted, and that he could not unpaste it.
- […] He took away the frame itself, as well as the notice.
- 1848, Parliamentary Papers (volume 27, page 283)
- (military) The framework or skeleton upon which a new regiment is to be formed; the officers of a regiment forming the staff.
- (chiefly in communism) The core of a managing group, or a member of such a group.
- 1997, Jae Ho Chung, China's Provinces in Reform: Class, community and political culture, edited by David S.G. Goodman, Routledge, p. 146:
- Finally, the exchange, circulation and education of local cadres constitute another key strategy implemented by the provincial leadership in its efforts to diffuse economic development into the backward inland region.
- 1997, Jae Ho Chung, China's Provinces in Reform: Class, community and political culture, edited by David S.G. Goodman, Routledge, p. 146:
- A small group of people specially trained for a particular purpose or profession.
Translations
Anagrams
- Cedar, Cerda, Cerdà, Dacre, acred, arced, cader, cared, cedar, decar, e-card, ecard, raced
French
Etymology
From Italian quadro (“framed painting, square”), from Latin quadrum, from quattuor (“four”). Cf. Old French querre, inherited from the same source; see also carre.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /k?d?/
Noun
cadre m (plural cadres)
- frame (of a door or picture)
- backbone (of an organization)
- box, square (on a printed page)
- (business) executive
- scope, framework
- (military) cadre
- context, parameters
- frame (of a bicycle)
Derived terms
- cadrage
- cadrer
- dans le cadre de...
- décadrer
- encadrer
Related terms
- carre
- carreau
- carrer
- équerre
Descendants
- ? English: cadre
- ? German: Kader
- ? Russian: ???? (kadr)
- ? Kazakh: ???? (kadr)
Verb
cadre
- first-person singular present indicative of cadrer
- third-person singular present indicative of cadrer
- first-person singular present subjunctive of cadrer
- third-person singular present subjunctive of cadrer
- second-person singular imperative of cadrer
Further reading
- “cadre” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Anagrams
- carde
- crade
cadre From the web:
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grade
English
Etymology
Borrowed from French grade (“a grade, degree”), from Latin gradus (“a step, pace, a step in a ladder or stair, a station, position, degree”), from Proto-Indo-European *g?rad?-, *g?red?- (“to walk, go”). Cognate with Gothic ???????????????????? (griþs, “step, grade”), Bavarian Gritt (“step, stride”), Lithuanian grìdiju (“to go, wander”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /??e?d/
- Homophones: grayed, greyed
- Rhymes: -e?d
Noun
grade (plural grades)
- A rating.
- This fine-grade coin from 1837 is worth a good amount.
- (chiefly Canada, US) Performance on a test or other evaluation(s), expressed by a number, letter, or other symbol; a score.
- Synonym: mark
- A degree or level of something; a position within a scale; a degree of quality.
- There are a lot of varieties of diatomaceous earth, so when you are shopping, be sure to get the right stuff!
Make sure that you get food grade diatomaceous earth. Some people make 3% of the food they eat be diatomaceous earth.
- There are a lot of varieties of diatomaceous earth, so when you are shopping, be sure to get the right stuff!
- (linguistics) degree (Any of the three stages (positive, comparative, superlative) in the comparison of an adjective or an adverb.)
- A slope (up or down) of a roadway or other passage
- (Canada, US, education) A level of primary and secondary education.
- (Canada, education) A student of a particular grade (used with the grade level).
- An area that has been flattened by a grader (construction machine).
- The level of the ground.
- (mathematics) A gradian.
- (geometry) In a linear system of divisors on an n-dimensional variety, the number of free intersection points of n generic divisors.
- A harsh scraping or cutting; a grating.
- (systematics) A taxon united by a level of morphological or physiological complexity that is not a clade.
- (medicine) The degree of malignity of a tumor expressed on a scale.
Synonyms
- (taxon that is not a clade): paraphyletic group
Related terms
- e-grade
- gradient
- o-grade
- zero-grade
Descendants
- ? Japanese: ???? (gur?do)
Translations
Verb
grade (third-person singular simple present grades, present participle grading, simple past and past participle graded)
- (chiefly Canada, US) To assign scores to the components of an academic test.
- (chiefly Canada, US) To assign a score to overall academic performance.
- To organize in grades.
- To flatten, level, or smooth a large surface.
- (sewing) To remove or trim part of a seam allowance from a finished seam so as to reduce bulk and make the finished piece more even when turned right side out.
- (research) To apply labels to data (typically by a manual rather than automatic process).
- (intransitive) To pass imperceptibly from one grade into another.
- 1924, EM Forster, A Passage to India, Penguin 2005, p. 34:
- And there were circles even beyond these – […] humanity grading and drifting beyond the educated vision, until no earthly invitation can embrace it.
- 1924, EM Forster, A Passage to India, Penguin 2005, p. 34:
Translations
Derived terms
Anagrams
- Adger, Degar, EDGAR, Edgar, Gerda, garde, radge, raged
Afrikaans
Noun
grade
- plural of graad
Esperanto
Etymology
grado +? -e
Adverb
grade
- gradually
Synonyms
- malabrupte
French
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin gradus. Compare degré.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /??ad/
- Rhymes: -ad
- Homophone: grades
Noun
grade m (plural grades)
- rank
- (geometry) gradian
Synonyms
- degré
- rang
Derived terms
- en prendre pour son grade
- monter en grade
Related terms
- gradation
- grader
Descendants
- ? English: grade
- ? Romanian: grad
Further reading
- “grade” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Galician
Etymology
13th century. From Old Galician and Old Portuguese grade (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin cratis, cratem (“wickerwork”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /???aðe?/
Noun
grade f (plural grades)
- (archaic) cage
- grate (metal grille)
- harrow (device dragged across ploughed land to smooth the soil)
- 1474, Antonio López Ferreiro (ed.), Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática. Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 74:
- Iten, preçaron duas grades e hun chedeiro e dous temoos de cerna, a parte dos menores em quorenta :XL -? maravedis
- Item, they appraised two harrows, a cart's bed and two shafts of heartwood, the part corresponding to the kids, 40 coins
- Iten, preçaron duas grades e hun chedeiro e dous temoos de cerna, a parte dos menores em quorenta :XL -? maravedis
- 1474, Antonio López Ferreiro (ed.), Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática. Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 74:
- any similarly formed frame or structure
- common starfish (Asterias rubens)
- Synonyms: estrela do mar, rapacricas
- Ursa Major
- Synonyms: Carro, Osa Maior
Derived terms
- gradar
References
- “grade” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006-2012.
- “grade” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
- “grade” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006-2013.
- “grade” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “grade” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Portuguese
Etymology
From Old Portuguese grade, from Latin cratis, cratem, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European *krtis.
Pronunciation
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /???a.ð?/
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /???a.d?i/
- Hyphenation: gra?de
Noun
grade f (plural grades)
- grate (metal grille)
- a light fence
- harrow (device dragged across ploughed land to smooth the soil)
- grid
Verb
grade
- first-person singular (eu) present subjunctive of gradar
- third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) present subjunctive of gradar
- third-person singular (você) affirmative imperative of gradar
- third-person singular (você) negative imperative of gradar
Romanian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [??rade]
Noun
grade n
- indefinite plural of grad
Serbo-Croatian
Noun
grade (Cyrillic spelling ?????)
- vocative singular of grad
Spanish
Verb
grade
- Formal second-person singular (usted) imperative form of gradar.
- First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of gradar.
- Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of gradar.
- Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted?) present subjunctive form of gradar.
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