different between arbiter vs censor

English

Etymology

From Old French arbitre, from Latin arbiter (“a witness, judge, literally one who goes to see”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation): IPA^(key): /???b?t?(?)/

Noun

arbiter (plural arbiters)

1. A person appointed, or chosen, by parties to determine a controversy between them; an arbitrator.
   • 1931, William Bennett Munro, The government of the United States, national, state, and local, page 495

     In order to protect individual liberty there must be an arbiter between the governing powers and the governed.

2. (with of) A person or object having the power of judging and determining, or ordaining, without control; one whose power of deciding and governing is not limited.

   Television and film, not Vogue and similar magazines, are the arbiters of fashion.

3. (electronics) A component in circuitry that allocates scarce resources.

Related terms

Translations

Verb

arbiter (third-person singular simple present arbiters, present participle arbitering, simple past and past participle arbitered)

1. (transitive) To act as arbiter.
   • 2003, Jean-Benoit Nadeau, Julie Barlow, Sixty Million Frenchmen Can't be Wrong: Why We Love France But Not the French, page 116

     Worse, since there was no institution to arbiter disagreements between Parliament and the government, whenever Parliament voted against the government on the smallest issues, coalitions fragmented, and governments had to be recomposed.

Further reading

• arbiter in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• arbiter in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Anagrams

• rarebit

Latin

Etymology

Uncertain, but probably cognate to Umbrian a?putrati (“according to the judgement”, abl.sg.), corresponding to Latin arbitr?t?. Possibly from ad- + baet?, with sporadic d > r as in arvorsum, arfuise, thus originally meaning "one that goes to something in order to see or hear it". However, that verb has no certain etymology, and the Umbrian pu remains unexplained. De Vaan suggests a derivation from put? to explain the Umbrian pu, however that is still morphologically difficult since the latter is based on an adjective. The voiced b would have to be exceptional or explained by some peculiarity of the ?p sequence in Umbrian.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?ar.bi.ter/, [?ärb?t??r]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?ar.bi.ter/, [??rbit??r]

Noun

arbiter m (genitive arbitr?); second declension

1. witness, spectator, onlooker
2. (law) arbitrator, arbiter (having a wider power than a i?dex)
   1. (transferred sense) judge, umpire
3. overseer, controller, ruler

Declension

Second-declension noun (nominative singular in -er).

Related terms

• arbitr?tus
• arbitrium, arbiterium
• arbitror

Descendants

References

• “arbiter” on page 175 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) , “arbiter”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, ?ISBN, page 50

Further reading

• arbiter in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• arbiter in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• arbiter in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
• arbiter in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• arbiter in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Polish

Etymology

From Latin arbiter.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ar?b?i.t?r/

Noun

arbiter m pers

1. (law) arbiter (person appointed, or chosen, by parties to determine a controversy between them)
2. authority (person)

   Synonym: autorytet

3. (sports) referee (umpire, judge of a game)

   Synonym: s?dzia

Declension

Related terms

• (verb) arbitra?owa?
• (nouns) arbitralno??, arbitra?
• (adjectives) arbitralny, arbitra?owy
• (adverb) arbitralnie

Further reading

• arbiter in Wielki s?ownik j?zyka polskiego, Instytut J?zyka Polskiego PAN
• arbiter in Polish dictionaries at PWN

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?s?ns?/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?s?ns?/
• Homophones: censer, sensor
• Rhymes: -?ns?(?)
• Hyphenation: cens?or

Etymology 1

The noun is borrowed from Latin c?nsor (“magistrate; critic”), from c?nse? (“to give an opinion, judge; to assess, reckon; to decree, determine”) + -sor (variant of -tor (suffix forming masculine agent nouns)). C?nse? is derived from Proto-Italic *kens??, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *?ens- (“to announce, proclaim; to put in order”). The English word is cognate with Late Middle English sensour, Proto-Iranian *cánhati (“to declare; to explain”), Sanskrit ????? (?a?sati, “to declare”).

The verb is derived from the noun.

Noun

censor (plural censors)

1. (Ancient Rome, historical) One of the two magistrates who originally administered the census of citizens, and by Classical times (between the 8th century B.C.E. and the 6th century C.E.) was a high judge of public behaviour and morality.

   Synonyms: censorian, (both obsolete) censurer
2. (Ancient China, historical) A high-ranking official who was responsible for the supervision of subordinate government officials.
3. An official responsible for the removal or suppression of objectionable material (for example, if obscene or likely to incite violence) or sensitive content in books, films, correspondence, and other media.

   Synonym: (obsolete) censurer
4. (education) A college or university official whose duties vary depending on the institution.
5. (obsolete) One who censures or condemns.

   Synonym: censurer

Usage notes

Not to be confused with censer (“container for burning incense; person who perfumes with incense”) or censure (“act of condemning as wrong; official reprimand”).

Alternative forms

• censour (obsolete)

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Verb

censor (third-person singular simple present censors, present participle censoring, simple past and past participle censored)

1. (transitive) To review for, and if necessary to remove or suppress, content from books, films, correspondence, and other media which is regarded as objectionable (for example, obscene, likely to incite violence, or sensitive).

   Synonyms: bowdlerize, expurgate, expunge, redact

   Antonym: decensor

Translations

Etymology 2

From an incorrect translation of German Zensur (“censorship”).

Noun

censor (plural censors)

1. (psychology) A hypothetical subconscious agency which filters unacceptable thought before it reaches the conscious mind.

Translations

References

Further reading

• censorship on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Roman censor on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• censor (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• censor in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• censor in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.

Anagrams

• Cerons, Cosner, Crones, Oncers, crones, crosne, necros, oncers, recons, scorne, sercon

Catalan

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /s?n?so/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /sen?so?/

• Homophone: sensor

Noun

censor m (plural censors, feminine censora)

1. censor

Related terms

• censura
• censurar

Further reading

• “censor” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin censor.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?s?n.z?r/
• Hyphenation: cen?sor
• Rhymes: -?nz?r
• Homophone: sensor

Noun

censor m (plural censors, diminutive censortje n)

1. censor

Related terms

• censureren
• census
• censuur

Descendants

• ? Indonesian: sensor (“censor”)

Latin

Etymology

From c?nse? (“I assess, value, judge, tax, etc.”) +? -tor (agentive suffix).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?ken.sor/, [?k??s??r]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?t??en.sor/, [?t???ns?r]

Noun

c?nsor m (genitive c?ns?ris); third declension

1. censor
2. provincial magistrate with similar duties.
3. a critic, especially a severe one of morals and society

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Related terms

• c?nsitor
• c?ns?rius
• c?ns?ra

Descendants

References

• censor in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• censor in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• censor in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• censor in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
• censor in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• censor in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin c?nsor.

Pronunciation

Adjective

censor m (feminine singular censora, masculine plural censores, feminine plural censoras, comparable)

1. censoring

   Synonym: censurador

Noun

censor m (plural censores, feminine censora, feminine plural censoras)

1. (historical) censor (Roman magistrate)
2. censor (official responsible for removal of objectionable or sensitive content)
3. censor, censurer (one who censures or condemns)

   Synonyms: censurador, censuradora

Related terms

• censura f
• censurar

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin c?nsor.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Spain) /?en?so?/, [??n?so?]
• IPA^(key): (Latin America) /sen?so?/, [s?n?so?]

Adjective

censor (feminine censora, masculine plural censores, feminine plural censoras)

1. censoring

   Synonyms: censurador, censuradora

Noun

censor m (plural censores, feminine censora, feminine plural censoras)

1. (historical) censor (Roman magistrate)
2. censor, censurer (one who censures or condemns)

   Synonyms: censurador, censuradora

3. censor (a census administrator)

Related terms

• censura f
• censurar

Further reading

• “censor” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.

Swedish

Noun

censor c

1. (classical studies) censor; a Roman census administrator
2. censor; an official responsible for the removal of objectionable or sensitive content

Declension

Related terms

• censur

See also

• sensor