different between young vs vernal

English

Etymology

From Middle English yong, yonge, from Old English ?eong, from Proto-West Germanic *jung, from Proto-Germanic *jungaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h?yuh?n??ós, from *h?yuh?en- (“young”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation, US) enPR: y?ng, IPA^(key): /j??/
• Rhymes: -??

Adjective

young (comparative younger, superlative youngest)

1. In the early part of growth or life; born not long ago.

2. At an early stage of existence or development; having recently come into existence.
   • 1722, Daniel Defoe, A Journal of the Plague Year, London: E. Nutt et al., p. 23,^[1]

     […] while the Fears of the People were young, they were encreas’d strangely by several odd Accidents […]

3. (Not) advanced in age; (far towards or) at a specified stage of existence or age.
   • 1906, Robertson Nicoll, Tis Forty Years Since, quoted in T. P.'s Weekly, volume 8, page 462:

     And thou, our Mother, twice two centuries young,

     Bend with bright shafts of truth thy bow fresh-strung.

4. Junior (of two related people with the same name).
   • 1841, The Museum of Foreign Literature, Science, and Art:

     The young Mr. Chester must be in the wrong, and the old Mr. Chester must be in the right.

5. (of a decade of life) Early.
   • 1922, E. Barrington, “The Mystery of Stella” in “The Ladies!” A Shining Constellation of Wit and Beauty, Boston: Atlantic Monthly Press, pp. 40-41,^[2]

     […] Miss Hessy is as pretty a girl as eye can see, in her young twenties and a bit of a fortune to boot.

   • 1965, Muriel Spark, The Mandelbaum Gate, London: Macmillan, Part One, Chapter 1,

     Ephraim would be in his young thirties.

   • 2008, Alice Fisher, “Grown-up chic is back as high street goes upmarket,” The Guardian, 20 January, 2008,^[3]

     […] while this may appeal to older, better-off shoppers, vast numbers, especially those in their teens and young twenties, still want fast, cheap fashion.

6. Youthful; having the look or qualities of a young person.

7. Of or belonging to the early part of life.

8. (obsolete) Having little experience; inexperienced; unpracticed; ignorant; weak.
   • c. 1599, William Shakespeare, As You Like It, Act I, Scene 1,^[4]

     Come, come, elder brother, you are too young in this.

Synonyms

• (born not long ago): youthful, junior; see also Thesaurus:young
• (having qualities of a young person): youthful, juvenile
• (of or belonging to the early part of life): juvenile
• (inexperienced): underdeveloped, undeveloped, immature

Antonyms

• (born not long ago): old, aged, grown up, senior, youthless, elderly
• (having qualities of a young person): aged, old, youthless, mature, elderly
• (of or belonging to the early part of life): senior, mature, elderly
• (inexperienced): mature, experienced, veteran

Derived terms

Translations

Noun

young (usually uncountable, plural young)

1. People who are young; young people, collectively; youth.

   The young of today are well-educated.

(Should we delete⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)

1. Young or immature offspring (especially of an animal).

2. (rare, possibly nonstandard) An individual offspring; a single recently born or hatched organism.
   • 2010, Mammal Anatomy: An Illustrated Guide, page 21:

     There is a logic in this behavior: a mother will not come into breeding condition again unless her young is ready to be weaned or has died, so killing a baby may hasten […]

Translations

Related terms

• youth

Verb

young (third-person singular simple present youngs, present participle younging, simple past and past participle younged)

1. (informal or demography) To become or seem to become younger.
2. (informal or demography) To cause to appear younger.
3. (geology) To exhibit younging.

Middle English

Adjective

young

1. Alternative form of yong

English

Etymology

From Latin vern?lis (“(rare) of or pertaining to spring; vernal”), from v?rnus (“of or pertaining to spring; vernal”) + -?lis (suffix forming adjectives of relationship). V?rnus is derived from v?r (“season of spring”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wósr? (“spring”)) + -nus (suffix forming adjectives). The English word is cognate with Old French vernal (modern French vernal), Italian vernale (“pertaining to spring; vernal”), Occitan vernal, Portuguese vernal (“pertaining to spring; vernal”), Spanish vernal (“pertaining to spring; vernal”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?v??n(?)l/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?v?n?l/
• Rhymes: -??(?)n?l
• Hyphenation: vern?al

Adjective

vernal (comparative more vernal, superlative most vernal) (formal, literary)

1. Pertaining to or occurring in spring. [from mid 16th c.]

   Synonyms: springlike, spring-like; (rare) springly
2. (figuratively) Having characteristics like spring; fresh, young, youthful.

Usage notes

Vernal is used mostly in technical contexts (as in e.g. vernal equinox) or poetic contexts. In everyday language, attributive use of spring predominates, as in spring colors, spring flowers, spring equinox.

Alternative forms

• vernall (obsolete)

Coordinate terms

• (pertaining to seasons): summer: aestival/estival, summery · autumn or fall: autumnal · winter: brumal, hibernal, wintry

Derived terms

Related terms

• primavera
• ver (“springtime”) (obsolete)
• vere, vere-time (“springtime”) (obsolete)

Translations

References

Further reading

• vernal (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Douglas Harper (2001–2021) , “vernal”, in Online Etymology Dictionary

Anagrams

• Lavern, nerval, verlan

Portuguese

Adjective

vernal m or f (plural vernais, comparable)

1. vernal (pertaining to spring)

Romanian

Etymology

From French vernal, from Latin vernalis.

Adjective

vernal m or n (feminine singular vernal?, masculine plural vernali, feminine and neuter plural vernale)

1. vernal

Declension

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin vern?lis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /be??nal/, [be??nal]
• Homophone: Bernal

Adjective

vernal (plural vernales)

1. vernal (pertaining to spring)

   Synonym: primaveral

Derived terms

Further reading

• “vernal” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.