different between wind vs arch

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English winde, wind, from Old English wind (“wind”), from Proto-Germanic *windaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h?wéh?n?tos (“wind”), from earlier *h?wéh?n?ts (“wind”), derived from the present participle of *h?weh?- (“to blow”). Cognate with Dutch wind, German Wind, West Frisian wyn, Norwegian and Swedish vind, Icelandic vindur, Latin ventus, Welsh gwynt, Sanskrit ??? (v??ta), Russian ?????? (véter), perhaps Albanian bundë (“strong damp wind”). Cognate to vent.

Alternative forms

• winde (obsolete)

Pronunciation

• enPR: w?nd, IPA^(key): /?w?nd/
• (archaic) enPR: w?nd, IPA^(key): /?wa?nd/
• Rhymes: -?nd

Noun

wind (countable and uncountable, plural winds)

1. (countable, uncountable) Real or perceived movement of atmospheric air usually caused by convection or differences in air pressure.
2. Air artificially put in motion by any force or action.

3. (countable, uncountable) The ability to breathe easily.

4. News of an event, especially by hearsay or gossip. (Used with catch, often in the past tense.)

5. One of the five basic elements in Indian and Japanese models of the Classical elements).
6. (uncountable, colloquial) Flatus.

7. Breath modulated by the respiratory and vocal organs, or by an instrument.

   • Their instruments were various in their kind, / Some for the bow, and some for breathing wind.

8. (music) The woodwind section of an orchestra. Occasionally also used to include the brass section.
9. A direction from which the wind may blow; a point of the compass; especially, one of the cardinal points, which are often called the "four winds".

   • Come from the four winds, O breath, and breathe upon these slain.
10. Types of playing-tile in the game of mah-jongg, named after the four winds.
11. A disease of sheep, in which the intestines are distended with air, or rather affected with a violent inflammation. It occurs immediately after shearing.
12. Mere breath or talk; empty effort; idle words.
13. A bird, the dotterel.
14. (boxing, slang) The region of the solar plexus, where a blow may paralyze the diaphragm and cause temporary loss of breath or other injury.

Synonyms

• (movement of air): breeze, draft, gale; see also Thesaurus:wind
• (flatus): gas (US); see also Thesaurus:flatus

Derived terms

Descendants

• Tok Pisin: win
• Torres Strait Creole: win

Translations

See wind/translations § Etymology 1.

See also

Verb

wind (third-person singular simple present winds, present participle winding, simple past and past participle winded or (proscribed) wound)

1. (transitive) To blow air through a wind instrument or horn to make a sound.
2. (transitive) To cause (someone) to become breathless, as by a blow to the abdomen, or by physical exertion, running, etc.

   The boxer was winded during round two.

3. (transitive, Britain) To cause a baby to bring up wind by patting its back after being fed.
4. (transitive, Britain) To turn a boat or ship around, so that the wind strikes it on the opposite side.
5. (transitive) To expose to the wind; to winnow; to ventilate.
6. (transitive) To perceive or follow by scent.

   The hounds winded the game.

7. (transitive) To rest (a horse, etc.) in order to allow the breath to be recovered; to breathe.
8. (transitive) To turn a windmill so that its sails face into the wind.

Usage notes

• The form “wound” in the past is occasionally found in reference to blowing a horn, but is often considered to be erroneous. The October 1875 issue of The Galaxy disparaged this usage as a “very ridiculous mistake” arising from a misunderstanding of the word's meaning.
• A similar solecism occurs in the use (in this sense) of the pronunciation /wa?nd/, sometimes heard in singing and oral reading of verse, e.g., The huntsman /wa?ndz/ his horn.

Descendants

• ? Tok Pisin: winim

Translations

See wind/translations § Etymology 1.

Etymology 2

From Middle English winden, from Old English windan, from Proto-Germanic *windan?. Compare West Frisian wine, Low German winden, Dutch winden, German winden, Danish vinde, Walloon windea. See also the related term wend.

Pronunciation

• enPR: w?nd, IPA^(key): /wa?nd/
• Rhymes: -a?nd
• Homophones: wined, whined (in accents with the wine-whine merger)

Verb

wind (third-person singular simple present winds, present participle winding, simple past and past participle wound or winded)

2. (transitive) To turn coils of (a cord or something similar) around something.
   • It was April 22, 1831, and a young man was walking down Whitehall in the direction of Parliament Street. He wore shepherd's plaid trousers and the swallow-tail coat of the day, with a figured muslin cravat wound about his wide-spread collar.

3. (transitive) To tighten the spring of a clockwork mechanism such as that of a clock.

4. (transitive) To entwist; to enfold; to encircle.
5. (intransitive) To travel in a way that is not straight.
   • 1751, Thomas Gray, Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard

     The lowing herd wind slowly o'er the lea.

   • 1969, Paul McCartney, The Long and Winding Road

     The long and winding road / That leads to your door / Will never disappear.

6. (transitive) To have complete control over; to turn and bend at one's pleasure; to vary or alter or will; to regulate; to govern.
   • Gifts blind the wise, and bribes do please / And wind all other witnesses.

   • 12 October 1710, Joseph Addison, The Examiner No. 5

     Were our legislature vested in the person of our prince, he might doubtless wind and turn our constitution at his pleasure.

7. (transitive) To introduce by insinuation; to insinuate.
   • 1674, Richard Allestree, The Government of the Tongue

     'Tis pleasant to see what little arts and dexterities they have to wind in such things into discourse

8. (transitive) To cover or surround with something coiled about.

9. (transitive) To cause to move by exerting a winding force; to haul or hoist, as by a winch.
   • 2012, "Rural Affairs", Anna Hutton-North, Lulu.com ?ISBN [1]

10. (transitive, nautical) To turn (a ship) around, end for end.

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

• ? Esperanto: vindi

Translations

See wind/translations § Etymology 2.

Noun

wind (plural winds)

1. The act of winding or turning; a turn; a bend; a twist.

References

• wind at OneLook Dictionary Search

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch wind, from Middle Dutch wint, from Old Dutch wint, from Proto-Germanic *windaz, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h?wéh?n?ts (“blowing”), present participle of *h?weh?- (“to blow”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /v?nt/

Noun

wind (plural winde, diminutive windjie)

1. wind (movement of air)

Alemannic German

Alternative forms

• wénn, winn, wend

Etymology

From Old High German wint, from Proto-Germanic *windaz. Cognate with German Wind, Dutch wind, English wind, Icelandic vindur, Gothic ???????????????????? (winds).

Noun

wind m

1. (Carcoforo) wind

References

• “wind” in Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??nt/
• Hyphenation: wind
• Rhymes: -?nt
• Homophone: wint

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch wint, from Old Dutch wint, from Proto-Germanic *windaz, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h?wéh?n?ts (“blowing”), present participle of *h?weh?- (“to blow”).

Noun

wind m (plural winden, diminutive windje n)

1. wind (movement of air)

2. flatulence, fart

   Synonyms: bout, buikwind, ruft, scheet

Derived terms

Descendants

• Afrikaans: wind
• ? Sranan Tongo: winti

Etymology 2

From Middle Dutch wint. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Noun

wind m (plural winden, diminutive windje n)

1. (obsolete) greyhound

Derived terms

• windhond

Related terms

• hond

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the main entry.

Verb

wind

1. first-person singular present indicative of winden
2. imperative of winden

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *wind.

Germanic cognates include Old Frisian wind, Old Saxon wind, Dutch wind, Old High German wint (German Wind), Old Norse vindr (Swedish vind), Gothic ???????????????????? (winds). The Indo-European root is also the source of Latin ventus (French vent), Welsh gwynt, Tocharian A want, Tocharian B yente.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /wind/

Noun

wind m

1. wind
2. flatulence

Declension

Derived terms

Descendants

• Middle English: wind, wend
  • English: wind
  • Scots: wind, wynd
  • Yola: wyeene

English

Pronunciation

• (General American) enPR: ärch, IPA^(key): /??t??/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /??t??/
• (by analogy to arc, nonstandard) IPA^(key): ((General American)) /???k/, ((Received Pronunciation)) /??k/
• Rhymes: -??(?)t?

Etymology 1

From Middle English arch, arche, from Old French arche (“an arch”) (French arche), a feminine form of arc, from Latin arcus (“a bow, arc, arch”).

Noun

arch (plural arches)

2. An inverted U shape.
3. An arch-shaped arrangement of trapezoidal stones, designed to redistribute downward force outward.
5. (architecture) An architectural element having the shape of an arch
6. Any place covered by an arch; an archway.

   to pass into the arch of a bridge

7. (archaic, geometry) An arc; a part of a curve.
8. A natural arch-shaped opening in a rock mass.
9. (anatomy) Curved part of the bottom of a foot.

Derived terms

Translations

References

• John A. Simpson and Edward S. C. Weiner, editors (1989) , “arch”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, ?ISBN

Verb

arch (third-person singular simple present arches, present participle arching, simple past and past participle arched)

1. To form into an arch shape

   The cat arched its back

2. To cover with an arch or arches.

Translations

Etymology 2

From the prefix arch-. "Principal" is the original sense; "mischievous" is via onetime frequent collocation with rogue, knave, etc.

Adjective

arch (comparative archer, superlative archest)

2. Knowing, clever, mischievous.

   I attempted to hide my emotions, but an arch remark escaped my lips.

   • July 4, 1710, Isaac Bickerstaff (pseudonym for Richard Steele or (in some later numbers of the journal) Joseph Addison), The Tatler No. 193

     [He] spoke his request with so arch a leer.

   • Lassiter ended there with dry humor, yet behind that was meaning. Jane blushed and made arch eyes at him.

3. Principal; primary.

Derived terms

• archly
• archness

Translations

Noun

arch (plural arches)

1. (obsolete) A chief.

Related terms

• arc

Further reading

• arch in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• arch in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• arch at OneLook Dictionary Search

Anagrams

• Char, Rach, char, rach

Czech

Noun

arch m inan

1. sheet (in printing)

Declension

Middle Dutch

Etymology 1

From Old Dutch *arg, from Proto-Germanic *argaz.

Adjective

arch

1. bad, depraved
2. wrong, evil
3. shameful
4. bad, worthless, of low quality

Inflection

This adjective needs an inflection-table template.

Alternative forms

• erch

Derived terms

• argeren

Descendants

• Dutch: arg, erg

Etymology 2

Substantive form of the adjective arch.

Noun

arch n

1. evil
2. disaster, misfortune

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Further reading

• “arch (I)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• “arch (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929) , “arch (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, ?ISBN, page I
• Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929) , “arch (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, ?ISBN, page II

Middle English

Alternative forms

• arche

Etymology

From Old French arche.

Noun

arch (plural arches)

1. arch
2. arc

Descendants

• English: arch

References

• “arch(e, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Middle Welsh

Etymology

From the root of erchi (“to request”), from Proto-Celtic *?arsketi, from Proto-Indo-European *pre?-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ar?/

Noun

arch f

1. request

Verb

arch

1. second-person singular imperative of erchi

Mutation

Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ar?/

Etymology 1

From Middle Welsh arch, from Proto-Brythonic *arx, from Latin arca.

Noun

arch f (plural eirch)

1. (obsolete) chest, coffer
2. coffin (box for the dead)
3. ark (large boat with a flat bottom)
   • 1588, Y Beibl cyssegr-lan, Genesis 6:13, 14:

Derived terms

• arch Noa (“Noah's Ark”)
• arch y Cyfamod (“Ark of the Covenant”)
• bwa'r arch (“rainbow”)

Etymology 2

Back-formation from erchi (“to seek, to ask for”).

Noun

arch f (plural eirchion)

1. request, command

Derived terms

• archeb (“order”)

Etymology 3

Inflected form of erchi (“to seek, to ask for”).

Verb

arch

1. second-person singular imperative of erchi

Mutation

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present) , “arch”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies