different between warn vs res

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /w??n/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /w??n/
• Rhymes: -??(?)n
• Homophone: worn (in accents with the horse-hoarse merger)

Etymology

From Middle English warnen, warnien (“to warn; admonish”), from Old English warnian (“to take heed; warn”), from Proto-Germanic *warn?n? (“to warn; take heed”), from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to be aware; give heed”). Cognate with Dutch waarnen (obsolete), German Low German warnen, German warnen, Swedish varna, Icelandic varna.

Verb

warn (third-person singular simple present warns, present participle warning, simple past and past participle warned)

1. (transitive) To make (someone) aware of (something impending); especially:
   1. (transitive) To make (someone) aware of impending danger, evil, etc. [from 11th c.]

      We waved a flag to warn the oncoming traffic about the accident.

      I phoned to warn him of the road closure.

   2. (transitive) To notify or inform (someone, about something). [from at least the 13th c.]

      I warned him he'd be getting a huge box of birthday presents from me.

   3. (transitive) To summon (someone) to or inform of a formal meeting or duty.

      The sheriff warned her to appear in court.

      • 1741–2 March 4, Books of Keelman's Hospital, Newcastle, quoted in Northumberland Words (1894):

        Committee being warned these following were absent or short [...]

      • 1874, Walter Gregor, An Echo of the Olden Time from the North of Scotland, page 142:

        The people had been invited to the funeral, or warnt, by a special messenger a few days before the funeral took place.

      • 1889, Reports of Cases Argued and Determined in the Supreme Court of the [State of] Vermont, page 490:

        [...] the plaintiff fraudulently warned the meeting for November 15, giving only five days' notice [...]

   4. (transitive, intransitive, of a clock, possibly obsolete) To make a sound (e.g. clicking or whirring) indicating that it is about to strike or chime (an hour).
      • 1885, Walter Towers, Poems, Songs, and Ballads, page 189:

        Hark! the clock is warning ten;

      • 1885, Emma Marshall, In the East Country with Sir Thomas Browne, page 106:

        No, not a word more, Andrew; the clock has warned for nine, and I am off.

      • 1902, Violet Jacob, The Sheep-Stealers, page 399:

        The clock warned, and the hands pointed to a few minutes before the hour. The preacher looked towards it. "And, as you sit here," he cried," the Old Year is dragging out its last moments and the New Year is coming up —"

      • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:warn.
2. (transitive) To caution or admonish (someone) against unwise or unacceptable behaviour. [from 11th c.]

   He was warned against crossing the railway tracks at night.

   Don't let me catch you running in the corridor again, I warn you.

3. (chiefly with "off", "away", and similar words) To advise or order to go or stay away.

   A sign warns trespassers off/away from the site.

4. (intransitive) To give warning.
   • 1526, William Tyndale, tr. Bible, Galatians II, 9-10:

     then Iames Cephas and Iohn [...] agreed with vs that we shuld preache amonge the Hethen and they amonge the Iewes: warnynge only that we shulde remember the poore.

   • 1973, Thomas Pynchon, Gravity's Rainbow, Penguin 1995, p. 177:

     She is his deepest innocence in spaces of bough and hay before wishes were given a different name to warn that they might not come true [...].

   • 1988, Salman Rushdie, The Satanic Verses, Picador 2000, p. 496:

     She warned that he was seriously thinking of withdrawing his offer to part the waters, ‘so that all you'll get at the Arabian Sea is a saltwater bath [...]’.

   • 1991, Clive James, ‘Making Programmes the World Wants’, The Dreaming Swimmer, Jonathan Cape 1992:

     Every country has its resident experts who warn that imported television will destroy the national consciousness and replace it with Dallas, The Waltons, Star Trek and Twin Peaks.

Usage notes

• The intransitive sense is considered colloquial by some, and is explicitly proscribed by, for example, the Daily Telegraph style guide (which prefers give warning).

Derived terms

• forewarn
• warner
• warning

Translations

Anagrams

• ANWR

Middle English

Verb

warn

1. Alternative form of weren
2. Alternative form of wernen

Translingual

Alternative forms

• Res

Symbol

res

1. (mathematical analysis) residue

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??z/ (noun, verb)
• Rhymes: -?z
• IPA^(key): /?e?z/ (noun form)
• Rhymes: -e?z
• Homophones: raise, rase, rays, raze, rehs, réis

Noun

res

1. plural of re

Noun

res (plural reses)

1. (Canada, US, informal) Clipping of reservation.

   Synonym: (Indian reserve or reservation) rez

2. (Canada, South Africa) Clipping of residence.
3. (computing) Clipping of resolution (of a computer display or image).

   Coordinate term: hi-res

4. Clipping of reservoir (from computer water cooling).
5. (role-playing games) Clipping of resurrection.

Verb

res (third-person singular simple present reses, present participle ressing, simple past and past participle ressed)

1. (role-playing games) short form of resurrect

Anagrams

• -ers, ERS, ERs, ESR, RSE, SER, SRE, ers, ser, ser.

Catalan

Pronunciation

• (Balearic) IPA^(key): /?r?s/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /?r?s/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /?res/
• Rhymes: -es

Etymology 1

From Latin r?s (“thing”). Compare French rien.

Pronoun

res

1. nothing
2. (in negative sentences) anything

Alternative forms

• re
• rès (obsolete)

Derived terms

• de res
• no-res

Etymology 2

Noun

res

1. plural of re

Further reading

• “res” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “res” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
• “res” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “res” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Galician

Etymology 1

From Latin r?s (“thing”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?res/

Noun

res f (plural reses)

1. head of quadrupedal cattle or game
2. flock, herd; cattle
   • 1355, E. Cal Pardo (ed.), Colección diplomática medieval do arquivo da catedral de Mondoñedo. Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 168:

     os quaes me pagastes en dineiros et en res

     which you paid me in money and in cattle

Pronoun

res

1. (rare or dated) nothing (in negative sentences)

   Synonym: nada

Related terms

• ren
• rexelo

Etymology 2

Plural of re.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?res/

Noun

res m pl

1. plural of re

Etymology 3

From Old Galician and Old Portuguese r?es (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin r?nes (“kidneys”). Cognate with Template:kw.

Alternative forms

• rens

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?res/

Noun

res m pl

1. small of the back
   • 1409, G. Pérez Barcala (ed.), A tradución galega do "Liber de medicina equorum" de Joradanus Ruffus. Santiago de Compostela: USC, page 191:

     reerás primeiramente os lombos ou as r?es do cavalo

     you will first shave the horse's back and the smalls of the back

   Synonyms: cadrís, lombo

Derived terms

• derrear

Related terms

• ril

References

• “re_es” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006-2012.
• “r?es” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
• “res” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006-2013.
• “res” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “res” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Latin

Etymology

For the expected *r?s, remodelled on a new oblique stem *r?j-, from Proto-Italic *reis, from Proto-Indo-European *reh?ís (“wealth, goods”).

Cognate to Old Persian [Term?] (/r?y-/, “paradise, wealth”), Avestan ????????????-? (r?y-, “paradise, wealth”), Sanskrit ?? (raí, “property. wealth”), ??? (rayí, “stuff, material, property, goods”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /re?s/, [re?s?]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /res/, [r?s]

Noun

r?s f (genitive re?); fifth declension

1. thing, object, stuff

2. matter, issue, subject, topic
   • a. 149 BC, Cato the Elder (attributed quote)

3. affair, event
4. story, history
5. state, republic, commonwealth
   • c. early 5th century AD, attributed to Ennius by Augustinus in De Civitate Dei; Book II, Chapter XXI

6. deed
7. circumstances

Declension

Fifth-declension noun.

Derived terms

• re?pse
• reus
• r?cula/r?scula
• rem ac? tetigist?
• r?s, n?n verba (“deeds, not words”)
• re?lis
• r?s adi?dic?ta
• r?s pr?v?ta
• r?s p?blica/r?sp?blica
• r?s i?dic?ta
• in medi?s r?s

Descendants

References

• von Wartburg, Walther (1928–2002) , “r?s”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 100, page 287

Further reading

• res in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• res in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• res in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• res in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?^[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
• res in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• res in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700?^[3], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
• res in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?res/, [?res]

Etymology 1

From Latin r?s (“thing”).

Noun

res f (plural reses)

1. head of quadrupedal cattle or game
2. (Latin America) bovine animal

Derived terms

• pancita de res
• resero

Etymology 2

Plural of re.

Noun

res m pl

1. plural of re

Further reading

• “res” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.

Swedish

Verb

res

1. imperative of resa

Anagrams

• ers, ser

Westrobothnian

Etymology

cf Old Norse hreistr, Norwegian reist

Noun

res n or m

1. guts; offal, scales of fish

Related terms

• fiskres
• rees
• rest

Wolof

Noun

res (definite form res wi)

1. liver