different between under vs vnder

English

Etymology

From Middle English under, from Old English under, from Proto-Germanic *under (whence also German unter, Dutch onder, Danish and Norwegian under), from a merger of Proto-Indo-European *n?d?ér (“under”) and *n?tér (“inside”). Akin to Old High German untar (“under”), Latin infr? (“below, beneath”) and inter (“between, among”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /??nd?(?)/, [??n.d?(?)]
• (US) IPA^(key): /??nd?/, [??n(?)?], [?????]
• (Northern England) IPA^(key): /??nd?/
• Rhymes: -?nd?(?)
• Hyphenation: un?der

Preposition

under

1. In or at a lower level than.
   • 1922, Virginia Woolf, Jacob's Room Chapter 1

     The little boys in the front bedroom had thrown off their blankets and lay under the sheets.
2. As a subject of; subordinate to.

3. Less than.
4. Below the surface of.
5. (figuratively) In the face of; in response to (some attacking force).
   • 2011, Tom Fordyce, Rugby World Cup 2011: England 12-19 France [5]

     England's World Cup dreams fell apart under a French onslaught on a night when their shortcomings were brutally exposed at the quarter-final stage.

6. As, in the character of.
   • 2013, The Huffington Post, JK Rowling Pseudonym: Robert Galbraith's 'The Cuckoo's Calling' Is Actually By Harry Potter Author [6]

     J.K. Rowling has written a crime novel called 'The Cuckoo's Calling' under the pseudonym Robert Galbraith.

Synonyms

• below
• beneath
• underneath

Antonyms

• above
• over

Translations

Adverb

under (not comparable)

1. In a way lower or less than.
   • (Can we add an example for this sense?)
2. In a way inferior to.
   • (Can we add an example for this sense?)
3. (informal) In an unconscious state.

   It took the hypnotist several minutes to make his subject go under.

Synonyms

• below
• beneath

Antonyms

• above
• over

Translations

Adjective

under (comparative more under, superlative most under)

1. Being lower; being beneath something.
   • 1611, Bible (King James Version), 1 Corinthians ix. 27

     I keep under my body, and bring it into subjection.

   • 1825, Thomas Moore, The Minster Boy

     The minstrel fell, but the foeman's chain / Could not bring his proud soul under.
2. (medicine, colloquial) Under anesthesia, especially general anesthesia; sedated.

   Ensure the patient is sufficiently under.

3. In a state of submission or defeat.
   • 1892, Sir George Giffard, Reminiscences of a Naval Officer (page 45)

     When ready for sea we went up to Greenhithe, that their lordships might inspect us, and then to Portsmouth, to take troops to Cork, a pleasant trip; but the troops left us a legacy of "mahogany flats," with which their beds were so swarming that we never got them under.

Derived terms

References

• Andrea Tyler and Vyvyan Evans, "The vertical axis", in The Semantics of English Prepositions: Spatial Scenes, Embodied Meaning and Cognition, Cambridge University Press, 2003, 0-521-81430 8

Anagrams

• Duren, nuder, ruden, runed, unred, urned

Danish

Etymology 1

From Old Norse undir, from Proto-Germanic *under, cognate with English under, German unter.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /on(?)?r/, [?n?], [?n??] or (as an adverb or at the end of a phrase) IPA^(key): /on??r/, [??n??]

Preposition

under

1. under
2. underneath
3. below
4. during

Adverb

under

1. under

Etymology 2

From Old Norse undr, from Proto-Germanic *wundr?, cognate with English wonder, German Wunder.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /on??r/, [??n??]

Noun

under n (singular definite underet, plural indefinite undere)

1. wonder
2. marvel
3. miracle

Inflection

Related terms

• underfuld
• underlig
• undre
• vidunder

Etymology 3

Clipping of underdel or underside.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /on?r/, [??n?]

Noun

under c (singular definite underen, plural indefinite undere)

1. bottom (part)

Inflection

Etymology 4

See the etymology of the main entry.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /on?r/, [??n?]

Verb

under

1. present tense of unde

Latin

Verb

under

1. first-person singular present passive subjunctive of und?

Middle English

Preposition

under

1. under
2. among

Norwegian Bokmål

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??nd?r/ (example of pronunciation)

Etymology 1

From Old Norse undir, from Proto-Germanic *under.

Preposition

under

1. below; beneath
2. during
3. under

Derived terms

• oppunder
• under-
• underveis

Etymology 2

From Old Norse undr, from Proto-Germanic *wundr?, from Proto-Indo-European *wenh?- (“to wish for, desire, strive for, win, love”).

Noun

under n (definite singular underet or undret, indefinite plural under or undere or undre, definite plural undera or underne or undra or undrene)

1. wonder, marvel, miracle

Derived terms

• underfull
• underverk
• vidunder

References

• “under” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??nd?r/ (example of pronunciation)

Etymology 1

From Old Norse undir, from Proto-Germanic *under. Akin to English under.

Preposition

under

1. below, beneath, under
2. during

Derived terms

• oppunder
• under-

Etymology 2

From Old Norse undr, from Proto-Germanic *wundr?, from Proto-Indo-European *wenh?- (“to wish for, desire, strive for, win, love”). Akin to English wonder.

Noun

under n (definite singular underet, indefinite plural under, definite plural undera)

1. wonder, marvel, miracle

Derived terms

• underverk

References

• “under” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Dutch

Preposition

under

1. under

References

• Altniederfränkischer Psalm 63

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *under. Compare Old Saxon undar, Old High German untar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?un.der/

Preposition

under

1. under
2. among

Descendants

• Middle English: under
  • English: under
  • Scots: unner

Old Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse undr, from Proto-Germanic *wundr?.

Noun

under n

1. wonder, miracle
2. wonderment, awe, marvel

Declension

Descendants

• Swedish: under

Swedish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??nd?r/

Etymology 1

From Old Swedish undir, from Old Norse undir, from Proto-Germanic *under.

Preposition

under

1. under; below; beneath
2. during, at the same time as

Etymology 2

From Old Swedish under, from Old Norse undr, from Proto-Germanic *wundr?, from Proto-Indo-European *wenh?- (“to wish for, desire, strive for, win, love”).

Noun

under n

1. wonder, miracle

Declension

Related terms

• underskatta
• undertag

See also

• på under
• under tiden

References

Anagrams

• runde, undre

English

Preposition

vnder

1. (obsolete) Under.