different between turn vs alter

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /t??n/
• (General American) enPR: tûrn, IPA^(key): /t?n/
• Homophones: tern, tarn
• Rhymes: -??(?)n

Etymology 1

From Middle English turnen, from Old English turnian, tyrnan (“to turn, rotate, revolve”) and Old French torner (“to turn”), both from Latin torn?re (“to round off, turn in a lathe”), from tornus (“lathe”), from Ancient Greek ?????? (tórnos, “turning-lathe: a tool used for making circles”), from Proto-Indo-European *terh?- (“to rub, rub by turning, turn, twist, bore”). Cognate with Old English þr?wan (“to turn, twist, wind”). Displaced native Old English wendan.

Verb

turn (third-person singular simple present turns, present participle turning, simple past and past participle turned or (obsolete) turnt)

1. To make a non-linear physical movement.
   1. (intransitive) Of a body, person, etc, to move around an axis through itself.

      • "A fine man, that Dunwody, yonder," commented the young captain, as they parted, and as he turned to his prisoner. "We'll see him on in Washington some day. He is strengthening his forces now against Mr. Benton out there. […]."

   2. (transitive) To change the direction or orientation of, especially by rotation.
   3. (intransitive) to change one's direction of travel.
   4. (intransitive, figuratively) to change the course of.
   5. (transitive) To shape (something) symmetrically by rotating it against a stationary cutting tool, as on a lathe.

   6. (by extension) To give form to; to shape or mould; to adapt.
   7. (transitive) To position (something) by folding it, or using its folds.

   8. (transitive, figuratively) To navigate through a book or other printed material.

   9. (transitive, cricket) Of a bowler, to make (the ball) move sideways off the pitch when it bounces.
   10. (intransitive, cricket) Of a ball, to move sideways off the pitch when it bounces.
2. (intransitive) To change condition or attitude.
   1. (copulative) To become (begin to be).

      Synonyms: become, get

   2. (intransitive) To change the color of the leaves in the autumn.

   3. To change fundamentally; to metamorphose.
      1. (intransitive) To sour or spoil; to go bad.

      2. (transitive) To make acid or sour; to ferment; to curdle.

      3. (transitive, fantasy) To change (a person) into a vampire, werewolf, zombie, etc.
         • 2017, Michael J. Totten, Into the Wasteland: A Zombie Novel

           His companions had turned him on purpose. Annie, bless her heart, was immune.

   4. To reach a certain age.

   5. To hinge; to depend.
   6. To rebel; to go against something formerly tolerated.

   7. To change personal condition.
      1. (professional wrestling) To change personalities, such as from being a face (good guy) to heel (bad guy) or vice versa.
      2. To become giddy; said of the head or brain.
      3. To sicken; to nauseate.

      4. To be nauseated; said of the stomach.
3. (obsolete, reflexive) To change one's course of action; to take a new approach.
4. (transitive, usually with over) To complete.

5. (transitive) To make (money); turn a profit.

6. (transitive, soccer) Of a player, to go past an opposition player with the ball in one's control.
7. To undergo the process of turning on a lathe.

8. (obstetrics) To bring down the feet of a child in the womb, in order to facilitate delivery.
9. (printing, dated) To invert a type of the same thickness, as a temporary substitute for any sort which is exhausted.
10. (archaic) To translate.
    • 1735, Alexander Pope, The Prologue to the Satires

      who turns a Persian tale for half a crown

11. (transitive, role-playing games) To magically or divinely attack undead.

Synonyms

• (move around an axis through itself): rotate, spin, twirl
• (change the direction or orientation of): rotate
• (change one's direction of travel): steer, swerve, tack
• (nautical)
• (position (something) by folding it back on itself):
• (become): become, get, go
• (rebel): rebel, revolt
• (shape on a lathe): lathe
• (go bad): go bad, go off, sour, spoil
• (complete): complete

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 2

Partly from Anglo-Norman *torn, from Latin turnus, from Ancient Greek ?????? (tórnos), and partly an action noun from the verb turn.

Noun

turn (plural turns)

1. A change of direction or orientation.
2. A movement of an object about its own axis in one direction that continues until the object returns to its initial orientation.
   2. (geometry) A unit of plane angle measurement based on this movement.
3. A walk to and fro.

   Synonym: promenade

4. A chance to use (something) shared in sequence with others.
5. A spell of work, especially the time allotted to a person in a rota or schedule.

6. One's chance to make a move in a game having two or more players.
7. A figure in music, often denoted ~, consisting of the note above the one indicated, the note itself, the note below the one indicated, and the note itself again.
8. The time required to complete a project.

   Synonym: turnaround

9. A fit or a period of giddiness.
10. A change in temperament or circumstance.

11. (cricket) A sideways movement of the ball when it bounces (caused by rotation in flight).
12. (poker) The fourth communal card in Texas hold 'em.
13. (poker, obsolete) The flop (the first three community cards) in Texas hold 'em.
14. A deed done to another; an act of kindness or malice.

15. A single loop of a coil.
16. (rope) A pass behind or through an object.
17. Character; personality; nature.
18. (soccer) An instance of going past an opposition player with the ball in one's control.
19. (circus, theater, especially physical comedy) A short skit, act, or routine.
    • 1960, Theatre Notebook (volumes 14-16, page 122)

      Between the pieces were individual turns, comic songs and dances.

20. (printing, dated) A type turned upside down to serve for another character that is not available.
21. (Britain, finance, historical) The profit made by a stockjobber, being the difference between the buying and selling prices.
    • 1977, Michael Arthur Firth, Valuation of Shares and the Efficient-markets Theory (page 11)

      There are usually at least two jobbers who specialise in the leading stocks, and this acts to keep the jobber's turn to a reasonable amount […]

Synonyms

• (change of direction or orientation):
• (movement about an axis returning to the original orientation): 360° turn, complete rotation, complete turn, full rotation, full turn
• (single loop of a coil): loop
• (chance to use (something) shared in sequence with others): go
• (one's chance to make a move in a game): go, move
• (figure in music):
• (time required to complete a project):
• (fit or period of giddiness): dizziness, dizzy spell, giddiness
• (change in temperament or circumstance): change, swing
• (sideways movement of a cricket ball):

Derived terms

Descendants

• ? Japanese: ??? (t?n)

Translations

Derived terms

See also

• Appendix:Parts of the knot
• ornament
• trill

Anagrams

• runt

Finnish

Etymology

< English turn

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?tø?n/, [?t?ø??n]

Noun

turn

1. (poker) turn (fourth communal card in Texas hold'em)

Declension

Synonyms

• neljäs avokortti

Icelandic

Etymology

From Latin turris (“tower”). Cognate with Danish tårn and German Turm. First appears in the 12th or 13th century.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t??rtn/
• Rhymes: -?rtn

Noun

turn m (genitive singular turns, nominative plural turnar)

1. tower

Declension

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From the verb turne; compare with German Turnen.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t???/
• Rhymes: -???

Noun

turn m (indeclinable) (uncountable)

1. gymnastics (athletic discipline)

Related terms

• gymnastikk
• turner

References

• “turn” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From the verb turne

Noun

turn m (uncountable)

1. gymnastics (athletic discipline)

Related terms

• gymnastikk

References

• “turn” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from German Turm, from Latin turrem, accusative form of turris.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /turn/

Noun

turn n (plural turnuri)

1. tower
2. (chess) rook

Declension

Synonyms

• (chess rook): tur?

See also

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /???l.t?/, /??l.t?/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /??l.t?/
• (cot–caught merger, Canada) IPA^(key): /??l.t?/
• Rhymes: -??lt?(?)
• Homophone: altar
• Hyphenation: al?ter

Etymology 1

From Old French alterer (French altérer), from Medieval Latin alterare (“to make other”), from Latin alter (“the other”), from al- (seen in alius (“other”), alienus (“of another”), etc.; see alias, alien, etc.) + compar. suffix -ter.

Verb

alter (third-person singular simple present alters, present participle altering, simple past and past participle altered)

1. (transitive) To change the form or structure of.
2. (intransitive) To become different.
3. (transitive) To tailor clothes to make them fit.
4. (transitive) To castrate, neuter or spay (a dog or other animal).
5. (transitive) To affect mentally, as by psychotropic drugs or illness.
   • 2016 February 10, Sydney Pruitt and Claire Ricke (quoting Jeff Barrick), "Police: Man lying in street hit, killed by Capital Metro bus", KXAN:

     We don't know if he was altered on alcohol or drugs or anything […]

Alternative forms

• altre (obsolete)

Derived terms

Related terms

• alteration
• alternate
• alternative

Translations

Further reading

• alter in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• alter in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Etymology 2

Probably from alter ego.

Noun

alter (plural alters)

1. (especially in the plural) An identity or headmate of a person with dissociative identity disorder (previously known as multiple personality disorder).
   • As this is a medicalized term, many people with DID may choose not to use this word in response to the stigma surrounding it. Others choose to use it as a way to "reclaim" the word.

References

• MPD/DID Glossary
• DID Research: Alters

Etymology 3

Noun

alter (plural alters)

1. (proscribed) Alternative form of altar.
   • 2002, Nicholas Smeed, Resurrections: Vignettes About Discovery, Relationships, Personal Empowerment, And Preternatural Experiences, Xlibris Corporation (?ISBN), page 26:

     As an alter boy he remembered that walking between the alter and the gates was prohibited for everyone except the priest.

   • 2007, Jerry P. Martinez, Leche De Coyote, Xlibris Corporation (?ISBN), page 39:

     The hardest part of being an alter boy was learning Latin. The mass was conducted in Latin and we had to learn to pray in Latin.

   • 2009, Todd Sprague, Survive, Todd Sprague (?ISBN), page 142:

     On the alter, several candles sat unlit. An open bible rested among the candles. Behind the alter, hanging high, a huge cross was affixed to the wall, with a replica of Jesus in rags nailed to it. A simple wooden door stood closed behind the alter […]

   • 2011, Suzanne Dekeyzer James, The Stone Harp, Xlibris Corporation (?ISBN), page 146:

     Truth motioned to Alexandra, “There; the key is kept on the alter.” She spotted it easily, for it was now well lighted by an amber colored presence light. She and the others moved quickly toward the alter.

   • 2018, William Francis Jack, Alter Boy Rules, Lulu Press, Inc (?ISBN)

     Third-rate alter boy. Skinny, lousy face, brown hair with a cowlick as big as Sputtnik. So as not to go on about it, I can put it in one word: Butt-ugly.

Usage notes

Usually considered a misspelling.

Anagrams

• Alert, alert, altre, artel, later, ratel, taler, telar

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse altari, from Old Saxon altari, from Late Latin altare (“altar”). Cognate with English altar and German Altar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?ald??]

Noun

alter n (singular definite altret or alteret, plural indefinite altre)

1. (religion) altar, a table or a platform for making sacrifices.
2. (Christianity) altar, the ritual space of a Christian church.

Inflection

References

“alter” in Den Danske Ordbog

German

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??alt?/

Adjective

alter

1. inflection of alt:
   1. strong/mixed nominative masculine singular
   2. strong genitive/dative feminine singular
   3. strong genitive plural

Indonesian

Etymology

From English alter, from Old French alterer (French altérer), from Medieval Latin alterare (“to make other”), from Latin alter (“the other”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?alt??r]
• Hyphenation: al?tèr

Pronunciation influenced by Latin alter.

Verb

alter

1. to alter, to tailor clothes to make them fit.

Further reading

• “alter” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h?élteros (“the other of two”) (akin to English other). Akin to alius. Confer with ulter.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?al.ter/, [?ä??t??r]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?al.ter/, [??l?t??r]

Adjective

alter (feminine altera, neuter alterum); first/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er, pronominal)

1. the other, the second
2. the one...the other (alter...alter)

Declension

First/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er, pronominal).

Derived terms

• adulter
• altercor
• alter?
• alteruter

Related terms

Descendants

References

• alter in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• alter in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• alter in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.

Lombard

Etymology

From altro.

Adjective

alter

1. other

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

Noun

alter n (definite singular alteret / altret, indefinite plural alter / altere / altre, definite plural altera / altra / altrene)

1. an altar

Etymology 2

Noun

alter m

1. indefinite plural of alt

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

• altar

Noun

alter n (definite singular alteret, indefinite plural alter, definite plural altera)

1. an altar