different between suffer vs victim

English

Etymology

From Middle English suffren, from Anglo-Norman suffrir, from Latin suffer? (“to offer, hold up, bear, suffer”), from sub- (“up, under”) + fer? (“I carry”), from Proto-Indo-European *b?er- (“to bear, carry”). Displaced native teen.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?s?f?/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?s?f?/
• Rhymes: -?f?(?)
• Hyphenation: suf?fer

Verb

suffer (third-person singular simple present suffers, present participle suffering, simple past and past participle suffered)

1. (intransitive) To undergo hardship.

   Synonym: bear

2. (intransitive) To feel pain.

   Synonyms: agonize, anguish, thole; see also Thesaurus:suffer

3. (intransitive) To become worse.

   Synonyms: deteriorate, worsen; see also Thesaurus:worsen
4. (transitive) To endure, undergo.

   Synonyms: bear, dree, thole; see also Thesaurus:tolerate
5. (transitive, archaic) To allow.

   Synonym: permit

   • 1938, The U.S. Fair Labor Standards Act, 29 U.S.C. § 203:

     "Employ" includes to suffer or permit to work.

   • 1978, Section 31-36 of the Code of Montgomery County, Maryland:

     […] it shall be unlawful for any person to cause, allow, permit or suffer any vehicle to be parked […] beyond the period of time established by the duration of the parking meter […]

Derived terms

Related terms

• sublate
• sublation

Translations

Anagrams

• ruffes, suffre

Dutch

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -?f?r

Etymology 1

Adjective

suffer

1. Comparative form of suf

Etymology 2

Noun

suffer m (plural suffers)

1. Alternative form of sufferd

Latin

Verb

suffer

1. second-person singular present active imperative of suffer?

English

Etymology

From Middle French victime, from Latin victima (“sacrificial animal”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?v?kt?m/
• (weak vowel merger) IPA^(key): /?v?kt?m/
• Hyphenation: vic?tim

Noun

victim (plural victims)

1. One that is harmed—killed, injured, subjected to oppression, deceived, or otherwise adversely affected—by someone or something, especially another person or event, force, or condition; in particular:

   the youngest victims of the brutal war

   victim of a bad decision by a rushed and overworked judge

   • 2014, Holger H. Herwig, The First World War: Germany and Austria-Hungary 1914-1918, A&C Black (?ISBN), page 116:

     Flexibility, one of the hallmarks of German military doctrine, was a victim of the war.

   1. One who is harmed or killed by a crime or scam.

      victims of assault; the murderer's victims

      became another victim of the latest scam
   2. One who is harmed or killed by an accident or illness.

      a fundraiser for victims of AIDS; a victim of a car crash
   3. One who is harmed or killed as a result of other people's biases, emotions or incompetence, or their own.

      a victim of his own pride; a victim of her own incompetence

      the newcomer never managed to make friends, a victim of the town's deep distrust of outsiders

      a victim of sexism; victims of a racist system

   4. One who is harmed or killed as a result of a natural or man-made disaster or impersonal condition.

      relief efforts to help victims of the hurricane

      victim of an optical illusion; victim of a string of bad luck

      local businesses were the main victims of the economic downturn

      • 1970 March 12, United States House Committee on Education and Labor, Summary of Legislative Action of the House Education and Labor Committee for the 91st Congress (1st Session) / Educational Technology Act of 1969: Hearing, Ninety-first Congress, Second Session on H.R. 8838 ... March 12, 1970:

        To some extent the schools and colleges are victims of conditions beyond their control: rapid population growth and mobility, country; to-city migration, unpredictable economic and social changes wrought by technology, […]
2. A living being which is slain and offered as a sacrifice, usually in a religious rite.
   1. (by extension, Christianity) The transfigured body and blood of Christ in the Eucharist.

Usage notes

Many people advise against describing a disabled person as being a victim of the condition that relates to their status as a disabled person and suggest describing a disabled person as having or experiencing that condition instead.

Synonyms

• injured party

Antonyms

• offender

Related terms

• victimize, victimise
• victimization, victimisation
• victimism
• victimist

Translations

References

• victim at OneLook Dictionary Search
• victim in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
• victim in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.