different between struggle vs essay
struggle
English
Alternative forms
- stroggell, strogell (obsolete)
Etymology
From Middle English struglen, stroglen, strogelen, of obscure origin. Cognate with Scots strugil (“to struggle, grapple, contend”). Perhaps from a variant of *strokelen, *stroukelen (> English stroll), from Middle Dutch struyckelen ("to stumble, trip, falter"; > Modern Dutch struikelen), the frequentative form of Old Dutch *str?kon (“to stumble”), from Proto-Germanic *str?k?n?, *str?k?n? (“to be stiff”), from Proto-Indo-European *strug-, *ster- (“to be stiff; to bristle, strut, stumble, fall”), related to Middle Low German strûkelen ("to stumble"; > Low German strükeln), Old High German str?hh?n, str?hh?n ("to stumble, trip, tumble, go astray"; > German strauchen, straucheln).
Alternative etymology derives the base of struggle from Old Norse strúgr (“arrogance, pride, spitefulness, ill-will”) + -le (frequentative suffix), from Proto-Germanic *str?kaz (“stiff, rigid”), ultimately from the same Proto-Indo-European root above, which would make it cognate with dialectal Swedish strug (“contention, strife, discord”), Norwegian stru (“obstinate, unruly”), Danish struende (“reluctantly”), Scots strug (“difficulty, perplexity, a laborious task”).
Pronunciation
- (UK, US) IPA(key): /?str???l/, [?st???l?]
- Hyphenation: strug?gle
- Rhymes: -???l
Noun
struggle (plural struggles)
- A contortion of the body in an attempt to escape or to perform a difficult task.
- (figuratively) Strife, contention, great effort.
Derived terms
- class struggle
- power struggle
Translations
Verb
struggle (third-person singular simple present struggles, present participle struggling, simple past and past participle struggled)
- To strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight (for or against), to contend.
- To strive, or to make efforts, with a twisting, or with contortions of the body.
Usage notes
- This is a catenative verb that takes the to infinitive. See Appendix:English catenative verbs
Translations
Anagrams
- gurglets
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essay
English
Etymology 1
Since late 16th century, borrowed from Middle French essay, essai (“essay”), meaning coined by Montaigne in the same time, from the same words in earlier meanings 'experiment; assay; attempt', from Old French essay, essai, assay, assai, from Latin exagium (“weight; weighing, testing on the balance”), from exigere + -ium.
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA(key): /???se?/
- Rhymes: -?se?
Noun
essay (plural essays)
- (authorship) A written composition of moderate length, exploring a particular issue or subject.
- (obsolete) A test, experiment; an assay.
- (now rare) An attempt.
- 1988, James McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom, Oxford 2003, p. 455:
- This was Lee's first essay in the kind of offensive-defensive strategy that was to become his hallmark.
- 1988, James McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom, Oxford 2003, p. 455:
- (philately, finance) A proposed design for a postage stamp or a banknote.
Derived terms
- photo essay
Related terms
- assay
- essayist
- essayistic
Translations
Etymology 2
From Middle French essayer, essaier, from Old French essaiier, essayer, essaier, assaiier, assayer, assaier, from essay, essai, assay, assai (“attempt; assay; experiment”) as above.
Pronunciation
- (UK, US) IPA(key): /??se?/, /???se?/
Verb
essay (third-person singular simple present essays, present participle essaying, simple past and past participle essayed)
- (dated, transitive) To try.
- (intransitive) To move forth, as into battle.
Translations
Anagrams
- Sayes, Seays, Sesay, eyass
Dutch
Etymology
Borrowed from English essay (“essay”), from Middle French essai (“essay; attempt, assay”), from Old French essai, from Latin exagium (whence the neuter gender).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /??se?/, /??.se?/
- Hyphenation: es?say
- Rhymes: -e?
Noun
essay n (plural essays, diminutive essaytje n)
- essay
Hypernyms
- betoog
Derived terms
- essayist
Descendants
- ? Indonesian: esai
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
Borrowed from English essay, from Middle French essai.
Noun
essay n (definite singular essayet, indefinite plural essay or essayer, definite plural essaya or essayene)
- an essay, a written composition of moderate length exploring a particular subject
Derived terms
- essaysamling
References
- “essay” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology
Borrowed from English essay, from Middle French essai.
Noun
essay n (definite singular essayet, indefinite plural essay, definite plural essaya)
- an essay, a written composition of moderate length exploring a particular subject
Derived terms
- essaysamling
References
- “essay” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
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