different between stratagem vs fraud

English

Etymology

From Middle English *stratageme, from Old French stratageme, from Latin strategema, from Ancient Greek ?????????? (strat?g?ma, “the act of a general, a piece of generalship”), from ????????? (strat?gé?, “to be a general, command an army”), from ????????? (strat?gós, “a general, the leader or commander of an army”). See strategy.

Pronunciation

• (US) IPA^(key): /?st?æt.?.d??m/

Noun

stratagem (plural stratagems)

1. A tactic or artifice designed to gain the upper hand, especially one involving underhanded dealings or deception.
   • 2012 March 22, Scott Tobias, AV Club The Hunger Games[1]:

     While Collins does include a love triangle, a coming-of-age story, and other YA-friendly elements in the mix, they serve as a Trojan horse to smuggle readers into a hopeless world where love becomes a stratagem and growing up is a matter of basic survival.

Related terms

• strategic
• strategist
• strategy

Translations

Further reading

• stratagem at OneLook Dictionary Search

Old French

Etymology

From Latin strategema, from Ancient Greek ?????????? (strat?g?ma).

Noun

stratagem m (oblique plural stratagens, nominative singular stratagens, nominative plural stratagem)

1. strategy; stratagem

English

Etymology

From Middle English fraude (recorded since 1345), from Old French fraude, a borrowing from Latin fraus (“deceit, injury, offence”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /f???d/
• (US) enPR: frôd, IPA^(key): /f??d/
• (cot–caught merger, Inland Northern American) enPR: fr?d, IPA^(key): /f??d/
• Rhymes: -??d

Noun

fraud (countable and uncountable, plural frauds)

1. (law) The crime of stealing or otherwise illegally obtaining money by use of deception tactics.
2. Any act of deception carried out for the purpose of unfair, undeserved and/or unlawful gain.
3. The assumption of a false identity to such deceptive end.
4. A person who performs any such trick.
5. (obsolete) A trap or snare.

Synonyms

• swindle
• scam
• (criminal) deceit
• trickery
• hoky-poky
• imposture
• (person) faker, fraudster, impostor, cheat(er), trickster
• grift

Related terms

• defraud
• fraudulence
• fraudulent
• fraudulently
• fraudulentness
• insurance fraud
• mail fraud
• pious fraud
• wire fraud

Translations

Verb

fraud (third-person singular simple present frauds, present participle frauding, simple past and past participle frauded)

1. (obsolete) To defraud

Translations

See also

• embezzlement
• false billing
• false advertising
• forgery
• identity theft
• predatory lending
• quackery
• usury
• white-collar crime

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

fraud f

1. form removed with the spelling reform of 1938; superseded by frau