different between stound vs astound

English

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /sta?nd/, /stu?nd/
• (US) IPA^(key): /sta?nd/, /stund/
• Rhymes: -a?nd, -u?nd

Etymology 1

From Middle English stond, stounde, stound (“hour, time, season, moment”), from Old English stund (“a period of time, while, hour, occasion”), from Proto-Germanic *stund? (“point in time, hour”), from Proto-Indo-European *stut- (“prop”), from Proto-Indo-European *steh?- (“to stand”). Cognate with Dutch stond (“hour, time, moment”), German Stunde (“hour”), Danish stund (“time, while”), and Swedish stund (“time, while”). Compare Middle English stunden (“to linger, stay, remain for a while”), Icelandic stunda (“to frequent, pursue”). Related to stand.

Alternative forms

• stund, stoind, stoond, stoon, stoun, stuind (Scotland)

Noun

stound (plural stounds)

1. (chronology, obsolete or dialectal) An hour.
   • 1765, Percy's Reliques, The King and the Tanner of Tamworth (original license: 1564):

     What booth wilt thou have? our king reply'd / Now tell me in this stound

2. (obsolete) A tide, season.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Chaucer to this entry?)

3. (archaic or dialectal) A time, length of time, hour, while.
   • 1801, Walter Scott, The Talisman:

     He lay and slept, and swet a stound, / And became whole and sound.

4. (archaic or dialectal) A brief span of time, moment, instant.

   Listen to me a little stound.
5. A moment or instance of urgency; exigence.
6. (dialectal) A sharp or sudden pain; a shock, an attack.
   • 1857, Alexander Maclaren, Expositions of Holy Scripture:

     No wonder that they cried unto the Lord, and felt a stound of despair shake their courage

   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, II.viii:

     ere the point arriued, where it ought, / That seuen-fold shield, which he from Guyon brought / He cast betwene to ward the bitter stound [...].

7. A stroke or blow (from an object or weapon); (by extension) a lashing; scourging
   • 1807, Sir Egerton Brydges, Censura Literaria:

     How many pipes, as many sounds Do still impart To your Sonne's hart / As many deadly wounds : How many strokes, as many stounds, Each stroke a dart, Each stound a smart, Poore captive me confounds.

   • 1843, Alexander Slidell Mackenzie, Proceedings of the Court of Inquiry appointed to inquire into the intended mutiny on board the United States Brig of War Somers, on the high seas:

     A colt is made of three stounds, I think; it is lighter, much, than the cat. The punishment with the colt is always given without stripping, over the clothes.

8. A fit, an episode or sudden outburst of emotion; a rush.
   • 1893, The Homoeopathic World:

     Several stounds of pain in the cleft between great and second toe (anterior tibial nerve). I forget which side, but I think it was the right. Slight pains in left temple, > pressure. Pain in upper part of right eyeball.

   • 1895, Mansie Wauch, The Life of Mansie Wauch: tailor in Dalkeith:

     [...] and run away with him, almost whether he will or not, in a stound of unbearable love!

9. Astonishment; amazement.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Edmund Spenser to this entry?)

   • 1720, John Gay, "Prologue", in Poems on Several Occasions

     we stood as in a stound,
     And wet with tears , like dew , the ground

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

stound (third-person singular simple present stounds, present participle stounding, simple past and past participle stounded)

1. (obsolete or dialectal, intransitive) To hurt, pain, smart.
   • 1819, John Keats, Otho the Great, Act IV, Scene II, verses 93-95

     Your wrath, weak boy ? Tremble at mine unless

     Retraction follow close upon the heels

     Of that late stounding insult […]

2. (obsolete or dialectal, intransitive) To be in pain or sorrow, mourn.
3. (obsolete or dialectal, intransitive) To long or pine after, desire.
   • 1823, Edward Moor, Suffolk words and phrases: or, An attempt to collect the lingual localisms of that county:

     Recently weaned children "stound after the breast."

Etymology 2

From Middle English stunden (“to linger, stay, remain for a while”). Cognate with Icelandic stunda (“to frequent, pursue”). More at stand.

Verb

stound (third-person singular simple present stounds, present participle stounding, simple past and past participle stounded)

1. (intransitive, obsolete) To stand still; stop.
2. (intransitive, Britain dialectal) To stop to listen; pause.

Noun

stound (plural stounds)

1. (Britain dialectal) A stand; a stop.

Etymology 3

From Middle English stound, stonde, stoonde, ston, from Old English stond (“a stand”). Compare stand.

Noun

stound (plural stounds)

1. A receptacle for holding small beer.
   • 1987, Alastair Mackie, Ingaidherins: Selected Poems - Page 54:

     Will Ardnamurchan never end? We're four stounds in a metal box [...]

Anagrams

• Dutson, donuts, stunod

Middle English

Alternative forms

• stounde, stounte, stowunde, stund, stunde, stunt, stonde, stont, stonte, stunden

Etymology

From Old English stund (“a period of time, while, hour, occasion”), from Proto-Germanic *stund? (“point in time, hour”).

Noun

stound

1. A while: a short span of time.
2. Time, especially the proper time for doing something:
   1. A moment, a chance, an opportunity.
   2. A season of the year.
   3. A canonical hour: one of the 3-hour divisions of the day, (Christianity) its divine office.
   4. An hour: one of the 24 divisions of the day.

Descendants

• English: stound
• Scots: stound

Adverb

stound

1. A while: for a short span of time.

References

• "st?und(e" in the Middle English Dictionary

Scots

Etymology 1

From Middle English stound (“a moment”), from Old English stund, Old Norse stund

Noun

stound (plural stounds)

1. A period of time, a moment.
2. (obsolete) A sudden pain, a pang.
3. (Middle Scots, obsolete) A stroke or blow (from an object or weapon).
4. (obsolete) A verbal attack, invective.

Verb

stound (third-person singular present stounds, present participle stoundin, past stoundit, past participle stoundit)

1. (transitive) To inflict pain on, to wound.
2. (intransitive) To hurt, to be painful.

References

• stound n. in A Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue, Scottish Language Dictionaries, Edinburgh.
• stound v.¹ in A Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue, Scottish Language Dictionaries, Edinburgh.

Etymology 2

From Middle English stun, stunien; Middle English astound

Verb

stound (third-person singular present stounds, present participle stoundin, past stoundit, past participle stoundit)

1. To astound, to stupefy, to terrify

References

• stound v.² in A Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue, Scottish Language Dictionaries, Edinburgh.

English

Etymology

From Middle English astouned, astoned, astuned, past participle of astounen, astonen, astunen (“to astonish”). More at astonish.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??sta?nd/
• Rhymes: -a?nd

Verb

astound (third-person singular simple present astounds, present participle astounding, simple past and past participle astounded)

1. To astonish, bewilder or dazzle.
   • 1637, John Milton, Comus, London: Humphrey Robinson, p. 8,^[1]

     These thoughts may startle well, but not astound

     The vertuous mind […]

   • 1820, Walter Scott, Ivanhoe, Chapter 22,^[2]

     The yell which Isaac raised at this unfeeling communication made the very vault to ring, and astounded the two Saracens so much that they let go their hold of the Jew.

   • 1848, Elizabeth Gaskell, Mary Barton, Chapter 6,^[3]

     The vices of the poor sometimes astound us here; but when the secrets of all hearts shall be made known, their virtues will astound us in far greater degree. Of this I am certain.

   • 1982, Paul Auster, “On the High Wire” in The Art of Hunger, Los Angeles: Sun & Moon Press, 1992, p. 240,^[4]

     A young man had strung a wire between the towers of Notre-Dame Cathedral and walked and juggled and danced on it for three hours, astounding the crowds of people below.

Derived terms

• astoundable
• astounded
• astounder
• astounding

Translations

Adjective

astound (comparative more astound, superlative most astound)

1. (obsolete) Stunned; astounded; astonished.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, London: William Ponsonbie, Book 1, Canto 9, p. 129,^[5]

     […] his hollow eyne

     Lookt deadly dull, and stared as astound;

   • 1760, George Alexander Stevens, The History of Tom Fool, London: T. Waller, Volume 2, Chapter 2, p. 9,^[6]

     For some Moments the Esquire stood astound, he rubb’d his Eyes, look’d on his Sister, stared at the Maid:

   • 1810, Walter Scott, The Lady of the Lake, Edinburgh: John Ballantyne, Canto 2, Stanza 31, p. 36,^[7]

     Thus Ellen, dizzy and astound,

     As sudden ruin yawned around,

     By crossing terrors wildly tossed,

     Still for the Douglas fearing most,

     Could scarce the desperate thought withstand,

     To buy his safety with her hand.

Further reading

• astound in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• astound in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• astound at OneLook Dictionary Search