different between stound vs past

English

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /sta?nd/, /stu?nd/
• (US) IPA^(key): /sta?nd/, /stund/
• Rhymes: -a?nd, -u?nd

Etymology 1

From Middle English stond, stounde, stound (“hour, time, season, moment”), from Old English stund (“a period of time, while, hour, occasion”), from Proto-Germanic *stund? (“point in time, hour”), from Proto-Indo-European *stut- (“prop”), from Proto-Indo-European *steh?- (“to stand”). Cognate with Dutch stond (“hour, time, moment”), German Stunde (“hour”), Danish stund (“time, while”), and Swedish stund (“time, while”). Compare Middle English stunden (“to linger, stay, remain for a while”), Icelandic stunda (“to frequent, pursue”). Related to stand.

Alternative forms

• stund, stoind, stoond, stoon, stoun, stuind (Scotland)

Noun

stound (plural stounds)

1. (chronology, obsolete or dialectal) An hour.
   • 1765, Percy's Reliques, The King and the Tanner of Tamworth (original license: 1564):

     What booth wilt thou have? our king reply'd / Now tell me in this stound

2. (obsolete) A tide, season.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Chaucer to this entry?)

3. (archaic or dialectal) A time, length of time, hour, while.
   • 1801, Walter Scott, The Talisman:

     He lay and slept, and swet a stound, / And became whole and sound.

4. (archaic or dialectal) A brief span of time, moment, instant.

   Listen to me a little stound.
5. A moment or instance of urgency; exigence.
6. (dialectal) A sharp or sudden pain; a shock, an attack.
   • 1857, Alexander Maclaren, Expositions of Holy Scripture:

     No wonder that they cried unto the Lord, and felt a stound of despair shake their courage

   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, II.viii:

     ere the point arriued, where it ought, / That seuen-fold shield, which he from Guyon brought / He cast betwene to ward the bitter stound [...].

7. A stroke or blow (from an object or weapon); (by extension) a lashing; scourging
   • 1807, Sir Egerton Brydges, Censura Literaria:

     How many pipes, as many sounds Do still impart To your Sonne's hart / As many deadly wounds : How many strokes, as many stounds, Each stroke a dart, Each stound a smart, Poore captive me confounds.

   • 1843, Alexander Slidell Mackenzie, Proceedings of the Court of Inquiry appointed to inquire into the intended mutiny on board the United States Brig of War Somers, on the high seas:

     A colt is made of three stounds, I think; it is lighter, much, than the cat. The punishment with the colt is always given without stripping, over the clothes.

8. A fit, an episode or sudden outburst of emotion; a rush.
   • 1893, The Homoeopathic World:

     Several stounds of pain in the cleft between great and second toe (anterior tibial nerve). I forget which side, but I think it was the right. Slight pains in left temple, > pressure. Pain in upper part of right eyeball.

   • 1895, Mansie Wauch, The Life of Mansie Wauch: tailor in Dalkeith:

     [...] and run away with him, almost whether he will or not, in a stound of unbearable love!

9. Astonishment; amazement.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Edmund Spenser to this entry?)

   • 1720, John Gay, "Prologue", in Poems on Several Occasions

     we stood as in a stound,
     And wet with tears , like dew , the ground

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

stound (third-person singular simple present stounds, present participle stounding, simple past and past participle stounded)

1. (obsolete or dialectal, intransitive) To hurt, pain, smart.
   • 1819, John Keats, Otho the Great, Act IV, Scene II, verses 93-95

     Your wrath, weak boy ? Tremble at mine unless

     Retraction follow close upon the heels

     Of that late stounding insult […]

2. (obsolete or dialectal, intransitive) To be in pain or sorrow, mourn.
3. (obsolete or dialectal, intransitive) To long or pine after, desire.
   • 1823, Edward Moor, Suffolk words and phrases: or, An attempt to collect the lingual localisms of that county:

     Recently weaned children "stound after the breast."

Etymology 2

From Middle English stunden (“to linger, stay, remain for a while”). Cognate with Icelandic stunda (“to frequent, pursue”). More at stand.

Verb

stound (third-person singular simple present stounds, present participle stounding, simple past and past participle stounded)

1. (intransitive, obsolete) To stand still; stop.
2. (intransitive, Britain dialectal) To stop to listen; pause.

Noun

stound (plural stounds)

1. (Britain dialectal) A stand; a stop.

Etymology 3

From Middle English stound, stonde, stoonde, ston, from Old English stond (“a stand”). Compare stand.

Noun

stound (plural stounds)

1. A receptacle for holding small beer.
   • 1987, Alastair Mackie, Ingaidherins: Selected Poems - Page 54:

     Will Ardnamurchan never end? We're four stounds in a metal box [...]

Anagrams

• Dutson, donuts, stunod

Middle English

Alternative forms

• stounde, stounte, stowunde, stund, stunde, stunt, stonde, stont, stonte, stunden

Etymology

From Old English stund (“a period of time, while, hour, occasion”), from Proto-Germanic *stund? (“point in time, hour”).

Noun

stound

1. A while: a short span of time.
2. Time, especially the proper time for doing something:
   1. A moment, a chance, an opportunity.
   2. A season of the year.
   3. A canonical hour: one of the 3-hour divisions of the day, (Christianity) its divine office.
   4. An hour: one of the 24 divisions of the day.

Descendants

• English: stound
• Scots: stound

Adverb

stound

1. A while: for a short span of time.

References

• "st?und(e" in the Middle English Dictionary

Scots

Etymology 1

From Middle English stound (“a moment”), from Old English stund, Old Norse stund

Noun

stound (plural stounds)

1. A period of time, a moment.
2. (obsolete) A sudden pain, a pang.
3. (Middle Scots, obsolete) A stroke or blow (from an object or weapon).
4. (obsolete) A verbal attack, invective.

Verb

stound (third-person singular present stounds, present participle stoundin, past stoundit, past participle stoundit)

1. (transitive) To inflict pain on, to wound.
2. (intransitive) To hurt, to be painful.

References

• stound n. in A Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue, Scottish Language Dictionaries, Edinburgh.
• stound v.¹ in A Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue, Scottish Language Dictionaries, Edinburgh.

Etymology 2

From Middle English stun, stunien; Middle English astound

Verb

stound (third-person singular present stounds, present participle stoundin, past stoundit, past participle stoundit)

1. To astound, to stupefy, to terrify

References

• stound v.² in A Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue, Scottish Language Dictionaries, Edinburgh.

English

Etymology

From Middle English, past participle of passen (“to pass, to go by”), whence Modern English pass.

Pronunciation

• (UK) enPR: päst, IPA^(key): /p??st/
• (US) enPR: p?st, IPA^(key): /pæst/
• Homophone: passed
• Rhymes: -æst, -??st

Noun

past (plural pasts)

1. The period of time that has already happened, in contrast to the present and the future.
   • 1830, Daniel Webster, a speech

     The past, at least, is secure.

   • 1860, Richard Chenevix Trench, On the English Language, Past and Present

     The present is only intelligible in the light of the past, often a very remote past indeed.

2. (grammar) The past tense.

Synonyms

• (period of time that has already happened): foretime, yestertide; see also Thesaurus:the past

Derived terms

Translations

See also

• preterite

Adjective

past (comparative more past, superlative most past)

1. Having already happened; in the past; finished. [from 14th c.]

2. (postmodifier) Following expressions of time to indicate how long ago something happened; ago. [from 15th c.]
   • 1999, George RR Martin, A Clash of Kings, Bantam 2011, page 538:

     That had been, what, three years past?

   • 2009, John Sadler, Glencoe, Amberley 2009, page 20:

     Some four decades past, as a boy, I had a chance encounter and conversation with the late W.A. Poucher [...].

3. Of a period of time: having just gone by; previous. [from 15th c.]

4. (grammar) Of a tense, expressing action that has already happened or a previously-existing state. [from 18th c.]

Synonyms

• (having already happened): bygone, foregone; see also Thesaurus:past
• (having just gone by): foregone, preceding, used-to-be; see also Thesaurus:former

Translations

Adverb

past (comparative more past, superlative most past)

1. In a direction that passes.

   Synonym: by

   I watched him walk past

Translations

Preposition

past

1. Beyond in place or quantity

   the room past mine

   count past twenty

2. (time) Any number of minutes after the last hour

   What's the time? - It's now quarter past twelve midday (or 12.15pm).

   Antonym: to
3. No longer capable of.

   I'm past caring what he thinks of me.

4. Having recovered or moved on from (a traumatic experience, etc.).
5. Passing by, especially without stopping or being delayed.

   Ignore them, we'll play past them.

   Please don't drive past the fruit stand, I want to stop there.

Derived terms

• see past the end of one's nose

Translations

Verb

past

1. (obsolete) simple past tense and past participle of pass
   • 1632, John Vicars, The XII Aeneids of Virgil

     Great Tuscane dames, as she their towns past by, / Wisht her their daughter-in-law, but frustrately.

Related terms

• past master
• past it
• run past
• slip one past
• sneak past
• talk past

Anagrams

• APTS, APTs, ATSP, PATs, PSAT, PTAs, PTSA, TAPs, TPAs, Taps, ap'ts, apts, pats, spat, stap, taps

Czech

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /past/
• Rhymes: -ast

Noun

past f

1. trap (a device designed to catch and sometimes kill animals)

Declension

Derived terms

• pasti?ka

See also

• lé?ka
• záloha
• nástraha
• úskalí

Further reading

• past in P?íru?ní slovník jazyka ?eského, 1935–1957
• past in Slovník spisovného jazyka ?eského, 1960–1971, 1989

Anagrams

• spát
• psát

Dutch

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -?st
• IPA^(key): /p?st/

Verb

past

1. second- and third-person singular present indicative of passen
2. (archaic) plural imperative of passen

Anagrams

• spat, stap, taps

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French past, from Latin pastus (“pasture”).

Noun

past m (plural pasts)

1. food, meal

Old French

Etymology

From Latin pastus (“pasture”), probably influenced by paste (“dough, pastry”).

Alternative forms

• paist, pest, pas

Noun

past m (nominative singular past)

1. food, meal

Descendants

• Middle French: past

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /past/

Noun

past f

1. genitive plural of pasta

Slovene

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pá?st/

Noun

p?st f

1. trap

Inflection

Verb

p?st

1. supine of pásti

Further reading

• “past”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran