different between state vs avouch
state
English
Etymology
Middle English (as a noun); adopted c. 1200 from both Old French estat and Latin status (“manner of standing, attitude, position, carriage, manner, dress, apparel; and other senses”), from stare (“to stand”). Doublet of estate and status. The sense of "polity" develops in the 14th century. Compare French être, Greek ???? (stéo), Italian stare, Portuguese estar, Romanian sta, and Spanish estar.
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA(key): /ste?t/
- Rhymes: -e?t
Noun
state (plural states)
- A condition; a set of circumstances applying at any given time.
- (physics) A complete description of a system, consisting of parameters that determine all properties of the system.
- 1977, J. B. Sykes and John Stewart Bell, translating Lev Landau and Evgeny Lifshitz, Course of Theoretical Physics Vol. 3: Quantum Mechanics: Non-relativistic Theory, p.28:
- States in which the energy has definite values are called stationary states of a system; they are described by wave functions ?n which are the eigenfunctions of the Hamiltonian operator, i.e. which satisfy the equation ??n = En?n, where En are the eigenvalues of the energy.
- 1977, J. B. Sykes and John Stewart Bell, translating Lev Landau and Evgeny Lifshitz, Course of Theoretical Physics Vol. 3: Quantum Mechanics: Non-relativistic Theory, p.28:
- (computing) The stable condition of a processor during a particular clock cycle.
- (computing) The set of all parameters relevant to a computation.
- (computing) The values of all parameters at some point in a computation.
- (sciences) The physical property of matter as solid, liquid, gas or plasma.
- (obsolete) Highest and stationary condition, as that of maturity between growth and decline, or as that of crisis between the increase and the abating of a disease; height; acme.
- (physics) A complete description of a system, consisting of parameters that determine all properties of the system.
- High social standing or circumstance.
- Pomp, ceremony, or dignity.
- Rank; condition; quality.
- c. 1593, William Shakespeare, Richard III, [Act I, Scene iii]:
- And le?ned by that ?mall, God I be?eech him, / Thy honor, ?tate, and ?eate, is due to me.
- c. 1593, William Shakespeare, Richard III, [Act I, Scene iii]:
- Condition of prosperity or grandeur; wealthy or prosperous circumstances; social importance.
- A chair with a canopy above it, often standing on a dais; a seat of dignity; also, the canopy itself.
- (obsolete) A great person, a dignitary; a lord or prince.
- 1644, John Milton, Aeropagitica, page 1:
- They who to States and Governours of the Commonwealth direct their Speech, High Court of Parlament, or wanting ?uch acce??e in a private condition, write that which they fore?ee may advance the publick good?; I ?uppo?e them as at the beginning of no meane endeavour, not a little alter’d and mov’d inwardly in their mindes […]
- 1644, John Milton, Aeropagitica, page 1:
- (obsolete) Estate, possession.
- Pomp, ceremony, or dignity.
- A polity.
- Any sovereign polity; a national or city-state government.
- a. 1949, Albert Einstein, as quoted by Virgil Henshaw in Albert Einstein: Philosopher Scientist (1949)
- Never do anything against conscience even if the state demands it.
- a. 1949, Albert Einstein, as quoted by Virgil Henshaw in Albert Einstein: Philosopher Scientist (1949)
- A political division of a federation retaining a notable degree of autonomy, as in the United States, Germany, or Australia.
- (obsolete) A form of government other than a monarchy.
- (anthropology) A society larger than a tribe. A society large enough to form a state in the sense of a government.
- Any sovereign polity; a national or city-state government.
- (mathematics, stochastic processes) An element of the range of the random variables that define a random process.
- (grammar, semantics) The lexical aspect (aktionsart) of verbs or predicates that do not change over time.
- Antonym: occurrence
Hyponyms
Derived terms
Pages starting with “state”.
Translations
Verb
state (third-person singular simple present states, present participle stating, simple past and past participle stated)
- (transitive) To declare to be a fact.
- Carried somehow, somewhither, for some reason, on these surging floods, were these travelers, of errand not wholly obvious to their fellows, yet of such sort as to call into query alike the nature of their errand and their own relations. It is easily earned repetition to state that Josephine St. Auban's was a presence not to be concealed.
- (transitive) To make known.
Usage notes
State is stronger or more definitive than say. It is used to communicate an absence of reasonable doubt and to emphasize the factual or truthful nature of the communication.
Synonyms
- See Thesaurus:communicate
Translations
Adjective
state (comparative more state, superlative most state)
- (obsolete) Stately.
Related terms
- estate
- statistics
- status
- State
See also
- department
- province
Further reading
- state on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
References
- state at OneLook Dictionary Search
- state in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
- state in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- state in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
Anagrams
- Satet, Testa, Tetas, aetts, atest, taste, teats, testa
Afrikaans
Noun
state
- plural of staat
Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?sta.te/
- Rhymes: -ate
- Hyphenation: stà?te
Etymology 1
Apheretic form of estate.
Noun
state f (plural stati)
- (Tuscany) Alternative form of estate
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the main entry.
Verb
state
- inflection of stare:
- second-person plural present indicative
- second-person plural imperative
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the main entry.
Participle
state
- feminine plural of stato
Anagrams
- setta, testa
References
- state in Dizionario Italiano Olivetti
Latin
Verb
st?te
- second-person plural present active imperative of st?
Participle
state
- vocative masculine singular of status
state From the web:
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avouch
English
Etymology
From Old French avouchier, from Latin advoc?re, present active infinitive of advoc?. Doublet of advocate, advoke, and avow.
Verb
avouch (third-person singular simple present avouches, present participle avouching, simple past and past participle avouched)
- To declare freely and openly; to assert.
- 1596, Edmund Spenser, A View of the Present State of Ireland, Dublin: Hibernia Press, 1809, p. 76,[1]
- Neither indeede would I have thought, that any such antiquities could have been avouched for the Irish, that maketh me the more to long to see some other of your observations, which you have gathered out of that country […]
- c. 1605, William Shakespeare, Macbeth, Act V, Scene 5,[2]
- If this which he avouches does appear,
- There is nor flying hence nor tarrying here.
- 1596, Edmund Spenser, A View of the Present State of Ireland, Dublin: Hibernia Press, 1809, p. 76,[1]
- To acknowledge deliberately; to admit; to confess; to sanction.
- 1611, King James Version of the Bible, Deuteronomy 26:17-18,[3]
- Thou hast avouched the Lord this day to be thy God, and to walk in his ways, and to keep his statutes, and his commandments, and his judgments, and to hearken unto his voice: And the Lord hath avouched thee this day to be his peculiar people, as he hath promised thee, and that thou shouldest keep all his commandments;
- 1611, King James Version of the Bible, Deuteronomy 26:17-18,[3]
- To confirm or verify, to affirm the validity of.
- 1571, Arthur Golding, The Psalmes of David and others. With M. John Calvins Commentaries, “Epistle Dedicatorie,”[4]
- For ( […] as the sorowfull dooings of our present dayes do too certeinly avouch) greate men hurt not the common weale so much by beeing evil in respect of themselves, as by drawing others unto evil by their evil example.
- 1855, Henry Hart Milman, History of Latin Christianity, London: John Murray, Volume 2, Book 4, Chapter 7, p. 159,[5]
- As a great public document, addressed to the whole Christian world by him who aspired to be the first ecclesiastic, we might be disposed to question its authenticity, if it were not avouched by the full evidence in its favour and its agreement with all the events of the period.
- 1571, Arthur Golding, The Psalmes of David and others. With M. John Calvins Commentaries, “Epistle Dedicatorie,”[4]
- To appeal to; to cite or claim as authority.
- 1628, Edward Coke, Institutes of the Lawes of England, Volume 1, Book 3, Chapter 5 “Of Estates upon Condition,” Section 350, p. 216,[6]
- And for proofe of their opinion they avouch many successions of authorities that no fee simple should passe before the condition performed.
- 1628, Edward Coke, Institutes of the Lawes of England, Volume 1, Book 3, Chapter 5 “Of Estates upon Condition,” Section 350, p. 216,[6]
Related terms
- avouchment
- vouch
Translations
Noun
avouch (uncountable)
- (obsolete) evidence; declaration
- c. 1600, William Shakespeare, Hamlet, Act I, Scene 1,[7]
- Before my God, I might not this believe
- Without the sensible and true avouch
- Of mine own eyes.
- c. 1600, William Shakespeare, Hamlet, Act I, Scene 1,[7]
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