different between spell vs dose

English

Pronunciation

• enPR: sp?l, IPA^(key): /sp?l/
• Rhymes: -?l

Etymology 1

From Middle English spell, spel, from Old English spell (“news, story”), from Proto-Germanic *spell? (“speech, account, tale”), from Proto-Indo-European *spel- (“to tell”). Cognate with dialectal German Spill, Icelandic spjall (“discussion, talk”), spjalla (“to discuss, to talk”), guðspjall (“gospel”) and Albanian fjalë (“word”).

Noun

spell (plural spells)

1. Words or a formula supposed to have magical powers. [from 16th c.]

   Synonyms: cantrip, incantation

2. A magical effect or influence induced by an incantation or formula. [from 16th c.]

   Synonym: cantrip
3. (obsolete) Speech, discourse. [8th–15th c.]

Derived terms

• byspel
• spellbind
• spellbound
• spellwork

Translations

Verb

spell (third-person singular simple present spells, present participle spelling, simple past and past participle spelled)

1. To put under the influence of a spell; to affect by a spell; to bewitch; to fascinate; to charm.
   • 1647, George Buck, The History and Life and Reigne of Richard the Third, London, Book 4, p. 116,^[1]

     […] although the Kings Jealousie was thus particular to her, his Affection was as general to others […] Above all, for a time he was much speld with Elianor Talbot […]

   • 1697, John Dryden (translator), Georgics, Book 3 in The Works of Virgil, London: Jacob Tonson, p. 109, lines 444-446,^[2]

     This, gather’d in the Planetary Hour,

     With noxious Weeds, and spell’d with Words of pow’r

     Dire Stepdames in the Magick Bowl infuse;

   • 1817, John Keats, “To a Friend who sent me some Roses” in Poems, London: C. & J. Ollier, p. 83,^[3]

     But when, O Wells! thy roses came to me

     My sense with their deliciousness was spell’d:

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English spellen, from Anglo-Norman espeler, espeleir, Old French espeller, espeler (compare Modern French épeler), from Frankish *spel?n, merged with native Old English spellian (“to tell, speak”), both eventually from Proto-Germanic *spell?n? (“to speak”). Related with etymology 1. The sense “indicate a future event” probably in part a backformation from forespell (literally “to tell in advance”).

Verb

spell (third-person singular simple present spells, present participle spelling, simple past and past participle spelled or (mostly UK) spelt)

1. (transitive, obsolete) To read (something) as though letter by letter; to peruse slowly or with effort. [from 14th c.]
   • 1851, Herman Melville, Moby Dick:

     "He'll do," said Bildad, eyeing me, and then went on spelling away at his book in a mumbling tone quite audible.

2. (transitive, sometimes with “out”) To write or say the letters that form a word or part of a word. [from 16th c.]
3. (intransitive) To be able to write or say the letters that form words.

4. (transitive) Of letters: to compose (a word). [from 19th c.]
5. (transitive, figuratively, with “out”) To clarify; to explain in detail. [from 20th c.]
   • 2003, U.S. Senator Ben Nighthorse Campbel, Hearing before the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, ?ISBN:

     When we get elected, for instance, we get one of these, and we are pretty much told what is in it, and it is our responsibility to read it and understand it, and if we do not, the Ethics Committee, we can call them any time of day and ask them to spell it out for us […]

6. (transitive) To indicate that (some event) will occur. [from 19th c.]

7. To constitute; to measure.

   • the Saxon heptarchy, when seven kings put together did spell but one in effect

8. (obsolete) To speak, to declaim. [9th-16th c.]
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, I.ii:

     O who can tell / The hidden power of herbes, and might of Magicke spell?

9. (obsolete) To tell; to relate; to teach.
   • 1770, Thomas Warton, “Ode on the Approach of Summer” in A Collection of Poems in Four Volumes, London: G. Pearch, Volume 1, p. 278,^[5]

     As thro’ the caverns dim I wind,

     Might I that legend find,

     By fairies spelt in mystic rhymes,

Derived terms

• fingerspell
• forespell
• speller
• spelling
• spello
• spell out
• spell trouble

Synonyms

• (to indicate that some event will occur): forebode; mean; signify
• (to work in place of someone else): relieve
• (to compose a word): (informal) comprise

Translations

Etymology 3

From Middle English spelen, from Old English spelian (“to represent, take or stand in the place of another, act as a representative of another”), akin to Middle English spale (“a rest or break”), Old English spala (“representative, substitute”).

Verb

spell (third-person singular simple present spells, present participle spelling, simple past and past participle spelled or spelt)

1. (transitive) To work in place of (someone).

   to spell the helmsman

2. (transitive) To rest (someone or something), to give someone or something a rest or break.

   They spelled the horses and rested in the shade of some trees near a brook.

3. (intransitive, colloquial) To rest from work for a time.

Derived terms

• spell off

Translations

Noun

spell (plural spells)

1. A shift (of work); (rare) a set of workers responsible for a specific turn of labour. [from 16th c.]
2. (informal) A definite period (of work or other activity). [from 18th c.]
3. (colloquial) An indefinite period of time (usually with a qualifier); by extension, a relatively short distance. [from 18th c.]
4. A period of rest; time off. [from 19th c.]
5. (colloquial, US) A period of illness, or sudden interval of bad spirits, disease etc. [from 19th c.]
6. (cricket) An uninterrupted series of alternate overs bowled by a single bowler. [from 20th c.]

Derived terms

• cold spell
• dry spell
• set a spell

Descendants

• ? Welsh: sbel

Translations

Quotations

• For quotations using this term, see Citations:spell.

Etymology 4

Origin uncertain; perhaps a form of speld.

Noun

spell (plural spells)

1. (dialectal) A splinter, usually of wood; a spelk.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Holland to this entry?)

2. The wooden bat in the game of trap ball, or knurr and spell.

Anagrams

• Pells, pells

Faroese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sp?tl/

Noun

spell n (genitive singular spels, plural spell)

1. pity, shame
   • stór spell

     big shame

   • tað var spell

     it was a pity

   • spell var í honum

     it was too bad for him

Declension

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

From the verb spelle

Noun

spell n (definite singular spellet, indefinite plural spell, definite plural spella or spellene)

1. Alternative form of spill

See also

• spel (Nynorsk)

Etymology 2

Verb

spell

1. imperative of spelle

Old English

Alternative forms

• spel

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *spell.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /spell/, [spe?]

Noun

spell n

1. story
   • late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans

2. news
   • late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans

3. prose or a work of prose
   • late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' The Consolation of Philosophy

Declension

Antonyms

• l?oþ (“poem”)
• l?oþcræft (“poetry”)

Derived terms

• b?spell
• godspell
• spellian

Descendants

• Middle English: spell, spel
  • English: spell

References

• “spell” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

English

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Middle French dose, from Late Latin dosis, from Ancient Greek ????? (dósis, “a portion prescribed”, literally “a giving”), used by Galen and other Greek physicians to mean an amount of medicine, from ?????? (díd?mi, “to give”). Doublet of doos.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /d??s/
• (US) IPA^(key): /do?s/
• Rhymes: -??s

Noun

dose (plural doses)

1. A measured portion of medicine taken at any one time.
2. The quantity of an agent (not always active) substance or radiation administered at any one time.
3. (figuratively, dated) Anything disagreeable that must be taken.
4. (figuratively, dated) A good measure or lengthy experience of something.
5. A venereal infection.
   • 1978, Lawrence Durrell, Livia, Faber & Faber 1992 (Avignon Quintet), p. 382:

     It would be very expensive to cure a dose here, as well as unbelievably painful.

Related terms

• dosage

Translations

Verb

dose (third-person singular simple present doses, present participle dosing, simple past and past participle dosed)

1. (transitive) To administer a dose to.
2. To prescribe a dose.
3. To transmit a venereal disease.
   • 1977, The White Buffalo, Wild Bill Hickok:

     Sometime back, one of your scarlet sisters dosed me proper.

Translations

Etymology 2

Noun

dose (plural doses)

1. Archaic form of doze.
   • 1839, Benjamin Abbott, Experience and Gospel Labors of the Rev. Benjamin Abbott

     Just at the dawning of the day, I fell into a dose more like sleep than any I had during the whole night, in which I dreamed that I saw a river as clear as crystal […]

Verb

dose (third-person singular simple present doses, present participle dosing, simple past and past participle dosed)

1. Archaic form of doze.

Anagrams

• Does, SOED, deos, deso, does, odes

Afrikaans

Noun

dose

1. plural of doos

Cebuano

Etymology

From Spanish doce, from Old Spanish doze, dodze, from Latin duodecim.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: do?se

Numeral

dose

1. twelve

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:dose.

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /doz/

Etymology 1

From Latin dosis, from Ancient Greek ????? (dósis). Doublet of dot.

Noun

dose f (plural doses)

1. proportion
2. dose

Derived terms

• dose de cheval
• en avoir sa dose

Related terms

• doser

Descendants

• ? Turkish: doz

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Verb

dose

1. first-person singular present indicative of doser
2. third-person singular present indicative of doser
3. first-person singular present subjunctive of doser
4. third-person singular present subjunctive of doser
5. second-person singular imperative of doser

Further reading

• “dose” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Italian

Noun

dose f (plural dosi)

1. dose
2. quantity, amount, measure
3. deal (great-good) (gran dose-buona dose)

Derived terms

• dosare

Anagrams

• sedo, sedò, sode

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ????? (dósis)

Noun

dose m (definite singular dosen, indefinite plural doser, definite plural dosene)

1. a dose, dosage

References

• “dose” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “dose_2” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ????? (dósis)

Noun

dose m (definite singular dosen, indefinite plural dosar, definite plural dosane)

1. a dose, dosage

References

• “dose” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Pali

Alternative forms

Noun

dose

1. locative singular of dosa
2. accusative plural of dosa

Portuguese

Noun

dose f (plural doses)

1. dose (measured portion of medicine)
2. (Portugal) portion (of a meal / food)

   Synonym: porção

3. (informal) fix (a single dose of an addictive drug)

Further reading

• “dose” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.

Tagalog

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish doce

Numeral

dose

1. twelve

   Synonym: labindalawa