different between shorten vs dock
shorten
English
Etymology
From Middle English shortnen, schortenen, equivalent to short +? -en (verbal suffix). In some senses, a continuation (in altered form) of Middle English schorten (“to make short, shorten”), from Old English s?ortian (“to become short”), from Proto-Germanic *skurt?n? (“to shorten”).
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /????t?n/
- (US) IPA(key): /????t?n/
Verb
shorten (third-person singular simple present shortens, present participle shortening, simple past and past participle shortened)
- (transitive) To make shorter; to abbreviate.
- 1877, Anna Sewell, Black Beauty Chapter 22[1]
- York came round to our heads and shortened the rein himself, one hole I think; every little makes a difference, be it for better or worse, and that day we had a steep hill to go up.
- 1877, Anna Sewell, Black Beauty Chapter 22[1]
- (intransitive) To become shorter.
- (transitive) To make deficient (as to); to deprive (of).
- Spoiled of his nose, and shorten'd of his ears.
- (transitive) To make short or friable, as pastry, with butter, lard, etc.
- (transitive) To reduce or diminish in amount, quantity, or extent; to lessen.
- to shorten an allowance of food
- 1699, John Dryden, Dedication to His Grace the Duke of Ormond
- Here, where the subject is so fruitful, I am shortened by my chain.
- 1858, George Borrow, The Romany Rye (volume 2, page 128)
- My grandfather, as I said before, was connected with a gang of shorters, and sometimes shortened money, […]
- (nautical, transitive) To take in the slack of (a rope).
- (nautical, transitive) To reduce (sail) by taking it in.
Synonyms
- See also Thesaurus:shorten
Antonyms
- extend
- lengthen
Translations
Anagrams
- Herston, Hornets, Rhotens, Thorens, Thorsen, enhorts, hornets, snoreth, thrones
shorten From the web:
- what shortens during muscle contraction
- what shortens your period
- what shortens when a muscle fiber contracts
- what shortens telomeres
- what shortens a cold
- what shortens your life
- what shortens when a muscle is contracted
dock
English
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /d?k/
- (General American) IPA(key): /d?k/
- Rhymes: -?k
- Homophones: Doc, doc
Etymology 1
Middle English dokke, from Old English docce, from Proto-Germanic *dukk- (compare Old Danish dokke (“water-dock”), West Flemish dokke, dokkebladeren (“coltsfoot, butterbur”)), from Proto-Indo-European *d?ew- (“dark”) (compare Latvian duga (“scum, slime on water”)).
Noun
dock (countable and uncountable, plural docks)
- Any of the genus Rumex of coarse weedy plants with small green flowers related to buckwheat, especially bitter dock (Rumex obtusifolius), and used as potherbs and in folk medicine, especially in curing nettle rash.
- A burdock plant, or the leaves of that plant.
Translations
References
Etymology 2
From Middle English dok, from Old English *docce, *docca (as in fingirdoccana (“finger muscles”, genitive plural)), from Proto-Germanic *dukk? (compare West Frisian dok (“bunch, ball (twine)”), Low German Dokke (“bundle of straw”), Icelandic dokkur (“stumpy tail”)), from Proto-Indo-European *d?eu-k- (“to spin, shake”) (compare Lithuanian dv??kti (“to breathe, wheeze”), dvãkas (“breath”), Albanian dak (“big ram”), Sanskrit ??????? (dhuk?ati, “to blow”)).
Noun
dock (plural docks)
- The fleshy root of an animal's tail.
- The part of the tail which remains after the tail has been docked.
- 1681, Nehemiah Grew, Musaeum Regalis Societatis, or, A catalogue & description of the natural and artificial rarities belonging to the Royal Society and preserved at Gresham Colledge
- The Dock is about 1 inch thick, and two inches broad, like an Apothecaries Spatule. Of what length the whole, is uncertain, this being only part of it, though it looks as if cut off near the Buttock
- 1681, Nehemiah Grew, Musaeum Regalis Societatis, or, A catalogue & description of the natural and artificial rarities belonging to the Royal Society and preserved at Gresham Colledge
- (obsolete) The buttocks or anus.
- 1665, Charles Cotton, Scarronnides:
- And on a Cu?hion ?tuffed with Flocks, / She clapt her dainty pair of Docks.
- 1665, Charles Cotton, Scarronnides:
- A leather case to cover the clipped or cut tail of a horse.
Translations
Verb
dock (third-person singular simple present docks, present participle docking, simple past and past participle docked)
- (transitive) To cut off a section of an animal's tail, to practise a caudectomy.
- (transitive) To reduce (wages); to deduct from.
- (transitive) To cut off, bar, or destroy.
Translations
References
Etymology 3
From Middle English dock (“mud channel”), from Middle Dutch docke (“channel”) (modern Dutch dok (“lock (canal)”)), from Old Italian doccia (“conduit, canal”) or Medieval Latin ducta, ductus. More at douche and duct.
Noun
dock (plural docks)
- (nautical) A fixed structure attached to shore to which a vessel is secured when in port.
- A structure attached to shore for loading and unloading vessels.
- The body of water between two piers.
- The place of arrival and departure of a train in a railway station.
- A section of a hotel or restaurant.
- (electronics) A device designed as a base for holding a connected portable appliance such as a laptop computer (in this case, referred to as a docking station), or a mobile telephone, for providing the necessary electrical charge for its autonomy, or as a hardware extension for additional capabilities.
- (computing, graphical user interface) A toolbar that provides the user with a way of launching applications, and switching between running applications.
- An act of docking; joining two things together.
Synonyms
- (body of water between piers): slip
- (structure for loading and unloading vessels): wharf, quay
Hypernyms
- (structure at shore to which vessel is secured): mooring, moorage
Derived terms
Translations
Verb
dock (third-person singular simple present docks, present participle docking, simple past and past participle docked)
- (intransitive) To land at a harbour.
- 29 February 2012, Aidan Foster-Carter, BBC News North Korea: The denuclearisation dance resumes[2]
- On 28 February, for example, a US Navy ship docked in Nampo, the port for Pyongyang, with equipment for joint searches for remains of US soldiers missing from the 1950-1953 Korean War. China may look askance at the US and North Korean militaries working together like this.
- 29 February 2012, Aidan Foster-Carter, BBC News North Korea: The denuclearisation dance resumes[2]
- To join two moving items.
- to dock spacecraft
- (intransitive, sex) To engage in the sexual practice of docking (where the tip of one participant's penis is inserted into the foreskin of the other participant).
- (transitive, computing) To drag a user interface element (such as a toolbar) to a position on screen where it snaps into place.
- (transitive) To place (an electronic device) in its dock.
Translations
References
Etymology 4
Originally criminal slang; from or akin to Dutch (Flemish) dok (“cage, hutch”).
Noun
dock (plural docks)
- Part of a courtroom where the accused sits.
Related terms
- in the dock
Translations
Etymology 5
Verb
dock (third-person singular simple present docks, present participle docking, simple past and past participle docked)
- (cooking) To pierce with holes, as pricking pastry or dough with a fork to prevent excessive rising in the oven.
- 11 July 2008, Emma Christensen, The Kitchn: How and When to Dock a Pie Crust
- Pricking holes in the rolled-out pie dough allows the steam to escape while it's baking. Without this, the steam would puff up in bubbles and pockets throughout the crust, which would make some parts of the crust cook too quickly and also result in an uneven surface for your filling. Docking is simple. Just roll out your pie dough and lift it into the pan. After pressing it in and shaping the edge, prick it all over with a fork.
- 11 July 2008, Emma Christensen, The Kitchn: How and When to Dock a Pie Crust
References
- “dock”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–present.
Swedish
Etymology
From Old Swedish doch, dogh, dog, thoch, thok, tog, from Middle Low German doch, from Old Saxon th?h‚ from Proto-Germanic *þauh. Replaced native Old Swedish þo, from Old Norse þó.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /d?k?/
Adverb
dock
- though, however, still, nevertheless
dock From the web:
- what docking station do i need
- what dock means
- what docketed mean
- what docking station
- what dock did the titanic leave from
- what docket
- what docker is used for
- what dockers do you run
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