different between group vs circuit

English

Alternative forms

• groop (non-standard)
• groupe (obsolete)

Etymology

From French groupe (“cluster, group”), from Italian gruppo, groppo (“a knot, heap, group, bag (of money)”), from Vulgar Latin *cruppo, Renaissance Latin grupus, from Proto-Germanic *kruppaz (“lump, round mass, body, crop”), from Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to crumple, bend, crawl”). Cognate with German Kropf (“crop, craw, bunch”), Old English cropp, croppa (“cluster, bunch, sprout, flower, berry, ear of corn, crop”), Dutch krop (“craw”), Icelandic kroppr (“hump, bunch”). Doublet of crop and croup.

Pronunciation

• enPR: gro?op, IPA^(key): /??u?p/
• Rhymes: -u?p

Noun

group (plural groups)

1. A number of things or persons being in some relation to one another.

2. (group theory) A set with an associative binary operation, under which there exists an identity element, and such that each element has an inverse.
   • 1977, Roger C. Lyndon, Paul E. Schupp, Combinatorial Group Theory, Springer, page 192,

     Throughout this section, we shall assume the existence of finitely presented groups with unsolvable word problem.

   • 1992, Svetlana Katok, Fuchsian Groups, University of Chicago Press, page 112,

     In this chapter we give some examples of Fuchsian groups. The most interesting and important ones are the so-called "arithmetic" Fuchsian groups, i.e., discrete subgroups of PSL(2,R) obtained by some "arithmetic" operations. One such construction we have already seen: if we choose all matrices of SL(2,R) with integer coefficients, then the corresponding elements of PSL(2,R) form the modular group PSL(2,Z).

   • 2007, Zhong-Qi Ma, Group Theory for Physicists, World Scientific, page 277,

     In Chap. 4 the fundamental concepts on Lie groups have been introduced through the SO(3) group and its covering group SU(2).

3. (geometry, archaic) An effective divisor on a curve.
4. A (usually small) group of people who perform music together.

5. (astronomy) A small number (up to about fifty) of galaxies that are near each other.
6. (chemistry) A column in the periodic table of chemical elements.
7. (chemistry) A functional group.

8. (sociology) A subset of a culture or of a society.
9. (military) An air force formation.
10. (geology) A collection of formations or rock strata.
11. (computing) A number of users with same rights with respect to accession, modification, and execution of files, computers and peripherals.
12. An element of an espresso machine from which hot water pours into the portafilter.
13. (music) A number of eighth, sixteenth, etc., notes joined at the stems; sometimes rather indefinitely applied to any ornament made up of a few short notes.
14. (sports) A set of teams playing each other in the same division, while not during the same period playing any teams that belong to other sets in the division.
15. (business) A commercial organization.

Synonyms

• (number of things or persons being in some relation to each other): collection, set
• (people who perform music together): band, ensemble
• See also Thesaurus:group

Hypernyms

• (in group theory): monoid

Hyponyms

Derived terms

• subgroup

Related terms

Descendants

• ? Gulf Arabic: ?????
• ? Japanese: ???? (gur?pu)
• ? Korean: ?? (geurup)
• ? Tongan: kulupu

Translations

References

• group on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Verb

group (third-person singular simple present groups, present participle grouping, simple past and past participle grouped)

1. (transitive) To put together to form a group.

   group the dogs by hair colour

2. (intransitive) To come together to form a group.

Synonyms

• (put together to form a group): amass, categorise/categorize, classify, collect, collect up, gather, gather together, gather up; see also Thesaurus:round up
• (come together to form a group): assemble, begather, foregather, throng; see also Thesaurus:assemble

Translations

Further reading

• group in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• group in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

English

Etymology

From Middle English circuit, from Old French circuit, from Latin circuitus (“a going round”), from circuire (“go round”), from circum (“around”) + ire. As a Chinese administrative division, a calque of Chinese ? (dào) or ? (lù).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): [?s??.k?t]
• (General American) IPA^(key): [?s?.k?t]
• (Indian English) IPA^(key): [?s??.k??], [?s??.k??]
• Rhymes: -??(r)k?t

Noun

circuit (plural circuits)

1. The act of moving or revolving around, or as in a circle or orbit; a revolution
   • 1904, Popular Science Monthly Volume 64 page 33

     After 27 days the moon has made one circuit among the stars, moving from west to east. But in those 27 days the sun has likewise moved eastwardly, about 27 degrees. The moon, then, has to make one circuit and a little more in order to be again in the line joining the earth and sun, in order to be again 'new.'

2. The circumference of, or distance around, any space; the measure of a line around an area.
3. That which encircles anything, as a ring or crown.
4. The space enclosed within a circle, or within limits.
6. (electricity) Enclosed path of an electric current, usually designed for a certain function.
7. A regular or appointed trip from place to place as part of one's job
   • November 25 2016, Jane Cornwell in The Age, Bill Bailey: bird loving joker at the peak of his career

     Having cut his teeth on London's take-no-prisoners comedy circuit he can handle hecklers too, sometimes with musical accompaniment; recent shows see him armed with a veritable chamber orchestra's worth of instruments, all of which he plays.

8. (law) The jurisdiction of certain judges within a state or country, whether itinerant or not.
9. (historical) Various administrative divisions of imperial and early Republican China, including:
   1. The counties at the fringes of the empire, usually with a non-Chinese population, from the Han to the Western Jin.
   2. The 10 or so major provinces of the empire from the Tang to the early Yuan.
   3. Major provincial divisions from the Yuan to early Republican China.
10. (law) Abbreviation of circuit court.
11. (Methodism) The basic grouping of local Methodist churches.
12. By analogy to the proceeding three, a set of theaters among which the same acts circulate; especially common in the heyday of vaudeville.
13. (motor racing) A track on which a race in held; a racetrack
    • November 13 2016, Formula 1

      Interlagos is the 24th track Hamilton has won at in F1, which is more than any other driver in history. The only circuit on the current calendar that Hamilton hasn’t won at is Baku, which only joined the schedule this year.

14. (obsolete) circumlocution
    • 1572, Richard Huloet, Huloets Dictionarie

      circuite of words.

15. (Scientology) A thought that unconsciously goes round and round in a person's mind and controls that person.
16. (graph theory) A closed path, without repeated vertices allowed.
17. A chain of cinemas/movie theaters.
    • 1990, Arthur A. Thompson, ?Alonzo J. Strickland, Strategic Management: Concepts and Cases (page 341)

      Mike Patrick commented on a theater chain he was considering buying and converting to 99 ¢ theaters with multiplex screens: I'm looking at a circuit of theaters in a major metropolitan area. Now the owner hasn't told me that it is for sale yet.

    • 2002, Allen Eyles, ?Keith Skone, Cinemas of Hertfordshire (page 61)

      It again featured Edgar Simmons (the architect and chairman), John Ray (the builder), L. E. Agar (managing director) and J. G. Wainwright (head of a separate circuit of cinemas).

Synonyms

• (path or distance around a space): periplus (naval)
• (Imperial Chinese administrative divisions): dao; lu, route (Later Jin to Song); tao (obsolete)

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

circuit (third-person singular simple present circuits, present participle circuiting, simple past and past participle circuited)

1. (intransitive, obsolete) To move in a circle; to go round; to circulate.
2. (transitive, obsolete) To travel around.

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin circuitus.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Valencian) IPA^(key): /si??kujt/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /sir?kujt/

Noun

circuit m (plural circuits)

1. circuit

Further reading

• “circuit” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “circuit” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
• “circuit” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “circuit” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle French circuit, from Old French circuit, from Latin circuitus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /s?r?k?i/
• Hyphenation: cir?cuit
• Rhymes: -i

Noun

circuit n (plural circuits, diminutive circuitje n)

1. (sports) racetrack

   Synonym: racebaan

2. (physics) electric circuit

   Synonym: stroomkring

3. (figuratively) exclusive group of individuals, clique, circle

   Synonyms: kliek, kring

Descendants

• ? Indonesian: sirkuit

French

Etymology

From Latin circuitus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /si?.k?i/
• Homophone: circuits

Noun

circuit m (plural circuits)

1. circuit
2. tour

Derived terms

• circuit imprimé
• coup de circuit

Further reading

• “circuit” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?kir.ku.it/, [?k?rku?t?]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?t??ir.ku.it/, [?t??irkuit?]

Verb

circuit

1. third-person singular present active indicative of circue?

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French circuit and Latin circuitus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t??ir.ku?it/

Noun

circuit n (plural circuite)

1. circuit

Declension

Related terms