different between short vs bluff
short
English
Etymology
From Middle English schort, short, from Old English s?eort, s?ort (“short”), from Proto-West Germanic *skurt, from Proto-Germanic *skurtaz (“short”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-.
Cognate with shirt, skirt, curt, Scots short, schort (“short”), French court, German kurz, Old High German scurz (“short”) (whence Middle High German schurz), Old Norse skorta (“to lack”) (whence Danish skorte), Albanian shkurt (“short, brief”), Latin curtus (“shortened, incomplete”), Proto-Slavic *kort?k?. Doublet of curt. More at shirt.
Pronunciation
- enPR: shôrt
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /???t/
- (General American) IPA(key): /???t/
- (St. Louis (Missouri)) IPA(key): [???t]
- (General Australian, General New Zealand) IPA(key): /?o?t/
- Rhymes: -??(?)t
Adjective
short (comparative shorter, superlative shortest)
- Having a small distance from one end or edge to another, either horizontally or vertically.
- (of a person) Of comparatively small height.
- Having little duration.
- Antonym: long
- (followed by for) Of a word or phrase, constituting an abbreviation (for another) or shortened form (of another).
- (cricket, of a fielder or fielding position) that is relatively close to the batsman.
- (cricket, of a ball) bowled so that it bounces relatively far from the batsman.
- (golf, of an approach shot or putt) that falls short of the green or the hole.
- (of pastries) Brittle, crumbly, especially due to the use of a large quantity of fat. (See shortbread, shortcake, shortcrust, shortening.)
- Abrupt; brief; pointed; petulant.
- Limited in quantity; inadequate; insufficient; scanty.
- Insufficiently provided; inadequately supplied, especially with money; scantily furnished; lacking.
- Deficient; less; not coming up to a measure or standard.
- (colloquial) Undiluted; neat.
- (obsolete) Not distant in time; near at hand.
- But, alas! he who escapes from death is not pardoned; he is only reprieved, and reprieved to a short day.
- Being in a financial investment position that is structured to be profitable if the price of the underlying security declines in the future.
Usage notes
- (having a small distance between ends or edges): Short is often used in the positive vertical dimension and used as is shallow in the negative vertical dimension; in the horizontal dimension narrow is more commonly used.
Synonyms
- (having a small distance between ends or edges): low, narrow, slim, shallow
- (of a person, of comparatively little height): little, pint-sized, petite, titchy (slang)
- (having little duration): brief, concise
- (constituting an abbreviation (for)): an abbreviation of, a short form of
Antonyms
- (having a small distance between ends or edges): tall, high, wide, broad, deep, long
- (of a person, of comparatively little height): tall
- (having little duration): long
- (cricket, of a fielder or fielding position, relatively close to the batsman): long
- (financial position expecting falling value): long
Translations
Adverb
short (not comparable)
- Abruptly, curtly, briefly.
- Unawares.
- Without achieving a goal or requirement.
- (cricket, of the manner of bounce of a cricket ball) Relatively far from the batsman and hence bouncing higher than normal; opposite of full.
- (finance) With a negative ownership position.
Derived terms
- three stops short of Dagenham
Translations
Noun
short (plural shorts)
- A short circuit.
- A short film.
- 2012 July 12, Sam Adams, AV Club Ice Age: Continental Drift[2]
- Preceded by a Simpsons short shot in 3-D—perhaps the only thing more superfluous than a fourth Ice Age movie—Ice Age: Continental Drift finds a retinue of vaguely contemporaneous animals coping with life in the post-Pangaea age.
- 2012 July 12, Sam Adams, AV Club Ice Age: Continental Drift[2]
- A short version of a garment in a particular size.
- (baseball) A shortstop.
- (finance) A short seller.
- (finance) A short sale.
- A summary account.
- (phonetics) A short sound, syllable, or vowel.
- (programming) An integer variable having a smaller range than normal integers; usually two bytes long.
- (US, slang) An automobile; especially in crack shorts, to break into automobiles.
- 1975, Mary Sanches, Ben G. Blount, Sociocultural Dimensions of Language Use (page 47)
- For example, one addict would crack shorts (break and enter cars) and usually obtain just enough stolen goods to buy stuff and get off just before getting sick.
- 1982, United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Juvenile Justice, Career Criminal Life Sentence Act of 1981: Hearings (page 87)
- […] list of all crimes reported by these 61 daily criminals during their years on the street is: theft (this includes shoplifting; "cracking shorts", burglary and other forms of stealing), dealing, forgery, gambling, confidence games (flim-flam, etc.) […]
- 1975, Mary Sanches, Ben G. Blount, Sociocultural Dimensions of Language Use (page 47)
Translations
See also
- shorts
Verb
short (third-person singular simple present shorts, present participle shorting, simple past and past participle shorted)
- (transitive) To cause a short circuit in (something).
- (intransitive) Of an electrical circuit, to short circuit.
- (transitive) To shortchange.
- (transitive) To provide with a smaller than agreed or labeled amount.
- (transitive, business) To sell something, especially securities, that one does not own at the moment for delivery at a later date in hopes of profiting from a decline in the price; to sell short.
- (obsolete) To shorten.
Translations
Preposition
short
- Deficient in.
- (finance) Having a negative position in.
Synonyms
- (deficient in): lacking, short on
Translations
Derived terms
Anagrams
- Stohr, horst, hotrs, thors, trosh
Albanian
Etymology
Borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin sors, sortem.
Noun
short m
- drawing (action where the outcome is selected by chance using a draw)
- sweepstakes
Chinese
Etymology
From English short.
Pronunciation
Adjective
short
- (Cantonese) insane; crazy
Derived terms
Verb
short
- (Cantonese, of electronics) to malfunction
- (Cantonese, electrical engineering) to short-circuit
References
- ???? [3]
French
Etymology
From English shorts.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /???t/
Noun
short m (plural shorts)
- shorts, short trousers (UK)
- Avec un pantalon, j'ai moins froid aux jambes qu'avec un short.
- “With trousers on, my legs are not as cold as with shorts on.”
- Avec un pantalon, j'ai moins froid aux jambes qu'avec un short.
Further reading
- “short” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Italian
Etymology
From English short.
Noun
short m (invariable)
- short (short film etc)
Middle English
Adjective
short
- Alternative form of schort
Portuguese
Alternative forms
- shorts
Etymology
From English shorts.
Noun
short m (plural shorts)
- shorts (pants that do not go lower than the knees)
- Synonym: calção
Spanish
Etymology
From English shorts.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /??o?t/, [??o?t?]
Noun
short m (plural shorts)
- shorts
short From the web:
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bluff
English
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA(key): /bl?f/
- Rhymes: -?f
Etymology 1
Probably from Dutch bluffen (“to brag”), from Middle Dutch bluffen (“to make something swell; to bluff”); or from the Dutch noun bluf (“bragging”). Related to German verblüffen (“to stump, perplex”).
Noun
bluff (countable and uncountable, plural bluffs)
- An act of bluffing; a false expression of the strength of one's position in order to intimidate; braggadocio.
- (poker) An attempt to represent oneself as holding a stronger hand than one actually does.
- (US, dated) The card game poker.
- (Can we find and add a quotation of Bartlett to this entry?)
- One who bluffs; a bluffer.
- (slang, dated) An excuse.
Derived terms
- call someone's bluff
Translations
Verb
bluff (third-person singular simple present bluffs, present participle bluffing, simple past and past participle bluffed)
- (poker) To make a bluff; to give the impression that one's hand is stronger than it is.
- (by analogy) To frighten or deter with a false show of strength or confidence; to give a false impression of strength or temerity in order to intimidate and gain some advantage.
- To take advantage by bluffing.
Derived terms
Translations
Etymology 2
Related to Middle Low German blaff (“smooth”).
Noun
bluff (plural bluffs)
- A high, steep bank, for example by a river or the sea, or beside a ravine or plain; a cliff with a broad face.
- (Canadian Prairies) A small wood or stand of trees, typically poplar or willow.
Derived terms
- Council Bluffs
- DeValls Bluff
- Red Bluff
- Scotts Bluff County
Translations
Adjective
bluff (comparative bluffer, superlative bluffest)
- Having a broad, flattened front.
- Rising steeply with a flat or rounded front.
- 1769, William Falconer, "Côte en écore" (entry in An Universal Dictionary of the Marine)
- a bluff or bold shore
- 1845, Sylvester Judd, Margaret: A Tale of the Real and the Ideal, Blight and Bloom; Including Sketches of a Place Not Before Described, Called Mons Christi
- Its banks, if not really steep, had a bluff and precipitous aspect.
- 1769, William Falconer, "Côte en écore" (entry in An Universal Dictionary of the Marine)
- Surly; churlish; gruff; rough.
- 1883: Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island
- […] he had a bluff, rough-and-ready face, all roughened and reddened and lined in his long travels.
- 1883: Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island
- Roughly frank and hearty in one's manners.
- Synonyms: abrupt, unceremonious, blunt, brusque
- 1832, Isaac Taylor, Saturday Evening
- There is indeed a bluff pertinacity which is a proper defence in a moment of surprise.
Translations
Etymology 3
Possibly onomatopoeic, perhaps related to blow and puff.
Verb
bluff (third-person singular simple present bluffs, present participle bluffing, simple past and past participle bluffed)
- To fluff, puff or swell up.
Translations
References
- “bluff” in the Canadian Oxford Dictionary, Second Edition, Oxford University Press, 2004.
Further reading
- bluff on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- Bluff in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)
Danish
Alternative forms
- bluf
Etymology
Borrowed from English bluff.
Noun
bluff n
- bluff
Related terms
French
Etymology
Borrowed from English bluff.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /blœf/
Noun
bluff m (plural bluffs)
- (chiefly card games) bluff
Further reading
- “bluff” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Swedish
Etymology
Borrowed from English bluff.
Noun
bluff c
- a bluff
Declension
Related terms
- bluffa
- bluffare
- bluffmakare
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