different between shock vs jostle
shock
English
Alternative forms
- choque (obsolete)
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /??k/
- (US) IPA(key): /??k/
- Rhymes: -?k, -?k
Etymology 1
From Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”) or Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”), from Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”), from Proto-Germanic *skukkan? (“to move, shake, tremble”). Of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *skakan? (“to shake, stir”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kAg'-, *(s)keg- (“to shake, stir”); see shake. Cognate with Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”), Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”), Middle High German schocken (“to swing”) (German schaukeln), Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”), Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”), Middle English schiggen (“to shake”). More at shog.
Noun
shock (countable and uncountable, plural shocks)
- A sudden, heavy impact.
- (figuratively) Something so surprising that it is stunning.
- A sudden or violent mental or emotional disturbance.
- (medicine) Electric shock, a sudden burst of electrical energy hitting a person or animal.
- (medicine) Circulatory shock, a medical emergency characterized by the inability of the circulatory system to supply enough oxygen to meet tissue requirements.
- (physics) A shock wave.
- (mathematics) A discontinuity arising in the solution of a partial differential equation.
Synonyms
See Thesaurus:surprise
Derived terms
Descendants
- ? Japanese: ???? (shokku)
- ? Korean: ?? (syokeu)
Translations
Verb
shock (third-person singular simple present shocks, present participle shocking, simple past and past participle shocked)
- (transitive) To cause to be emotionally shocked, to cause (someone) to feel surprised and upset.
- (transitive) To give an electric shock to.
- (obsolete, intransitive) To meet with a shock; to collide in a violent encounter.
- 1832, Thomas De Quincey, Klosterheim Or, the Masque
- They saw the moment approach when the two parties would shock together.
- 1832, Thomas De Quincey, Klosterheim Or, the Masque
Translations
References
- John A. Simpson and Edward S. C. Weiner, editors (1989) , “shock”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, ?ISBN
Etymology 2
Variant of shag.
Noun
shock (plural shocks)
- An arrangement of sheaves for drying; a stook.
- 1557, Thomas Tusser, Five Hundred Points of Good Husbandry
- Cause it on shocks to be by and by set.
- Behind the master walks, builds up the shocks.
- 1557, Thomas Tusser, Five Hundred Points of Good Husbandry
- (commerce, dated) A lot consisting of sixty pieces; a term applied in some Baltic ports to loose goods.
- (by extension) A tuft or bunch of something, such as hair or grass.
- His head boasted a shock of sandy hair.
- (obsolete) A small dog with long shaggy hair, especially a poodle or spitz; a shaggy lapdog.
- 1827 Thomas Carlyle, The Fair-Haired Eckbert
- When I read of witty persons, I could not figure them but like the little shock. (translating the German Spitz)
- 1827 Thomas Carlyle, The Fair-Haired Eckbert
Verb
shock (third-person singular simple present shocks, present participle shocking, simple past and past participle shocked)
- (transitive) To collect, or make up, into a shock or shocks; to stook.
Anagrams
- Kosch, hocks
Italian
Etymology
Borrowed from English shock.
Noun
shock m (invariable)
- shock (medical; violent or unexpected event)
Spanish
Etymology
Borrowed from English shock.
Noun
shock m (plural shocks)
- shock
Derived terms
shock From the web:
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- what shocking news did the commander
jostle
English
Etymology
Originally justle (“to have sex with”), formed from Middle English jousten, from the Old French joster (“to joust”), from Latin iuxt? (“next to”), from iung? (“join, connect”), equivalent to joust +? -le.
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /?d??s.?l/
- (US) IPA(key): /?d??.s?l/
- Rhymes: -?s?l
Verb
jostle (third-person singular simple present jostles, present participle jostling, simple past and past participle jostled)
- (transitive, intransitive) To bump into or brush against while in motion; to push aside.
- 1792, Mary Wollstonecraft, A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, London: J. Johnson, Part 1, Chapter 13, Section 3, pp. 434-435,[1]
- Besides, various are the paths to power and fame which by accident or choice men pursue, and though they jostle against each other, for men of the same profession are seldom friends, yet there is a much greater number of their fellow-creatures with whom they never clash. But women are very differently situated with respect to each other—for they are all rivals.
- 1832, Isaac Taylor, Saturday Evening, Chapter 12, p. 214,[2]
- It is not that there are several systems of movement, physical, intellectual, and moral, which are perpetually jostling each other, or which clash whenever they come in contact, and which move on by the one vanquishing the other. But, on the contrary, each of these economies takes its uninterrupted course, as if there were no other moving within the same space […]
- 1849, Thomas Babington Macaulay, The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, London: Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans, Volume 1, Chapter 3, pp. 370-371,[3]
- […] when the lord of a Lincolnshire or Shropshire manor appeared in Fleet Street, he was as easily distinguished from the resident population as a Turk or a Lascar. […] Bullies jostled him into the kennel. Hackney coachmen splashed him from head to foot. […]
- 1792, Mary Wollstonecraft, A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, London: J. Johnson, Part 1, Chapter 13, Section 3, pp. 434-435,[1]
- (intransitive) To move through by pushing and shoving.
- 1920, F. Scott Fitzgerald, This Side of Paradise, Book One, Chapter 3,[4]
- Axia and Amory, acquaintances of an hour, jostled behind a waiter to a table at a point of vantage; there they took seats and watched.
- 1920, F. Scott Fitzgerald, This Side of Paradise, Book One, Chapter 3,[4]
- (transitive) To be close to or in physical contact with.
- 1859, Charles Darwin, On the Origin of Species, London: John Murray, Chapter 4, p. 114,[5]
- […] the advantages of diversification of structure, with the accompanying differences of habit and constitution, determine that the inhabitants, which thus jostle each other most closely, shall, as a general rule, belong to what we call different genera and orders.
- 1859, Charles Darwin, On the Origin of Species, London: John Murray, Chapter 4, p. 114,[5]
- (intransitive) To contend or vie in order to acquire something.
- 1819, Walter Scott, The Bride of Lammermoor, in Tales of My Landlord, Edinburgh: Archibald Constable, Third Series, Volume 1, Chapter 1, p. 22,[6]
- Dick, who, in serious earnest, was supposed to have considerable natural talents for his profession, and whose vain and sanguine disposition never permitted him to doubt for a moment of ultimate success, threw himself headlong into the crowd which jostled and struggled for notice and preferment.
- 1917, Rudyard Kipling, “The Children,” poem accompanying the story “The Honours of War” in A Diversity of Creatures, London: Macmillan, pp. 129-130,[7]
- […] Our statecraft, our learning
- Delivered them bound to the Pit and alive to the burning
- Whither they mirthfully hastened as jostling for honour.
- 1819, Walter Scott, The Bride of Lammermoor, in Tales of My Landlord, Edinburgh: Archibald Constable, Third Series, Volume 1, Chapter 1, p. 22,[6]
- (dated, slang) To pick or attempt to pick pockets.
Translations
See also
- justle
- joust
Noun
jostle (plural jostles)
- The act of jostling someone or something; push, shove.
- 1722, Daniel Defoe, Moll Flanders, London: J. Cooke, 1765, p. 241,[8]
- I had full hold of her Watch, but giving a great Jostle, as if somebody had thrust me against her, and in the Juncture giving the Watch a fair pull, I found it would not come, so I let it go that Moment, and cried out as if I had been killed, that somebody had trod upon my Foot […]
- 1722, Daniel Defoe, Moll Flanders, London: J. Cooke, 1765, p. 241,[8]
- The action of a jostling crowd.
- 1865, Harriet Beecher Stowe (under the pseudonym Christopher Crowfield), The Chimney-Corner, Boston: Ticknor & Field, 1868, Chapter 12, p. 291,[9]
- For years to come, the average of lone women will be largely increased; and the demand, always great, for some means by which they many provide for themselves, in the rude jostle of the world, will become more urgent and imperative.
- 1865, Harriet Beecher Stowe (under the pseudonym Christopher Crowfield), The Chimney-Corner, Boston: Ticknor & Field, 1868, Chapter 12, p. 291,[9]
Translations
jostle From the web:
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- what does jostled mean in english
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