different between scutum vs sputum

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin sc?tum (“shield”). Doublet of escudo, scudo, scute, and écu.

Noun

scutum (plural scuta)

1. (historical, Roman antiquity) An oblong shield made of boards or wickerwork covered with leather, with sometimes an iron rim; carried chiefly by the heavy-armed infantry of the Roman army.
2. (zoology) A scute.
3. (zoology) A shield-like protection, such as the scutum protecting the back of a hard tick (cf. alloscutum, conscutum)
4. (zoology) One of the two lower valves of the operculum of a barnacle.
5. (anatomy) The kneecap.

Latin

Etymology

Referred to either Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewH- (“to cover, protect”) or Proto-Indo-European *skey- (“to cut, split”). See Old Irish scíath, Russian ??? (š?it).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?sku?.tum/, [?s?ku?t????]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?sku.tum/, [?sku?t?um]

Noun

sc?tum n (genitive sc?t?); second declension

1. a shield, especially the scutum, the large oblong wooden shield carried by the Roman infantry
2. (by metonymy) shield-bearing soldiers
3. (figuratively) a defense, protection, shelter

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Related terms

Descendants

• Eastern Romance:
  • Romanian: scut
• ? English: scute
• ? English: scutum
• ? English: escutcheon
• Italian: scudo
  • ? English: scudo
• Old French: escut, escu
  • Middle French: escut
    • French: écu
      • ? English: écu
• Old Leonese:
  • Asturian: escudu
• Old Occitan: escut
  • Catalan: escut
  • Occitan: escut
• Old Portuguese: escudo
  • Galician: escudo
  • Portuguese: escudo
    • ? English: escudo
• Old Spanish:
  • Spanish: escudo
• Rhaeto-Romance:
  • Friulian: scût
• Sicilian: scutu
• ? Albanian: *šk?ta (possibly)
  • Albanian: shqyt

References

• scutum in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• scutum in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• scutum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• scutum in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• scutum in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

English

Etymology

From New Latin, from Latin sputum (“that which is spit out, spittle”), from spuere (“to spit”).

Noun

sputum (countable and uncountable, plural sputa)

1. (physiology) Matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth, composed of saliva and discharges from the respiratory passages such as mucus, phlegm or pus.

Translations

Further reading

• sputum on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• sputum in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• sputum in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• sputum at OneLook Dictionary Search

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?spu?tum]
• Hyphenation: spu?tum

Noun

sputum n

1. sputum

Declension

Synonyms

• chrchel m
• hlen m

Further reading

• sputum in P?íru?ní slovník jazyka ?eského, 1935–1957
• sputum in Slovník spisovného jazyka ?eského, 1960–1971, 1989

Indonesian

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin sputum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?sput?m]
• Hyphenation: spu?tum

Noun

sputum (first-person possessive sputumku, second-person possessive sputummu, third-person possessive sputumnya)

1. (medicine) sputum.

   Synonyms: balgam, dahak

Further reading

• “sputum” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Latin

Etymology

From spu?.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?spu?.tum/, [?s?pu?t????]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?spu.tum/, [?spu?t?um]

Noun

sp?tum n (genitive sp?t?); second declension

1. spittle

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Related terms

• sput?

Descendants

Participle

sp?tum

1. inflection of sp?tus:
   1. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular
   2. accusative masculine singular

References

• sputum in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• sputum in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• sputum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette