different between serpens vs scutum

German

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin serp?ns, present active participle of serp? (“crawl, creep”).

Pronunciation

Adjective

serpens (not comparable)

1. (medicine, with Latin or Latin-like substantives) serpentlike

References

• “serpens” in Duden online

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *serpents. Present active participle of serp? (“crawl, creep”). Cognate with Sanskrit ???? (sarpá, “snake, serpent”), Ancient Greek ??????? (herpetón, “serpent, creeping animal”), Albanian gjarpër (“snake”) (Proto-Albanian *serpena).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?ser.pens/, [?s??rp??s?]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?ser.pens/, [?s?rp?ns]

Noun

serp?ns m or f (genitive serpentis); third declension

1. A serpent, snake
2. (astronomy) either Draco or Serpens
3. A louse
4. Any creeping animal

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Synonyms

• (serpent, snake): anguis, colubra
• (constellation Draco): Anguis, Draco
• (louse): ped?culus

Related terms

Descendants

Participle

serp?ns (genitive serpentis); third-declension one-termination participle

1. creeping, crawling

Declension

Third-declension participle.

¹When used purely as an adjective.

References

• serpens in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• serpens in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• serpens in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• serpens in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin sc?tum (“shield”). Doublet of escudo, scudo, scute, and écu.

Noun

scutum (plural scuta)

1. (historical, Roman antiquity) An oblong shield made of boards or wickerwork covered with leather, with sometimes an iron rim; carried chiefly by the heavy-armed infantry of the Roman army.
2. (zoology) A scute.
3. (zoology) A shield-like protection, such as the scutum protecting the back of a hard tick (cf. alloscutum, conscutum)
4. (zoology) One of the two lower valves of the operculum of a barnacle.
5. (anatomy) The kneecap.

Latin

Etymology

Referred to either Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewH- (“to cover, protect”) or Proto-Indo-European *skey- (“to cut, split”). See Old Irish scíath, Russian ??? (š?it).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?sku?.tum/, [?s?ku?t????]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?sku.tum/, [?sku?t?um]

Noun

sc?tum n (genitive sc?t?); second declension

1. a shield, especially the scutum, the large oblong wooden shield carried by the Roman infantry
2. (by metonymy) shield-bearing soldiers
3. (figuratively) a defense, protection, shelter

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Related terms

Descendants

• Eastern Romance:
  • Romanian: scut
• ? English: scute
• ? English: scutum
• ? English: escutcheon
• Italian: scudo
  • ? English: scudo
• Old French: escut, escu
  • Middle French: escut
    • French: écu
      • ? English: écu
• Old Leonese:
  • Asturian: escudu
• Old Occitan: escut
  • Catalan: escut
  • Occitan: escut
• Old Portuguese: escudo
  • Galician: escudo
  • Portuguese: escudo
    • ? English: escudo
• Old Spanish:
  • Spanish: escudo
• Rhaeto-Romance:
  • Friulian: scût
• Sicilian: scutu
• ? Albanian: *šk?ta (possibly)
  • Albanian: shqyt

References

• scutum in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• scutum in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• scutum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• scutum in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• scutum in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin