different between rout vs subject

English

Etymology 1

The noun is derived from Middle English rout, route (“group of people associated with one another, company; entourage, retinue; army; group of soldiers; group of pirates; large number of people, crowd; throng; group of disreputable people, mob; riot; group of animals; group of objects; proper condition or manner”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman route, rute, Middle French rote, route, Old French rote, route, rute (“group of people, company; group of armed people; group of criminals; group of cattle”) (modern French route (obsolete)), from Latin rupta (compare Late Latin ruta, rutta (“group of marauders; riot; unlawful assembly”)), the feminine of ruptus (“broken; burst, ruptured”), the perfect passive participle of rump? (“to break, burst, rupture, tear; to force open; (figurative) to annul; to destroy; to interrupt”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *Hrewp- (“to break; to tear (up)”). The English word is a doublet of route.

The verb is derived from Middle English routen (“to assemble, congregate; of animals: to herd together; to regroup, make a stand against; to be riotous, to riot”) [and other forms], from rout, route (noun); see above.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA^(key): /?a?t/
• (Canada) IPA^(key): [???t]
• Homophone: route (in some pronunciations)
• Rhymes: -a?t

Noun

rout (countable and uncountable, plural routs)

1. (countable, obsolete) A group of people; a crowd, a throng, a troop; in particular (archaic), a group of people accompanying or travelling with someone.

   Synonyms: company, gathering
2. (countable, archaic) A group of animals, especially one which is lively or unruly, or made up of wild animals such as wolves; a flock, a herd, a pack.
3. (countable) A group of disorganized things.
4. (countable) A group of (often violent) criminals or gangsters; such people as a class; (more generally) a disorderly and tumultuous crowd, a mob; hence (archaic, preceded by the), the common people as a group, the rabble.
5. (countable, dated) A fashionable assembly; a large evening party, a soirée.
6. (countable, archaic) A noisy disturbance; also, a disorderly argument or fight, a brawl; (uncountable) disturbance of the peace, commotion, tumult.
7. (countable, law, historical) An illegal assembly of people; specifically, three or more people who have come together intending to do something illegal, and who have taken steps towards this, regarded as more serious than an unlawful assembly but not as serious as a riot; the act of assembling in this manner.

Derived terms

• routous
• routously

Translations

Verb

rout (third-person singular simple present routs, present participle routing, simple past and past participle routed)

1. (intransitive, obsolete) To assemble in a crowd, whether orderly or disorderly; to collect in company.

Etymology 2

The noun is derived from Middle French route (“military defeat; retreat”), from rout, archaic past participle of Middle French, Old French rompre (“to break; to break up, disperse”) (modern French rompre (“to break, snap; to break up (with someone)”)), from Latin rumpere, the present active infinitive of rump? (“to break, burst, rupture, tear; to force open; (figurative) to annul; to destroy; to interrupt”); see further at etymology 1.

The verb is derived from the noun.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA^(key): /?a?t/
• (Canada) IPA^(key): [???t]
• Homophone: route (in some pronunciations)
• Rhymes: -a?t

Noun

rout (plural routs)

1. (originally military) The act of completely defeating an army or other enemy force, causing it to retreat in a disorganized manner; (by extension) in politics, sport, etc.: a convincing defeat; a thrashing, a trouncing.
2. (military, also figuratively) The retreat of an enemy force, etc., in this manner; also (archaic, rare), the army, enemy force, etc., so retreating.

Translations

Verb

rout (third-person singular simple present routs, present participle routing, simple past and past participle routed) (originally military)

1. (transitive) To completely defeat and force into disorderly retreat (an enemy force, opponent in sport, etc.).
2. (intransitive, archaic) To retreat from a confrontation in disorder.

Translations

Etymology 3

The verb is derived from Middle English routen (“to snore; to grunt, snort; to sleep; to dwell; to settle permanently”), [and other forms], from Old English hr?tan (“to snore; to make a noise”), from Proto-West Germanic *hr?tan (“to snore”), from Proto-Germanic *hr?tan?, *hreutan? (“to snore”), from *hrutt?n? (“to snore; to roar”), from Proto-Indo-European *ker-, *kor-, *kr- (“to croak, crow”), *krut- (“to snore; to roar”), probably ultimately imitative. The English word is cognate with Icelandic rjóta, hrjóta (“to snore; to rattle, roar”), rauta (“to roar”), Middle Dutch ruyten (“to make a noise; to chatter, chirp”), Middle High German r?ssen, r?zen (“to make a noise; to buzz; to rattle; to snore”), Norwegian Nynorsk ruta (“to make a loud noise; to roar, rumble”), Swedish ryta (“to bellow, roar; to scream or shout angrily”). Compare Old English r?otan, *hr?otan (“to make a noise; to make a noise in grief, lament, wail; to shed tears, weep”), from Proto-Germanic *reutan?; see further at etymology 4.

The noun is derived from the verb. It is cognate with Southern Norwegian rut (“loud noise, din, roar”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA^(key): /?a?t/
• (Scotland) IPA^(key): (verb sense 3, noun sense) /???t/, /?ut/
• Homophone: route (in some pronunciations)
• Rhymes: -a?t

Verb

rout (third-person singular simple present routs, present participle routing, simple past and past participle routed)

1. (intransitive, chiefly England, regional) To snore, especially loudly.
2. (intransitive, chiefly England, regional) To make a noise; to bellow, to roar, to snort.
3. (intransitive, Scotland, archaic) Especially of the sea, thunder, wind, etc.: to make a loud roaring noise; to howl, to roar, to rumble.

Conjugation

Derived terms

• root (“to cheer”)

Translations

Noun

rout (plural routs)

1. (chiefly Scotland) A loud, resounding noise, especially one made by the sea, thunder, wind, etc.; a roar.

Translations

Etymology 4

The verb is derived from Middle English routen (“to cry out, bellow, roar”) [and other forms], from Old Norse rauta (“to roar”), from Proto-Germanic *reutan? (“to cry, wail”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *HrewdH- (“to weep”), probably imitative. The English word is cognate with Danish ryde (“to low, moo”), Latin rudere, r?dere (“to bray; to cry”), Lithuanian raudóti (“to wail; to lament; to sob”), Norwegian raute (“to bellow; to low, moo”), Old Church Slavonic ?????? (rydati, “to wail, weep”), Old High German riozan (“to roar; to wail”) (Middle High German riezen (“to wail”)), Old Norse rjóta (“to roar”), Old Swedish riuta, ryta (“to howl, wail; to roar”) (modern Swedish ruta, ryta (“to howl; to roar”) (regional)), Old Swedish röta (“to bellow, roar”) (modern Swedish rauta, råta, rota, röta (“to bellow, roar”) (regional)), Sanskrit ???? (rud, “to cry, wail, weep; to howl, roar; to bewail, deplore, lament”).

The noun is derived from the verb, or from a noun derived from Old Norse rauta (“to roar”) (see above).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation, General American, Ireland) IPA^(key): /?a?t/
• (Scotland) IPA^(key): /???t/, /?ut/
• Homophone: route (in some pronunciations)
• Rhymes: -a?t

Verb

rout (third-person singular simple present routs, present participle routing, simple past and past participle routed) (chiefly Northern England, Northern Ireland, Scotland)

1. (transitive) Of a person: to say or shout (something) loudly.
2. (intransitive) Of a person: to speak loudly; to bellow, roar, to shout.
3. (intransitive) Of an animal, especially cattle: to low or moo loudly; to bellow.

Translations

Noun

rout (plural routs) (chiefly Scotland)

1. A lowing or mooing sound by an animal, especially cattle; a bellow, a moo.
2. A loud shout; a bellow, a roar; also, an instance of loud and continued exclamation or shouting; a clamour, an outcry.

Translations

Etymology 5

A variant of wrout, itself a variant of wroot (“to search or root in the ground”) (obsolete), from Middle English wroten (“to search or root in the ground; of a person: to dig earth; of a worm: to slither, wriggle; to corrode; of a worm: to irritate by biting the skin; to destroy (a fortification) by digging or mining”) [and other forms] (whence root), from Old English wr?tan (“to root up or rummage with the snout”). from Proto-Germanic *wr?tan? (“to dig with the nose or snout, to root”); further etymology uncertain, perhaps related to Proto-Indo-European *wréh?ds (“a root”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA^(key): /?a?t/
• Homophone: route (in some pronunciations)
• Rhymes: -a?t

Verb

rout (third-person singular simple present routs, present participle routing, simple past and past participle routed)

1. (transitive) To dig or plough (earth or the ground); to till.
2. (transitive) Usually followed by out or up: of a person: to search for and find (something); also (transitive) to completely empty or clear out (something).
3. (transitive, chiefly US) Usually followed by from: to compel (someone) to leave a place; specifically (usually followed by out or up), to cause (someone) to get out of bed.
4. (transitive, intransitive) Of an animal, especially a pig: to search (for something) in the ground with the snout; to root.
5. (transitive, intransitive) To use a gouge, router, or other tool to scoop out material (from a metallic, wooden, etc., surface), forming a groove or recess.
6. (intransitive) Of a person: to search through belongings, a place, etc.; to rummage.

Conjugation

Derived terms

• router

Translations

Etymology 6

Possibly a variant of root (“to dig or pull out by the roots; to abolish, exterminate, root out”), from Middle English wroten; see further at etymology 5. Some recent uses are difficult to tell apart from rout (“of an animal, especially a pig: to search (for something) in the ground with the snout; to search for and find (something)”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA^(key): /?a?t/
• Homophone: route (in some pronunciations)
• Rhymes: -a?t

Verb

rout (third-person singular simple present routs, present participle routing, simple past and past participle routed)

1. (transitive) Usually followed by out or up: to dig or pull up (a plant) by the roots; to extirpate, to uproot.
2. (transitive, figuratively) Usually followed by out: to find and eradicate (something harmful or undesirable); to root out.

Conjugation

Translations

Etymology 7

The verb is derived from Middle English routen (“to move quickly, rush; of waters: to churn, surge; to drag, pull; to throw; to agitate, shake; to beat, strike;”) [and other forms], from Old English hr?tan, from or cognate with Old Norse hrjóta (“to be flung; to fall; to fly”), from Proto-Germanic *hr?tan?, *hreutan? (“to fall; to fly; to move quickly”); further etymology uncertain, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *kreu- (“to fall, plunge; to rush; to topple”). The English word is cognate with Middle High German rûzen (“to move quickly, storm”), and is also related to Old English hr?osan (“to fall; to collapse; to rush”).

The noun is derived from Middle English rout, route (“a blow; suffering, woe (?); a jerk, sharp pull”) [and other forms], from routen; see above.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA^(key): /?a?t/
• (Scotland) IPA^(key): /???t/, /?ut/
• Homophone: route (in some pronunciations)
• Rhymes: -a?t

Verb

rout (third-person singular simple present routs, present participle routing, simple past and past participle routed)

1. (transitive, intransitive, chiefly Scotland, archaic) To beat or strike (someone or something); to assail (someone or something) with blows.

Related terms

• atrout

Noun

rout (plural routs)

1. (chiefly Scotland, archaic) A violent movement; a heavy or stunning blow or stroke.

Etymology 8

Origin uncertain; either imitative of the bird’s call, or possibly from Icelandic hrota (“brant; brent goose”), also probably imitative though perhaps influenced by hrot (“a snore; act of snoring”), from hrjóta (“to snore”), from Old Norse hrjóta (“to snore”), from Proto-Germanic *hr?tan? (“to snore”); see further at etymology 3.

Noun

rout (plural routs)

1. (Scotland, obsolete) The brant or brent goose (Branta bernicla).

   Synonyms: brant goose, road-goose, rood goose, rot-goose

References

Further reading

• rout (military) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• router (woodworking) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• Tour, tour, trou

Alemannic German

Alternative forms

• rot, ruat, ròt, röts

Etymology

From Middle High German r?t (“red, red-haired”), from Old High German r?t (“red, scarlet, purple-red, brown-red, yellow-red”), from Proto-Germanic *raudaz. Cognate with German rot, Dutch rood, English red, West Frisian read, Danish rød.

Adjective

rout

1. (Carcoforo) red

References

• “rout” in Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

Luxembourgish

Etymology

From Old High German r?t, from Proto-Germanic *raudaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /???t/
• Rhymes: -??t

Adjective

rout (masculine rouden, neuter rout, comparative méi rout, superlative am routsten)

1. red

Declension

This adjective needs an inflection-table template.

See also

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English subget, from Old French suget, from Latin subiectus (“lying under or near, adjacent, also subject, exposed”), as a noun, subiectus (“a subject, an inferior”), subiectum (“the subject of a proposition”), past participle of subici? (“throw, lay, place”), from sub (“under, at the foot of”) + iaci? (“throw, hurl”), as a calque of Ancient Greek ??????????? (hupokeímenon).

Pronunciation

• enPR: s?b?j?kt, IPA^(key): /?s?b.d??kt/
• (also) (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?s?b.d??kt/
• Hyphenation: sub?ject

Adjective

subject (comparative more subject, superlative most subject)

1. Likely to be affected by or to experience something.
   • c. 1678 (written), 1682 (published), John Dryden, Mac Flecknoe

     All human things are subject to decay.

2. Conditional upon something; used with to.

3. Placed or situated under; lying below, or in a lower situation.
4. Placed under the power of another; owing allegiance to a particular sovereign or state.
   • , Book I

     Esau was never subject to Jacob.

Translations

Etymology 2

From Latin subiectus (“a subject, an inferior”), subiectum (“the subject of a proposition”), past participle of subici? (“throw, lay, place”), from sub (“under, at the foot of”) + iaci? (“throw, hurl”).

Pronunciation

• enPR: s?b?j?kt, IPA^(key): /?s?b.d??kt/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?s?b.d??kt/
• Hyphenation: sub?ject

Noun

subject (plural subjects)

2. (grammar) In a clause: the word or word group (usually a noun phrase) about whom the statement is made. In active clauses with verbs denoting an action, the subject and the actor are usually the same.

3. An actor; one who takes action.

   The subjects and objects of power.

4. The main topic of a paper, work of art, discussion, field of study, etc.
   • 1695, John Dryden (translator), Observations on the Art of Painting by Charles Alphonse du Fresnoy

     Make choice of a subject beautifull and noble, which […] shall […] afford […] an ample field of matter wherein to expatiate itself.
5. A particular area of study.
6. A citizen in a monarchy.

7. A person ruled over by another, especially a monarch or state authority.
8. (music) The main theme or melody, especially in a fugue.
   • 1878, William Smith Rockstro, "Subject" in A Dictionary of Music and Musicians

     The earliest known form of subject is the ecclesiastical cantus firmus, or plain song.

9. A human, animal or an inanimate object that is being examined, treated, analysed, etc.
   • 1748, Conyers Middleton, Life of Cicero

     Writers of particular lives […] are apt to be prejudiced in favour of their subject.
10. (philosophy) A being that has subjective experiences, subjective consciousness, or a relationship with another entity.
11. (logic) That of which something is stated.
12. (mathematics) The variable in terms of which an expression is defined.

Synonyms

• (discussion): matter, topic

Derived terms

• between-subjects
• subject matter
• subject title
• subjective
• within-subjects

Translations

See also

• object
• predicate

Etymology 3

From Medieval Latin subiect?, iterative of subici? (“throw, lay, place”), from sub (“under, at the foot of”) + iaci? (“throw, hurl”).

Pronunciation

• enPR: s?b-j?kt?, IPA^(key): /s?b?d??kt/, /s?b?d??kt/
• Rhymes: -?kt

Verb

subject (third-person singular simple present subjects, present participle subjecting, simple past and past participle subjected)

1. (transitive, construed with to) To cause (someone or something) to undergo a particular experience, especially one that is unpleasant or unwanted.

   I came here to buy souvenirs, not to be subjected to a tirade of abuse!

2. (transitive) To make subordinate or subservient; to subdue or enslave.

Synonyms

• underbring

Translations

Further reading

• subject in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• subject in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• subject at OneLook Dictionary Search