different between rest vs last

English

Pronunciation

• enPR: r?st, IPA^(key): /??st/
• Rhymes: -?st
• Homophone: wrest

Etymology 1

From Middle English rest, reste, from Old English rest, ræst (“rest, quiet, freedom from toil, repose, sleep, resting-place, a bed, couch, grave”), from Proto-Germanic *rast?, *rastij? (“rest”), from Proto-Indo-European *ros-, *res-, *erH- (“rest”). Cognate with West Frisian rêst (“rest”), Dutch rust (“rest”), German Rast (“rest”), Swedish rast (“rest”), Norwegian rest (“rest”), Icelandic röst (“rest”), Old Irish árus (“dwelling”), German Ruhe (“calm”), Albanian resht (“to stop, pause”), Welsh araf (“quiet, calm, gentle”), Lithuanian rovà (“calm”), Ancient Greek ???? (er??, “rest, respite”), Avestan ????????????????????????? (aⁱrime, “calm, peaceful”), Sanskrit ???? (rámate, “he stays still, calms down”), Gothic ???????????????????? (rimis, “tranquility”). Related to roo.

Noun

rest (countable and uncountable, plural rests)

1. (uncountable, of a person or animal) Relief from work or activity by sleeping; sleep.

   Synonyms: sleep, slumber

2. (countable) Any relief from exertion; a state of quiet and relaxation.

   Synonyms: break, repose, time off

3. (uncountable) Peace; freedom from worry, anxiety, annoyances; tranquility.

   • And the land had rest fourscore years.

   Synonyms: peace, quiet, roo, silence, stillness, tranquility

4. (uncountable, of an object or concept) A state of inactivity; a state of little or no motion; a state of completion.

5. (euphemistic, uncountable) A final position after death.

   Synonym: peace

6. (music, countable) A pause of a specified length in a piece of music.

   Hyponyms: breve rest, demisemiquaver rest, hemidemisemiquaver rest, minim rest, quaver rest, semibreve rest, semiquaver rest

7. (music, countable) A written symbol indicating such a pause in a musical score such as in sheet music.
8. (physics, uncountable) Absence of motion.

   Antonym: motion

9. (snooker, countable) A stick with a U-, V- or X-shaped head used to support the tip of a cue when the cue ball is otherwise out of reach.

   Hypernym: bridge

10. (countable) Any object designed to be used to support something else.

    Synonyms: (of a telephone) cradle, support

    Hyponyms: arm rest, elbow rest, foot rest, head rest, leg rest, neck rest, wrist rest

11. A projection from the right side of the cuirass of armour, serving to support the lance.

    • their visors closed, their lances in the rest

12. A place where one may rest, either temporarily, as in an inn, or permanently, as, in an abode.
    • c. 1851, Catholicus (pen name of John Henry Newman, letter in The Times

      halfway houses and travellers' rests
13. (poetry) A short pause in reading poetry; a caesura.
14. The striking of a balance at regular intervals in a running account. Often, specifically, the intervals after which compound interest is added to capital.
    • 1874, New York Court of Appeals, Records and Briefs

      a new account was opened under the heading "Irondale Mine" and so continued witli semiannual rest

15. (dated) A set or game at tennis.

Antonyms

• activity

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English resten, from Old English restan (“to rest, cease from toil, be at rest, sleep, rest in death, lie dead, lie in the grave, remain unmoved or undisturbed, be still, rest from, remain, lie”), from Proto-West Germanic *rastijan (“to rest”), from Proto-Indo-European *ros-, *res-, *erH- (“rest”). Cognate with Dutch rusten (“to rest”), Middle Low German resten (“to rest”), German rasten (“to rest”), Danish raste (“to rest”), Swedish rasta (“to rest”).

Verb

rest (third-person singular simple present rests, present participle resting, simple past and past participle rested)

1. (intransitive) To cease from action, motion, work, or performance of any kind; stop; desist; be without motion.
2. (intransitive) To come to a pause or an end; end.
3. (intransitive) To be free from that which harasses or disturbs; be quiet or still; be undisturbed.
4. (intransitive, transitive, reflexive, copulative) To be or to put into a state of rest.
   • 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, Le Morte d'Arthur, Book X:

     And thereby at a pryory they rested them all nyght.
5. (intransitive) To stay, remain, be situated.

6. (transitive, intransitive, reflexive) To lean, lie, or lay.

7. (intransitive, transitive, law, US) To complete one's active advocacy in a trial or other proceeding, and thus to wait for the outcome (however, one is still generally available to answer questions, etc.)

8. (intransitive) To sleep; slumber.
9. (intransitive) To lie dormant.
10. (intransitive) To sleep the final sleep; sleep in death; die; be dead.
11. (intransitive) To rely or depend on.
    • 1700, John Dryden, Sigismonda and Guiscardo

      On him I rested, after long debate, / And not without considering, fixed fate.

12. To be satisfied; to acquiesce.

    • to rest in Heaven's determination

Synonyms

• (lie down and take repose, especially by sleeping): relax
• (give rest to): relieve
• (stop working): have a breather, pause, take a break, take time off, take time out
• (be situated): be, lie, remain, reside, stay
• (transitive: lean, lay): lay, lean, place, put
• (intransitive: lie, lean): lean, lie

Troponyms

• (lie down and take repose): nap, sleep

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 3

From Middle English reste, from Old French reste, from Old French rester (“to remain”), from Latin rest? (“to stay back, stay behind”), from re- + st? (“to stand”). Replaced native Middle English lave (“rest, remainder”) (from Old English l?f (“remnant, remainder”)).

Pronunciation

• enPR: r?st, IPA^(key): /??st/
• Rhymes: -?st

Noun

rest (uncountable)

2. (uncountable) That which remains.

   Synonyms: lave, remainder

3. Those not included in a proposition or description; the remainder; others.
   • 1676, Bishop Stillingfleet, A Defence of the Discourse Concerning the Idolatry Practised in the Church of Rome

     Plato and the rest of the philosophers

   • Arm'd like the rest, the Trojan prince appears.

4. (Britain, finance) A surplus held as a reserved fund by a bank to equalize its dividends, etc.; in the Bank of England, the balance of assets above liabilities.

Synonyms

• (that which remains): See also Thesaurus:remainder

Derived terms

• all the rest

Translations

Verb

rest (third-person singular simple present rests, present participle resting, simple past and past participle rested)

1. (no object, with complement) To continue to be, remain, be left in a certain way.

   ("Be glad, be joyful"; later: "Good luck to you.")

2. (transitive, obsolete) To keep a certain way.

   ("May God grant you happiness and peace, gentlemen"; literally: "May God keep you happy and in peace, gentlemen.")

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 4

Aphetic form of arrest.

Verb

rest (third-person singular simple present rests, present participle resting, simple past and past participle rested)

1. (obsolete, transitive, colloquial) To arrest.

Anagrams

• -estr-, -ster, -ster-, ERTs, SERT, TERs, erst, estr-, rets, tres

Czech

Etymology

From German Rest.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?r?st]
• Hyphenation: rest

Noun

rest m inan

1. (mostly in plural) backlog, unfinished business
2. arrear(s)

Declension

Further reading

• rest in P?íru?ní slovník jazyka ?eského, 1935–1957
• rest in Slovník spisovného jazyka ?eského, 1960–1971, 1989

Anagrams

• setr

Danish

Etymology

Borrowed from French reste, probably via German Rest.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [??asd?], [???sd?]
• Homophone: rast

Noun

rest c (singular definite resten, plural indefinite rester)

1. remnant, remainder, rest
2. (in the plural) scraps of food
3. (mathematics) residue, remainder

Derived terms

• forresten
• madrest
• restgæld
• restlager
• restklasse

References

• “rest” in Den Danske Ordbog

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch reste, from Middle French reste.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /r?st/
• Hyphenation: rest
• Rhymes: -?st

Noun

rest f (plural resten, diminutive restje n)

1. rest (that which remains)

   Synonyms: overblijfsel, overschot

Derived terms

Descendants

• Afrikaans: res

Anagrams

• erts, ster

Hungarian

Etymology

From a Northern Italian dialect, compare Emilian rest, Piedmontese rest, Romagnol rést, Italian resto (“rest”), from restare, from Latin rest? (“I stay behind, remain”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?r??t]
• Hyphenation: rest
• Rhymes: -??t

Adjective

rest (comparative restebb, superlative legrestebb)

1. lazy

   Synonyms: henye, lusta, renyhe, tunya

Declension

Derived terms

• restell
• restség

(Expressions):

• a rest kétszer fárad

Further reading

• rest in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmez? szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: ?ISBN

Ladin

Noun

rest m (plural resc)

1. rest, residue

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

Borrowed from French reste.

Noun

rest m (definite singular resten, indefinite plural rester, definite plural restene)

1. remainder, rest

Derived terms

• forresten
• matrest

References

• “rest” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

Borrowed from French reste.

Noun

rest m (definite singular resten, indefinite plural restar, definite plural restane)

1. remainder, rest

Derived terms

• forresten
• matrest

References

• “rest” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *rast?, *rastij? (“rest”), from Proto-Indo-European *ros-, *res-, *erH- (“rest”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rest/

Noun

rest f

1. rest
2. resting place; bed

Derived terms

• restl?as

Descendants

• Middle English: reste, rest; (rüst, rist)
  • Scots: rest
  • English: rest

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French reste.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rest/

Noun

rest n (plural resturi)

1. rest (remainder)

Declension

See also

• r?mas, r?m??i??

Noun

rest (definite singular restul)

1. change (small denominations of money given in exchange for a larger denomination)

Usage notes

• The use of the meaning for change is restrictive to money, usually in small sums, taken after making a transaction. To describe such change when it is in one's pocket or lying around, the term m?run?i? is preferred.

Swedish

Pronunciation

Noun

rest c

1. (plural only) remainder, rest (what remains)

2. (mathematics) remainder

3. leftover

Declension

Verb

rest

1. supine of resa.
2. past participle of resa.

Anagrams

• ters

Westrobothnian

Etymology 1

From Old Norse hreistr.

Noun

rest m

1. fish scales

Related terms

• res

Etymology 2

From Old Norse rísta (pret. reist).

Verb

rest

1. to plough
2. to carve

Noun

rest m

1. a plough

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: läst, IPA^(key): /l??st/
• (General American) enPR: l?st, IPA^(key): /læst/
• (Northern England) IPA^(key): /last/
• (Scotland) IPA^(key): /?ast/
• Rhymes: -??st, -æst

Etymology 1

From Middle English laste, latst, syncopated variant of latest.

Adjective

last (not comparable)

1. Final, ultimate, coming after all others of its kind.

2. Most recent, latest, last so far.

   .   (archaic usage)

3. Farthest of all from a given quality, character, or condition; most unlikely, or least preferable.

4. Being the only one remaining of its class.

5. Supreme; highest in degree; utmost.
   • 1802, Robert Hall, Reflections on War

     Contending for principles of the last importance.

6. Lowest in rank or degree.

Synonyms

• (final): at the end, caboose, dernier (dated), final, tail end, terminal, ultimate, lattermost
• (most recent): latest, most recent

Derived terms

Translations

Determiner

last

1. The (one) immediately before the present.

2. (of days of the week or months of the year) Closest in the past, or closest but one if the closest was very recent; of days, sometimes thought to specifically refer to the instance closest to seven days (one week) ago.

Usage notes

• (both senses): This cannot be used in past or future tense to refer to a time immediately before the subject matter. For example, one does not say I was very tired yesterday, due to not having slept well last night: last night in that sentence refers to the night before the speaker is speaking, not the night before the "yesterday" to which he refers. He would need to say I was very tired yesterday, due to not having slept well the night before or the like.

Translations

Adverb

last (not comparable)

1. Most recently.
2. (sequence) after everything else; finally

Synonyms

• (after everything else): finally, lastly; see also Thesaurus:lastly

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English lasten, from Old English l?stan, from Proto-Germanic *laistijan?. Cognate with German leisten (“yield”).

Verb

last (third-person singular simple present lasts, present participle lasting, simple past and past participle lasted)

1. (transitive, obsolete) To perform, carry out.
2. (intransitive) To endure, continue over time.

   • Thus the red damask curtains which now shut out the fog-laden, drizzling atmosphere of the Marylebone Road, had cost a mere song, and yet they might have been warranted to last another thirty years. A great bargain also had been the excellent Axminster carpet which covered the floor; […].

3. (intransitive) To hold out, continue undefeated or entire.

Synonyms

• continue
• endure
• survive

Antonyms

• disintegrate
• dissipate
• fall apart
• wear out

Related terms

• everlasting
• lasting

Translations

Etymology 3

From Old English læste, Proto-Germanic *laistiz. Compare Swedish läst, German Leisten.

Noun

last (plural lasts)

1. A tool for shaping or preserving the shape of shoes.
   • 2006, Newman, Cathy, Every Shoe Tells a Story, National Geographic (September, 2006), 83,

     How is an in-your-face black leather thigh-high lace-up boot with a four-inch spike heel like a man's black calf lace-up oxford? They are both made on a last, the wood or plastic foot-shaped form that leather is stretched over and shaped to make a shoe.

Derived terms

• cobbler, keep to your last

Translations

Verb

last (third-person singular simple present lasts, present participle lasting, simple past and past participle lasted)

1. To shape with a last; to fasten or fit to a last; to place smoothly on a last.

Etymology 4

From Middle English last, from Old English hlæst (“burden, load, freight”), from Proto-Germanic *hlastuz (“burden, load, freight”), from Proto-Indo-European *kleh?- (“to put, lay out”). Cognate with West Frisian lêst, Dutch last, German Last, Swedish last, Icelandic lest.

Noun

last (plural lasts or lasten)

1. (obsolete) A burden; load; a cargo; freight.
2. (obsolete) A measure of weight or quantity, varying in designation depending on the goods concerned.
   • 1624, John Smith, Generall Historie, in Kupperman 1988, page 114:

     Now we so quietly followed our businesse, that in three moneths wee made three or foure Last of Tarre, Pitch, and Sope ashes [...].

   • 1866, James Edwin Thorold Rogers, A History of Agriculture and Prices in England, Volume 1, page 169,

     The last of wool is twelve sacks.

3. (obsolete) An old English (and Dutch) measure of the carrying capacity of a ship, equal to two tons.
   • 1942 (1601), T D Mutch, The First Discovery of Australia, page 14,

     The tonnage of the Duyfken of Harmensz's fleet is given as 25 and 30 lasten.

4. A load of some commodity with reference to its weight and commercial value.

Derived terms

• belast
• ballast

Translations

Further reading

• last at OneLook Dictionary Search
• last (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• last on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• Alts, LTAs, SALT, Salt, TLAs, alts, lats, salt, slat

Danish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /last/, [lasd?]

Etymology 1

From Middle Low German last.

Noun

last c (singular definite lasten, plural indefinite laster)

1. cargo
2. cargo hold, hold (cargo area)
3. weight, burden

Inflection

Synonyms

• (cargo): ladning
• (hold): lastrum

Etymology 2

From Old Norse l?str

Noun

last c (singular definite lasten, plural indefinite laster)

1. vice

Inflection

Etymology 3

See laste (“to load, carry”) and laste (“to blame”).

Verb

last

1. imperative of laste

Further reading

• last on the Danish Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^da

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /l?st/
• Rhymes: -?st

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch last, from Old Dutch *last, from Proto-Germanic *hlastuz.

Noun

last m (plural lasten, diminutive lastje n)

1. load, weight
2. burden
3. hindrance, problem
4. expense
5. (law) requirement, duty
6. (dated) A measure of volume, 3 cubic meter

Derived terms

• belasten
• lastdrager
• last hebben van
• lastpost
• ten laste leggen
• vaste last

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Verb

last

1. second- and third-person singular present indicative of lassen
2. (archaic) plural imperative of lassen

Anagrams

• stal

Estonian

Noun

last (genitive lasti, partitive lasti)

1. cargo

Declension

Noun

last

1. partitive singular of laps

Faroese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /last/

Etymology 1

From Old Norse l?str

Noun

last f (genitive singular lastar, plural lastir)

1. vice

Inflection

Etymology 2

From Middle Low German last.

Noun

last f (genitive singular lastar, plural lastir)

1. cargo
2. cargo hold, hold (cargo area)

Inflection

German

Pronunciation

Verb

last

1. second-person singular/plural preterite of lesen

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /last/
• Rhymes: -ast

Noun

last n (genitive singular lasts, no plural)

1. blame

Declension

Synonyms

• (blame): baktal

Derived terms

• guðlast (“blasphemy”)

Related terms

• lasta (“to blame”)

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch *last, from Proto-Germanic *hlastuz.

Noun

last m or f or n

1. load, weight
2. task, duty, obligation
3. tax (money)
4. (emotional) difficulty, sorrow
5. a unit of volume

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

• Dutch: last
• Limburgish: las

Further reading

• “last”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929) , “last”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, ?ISBN

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

From Middle Low German last

Noun

last f or m (definite singular lasta or lasten, indefinite plural laster, definite plural lastene)

1. a load or cargo

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Verb

last

1. imperative of laste

References

• “last” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Middle Low German last

Noun

last f or m (definite singular lasta or lasten, indefinite plural laster or lastar, definite plural lastene or lastane)

1. a load or cargo

Derived terms

References

• “last” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *laistaz, along with the feminine variant l?st. Cognate with Middle Dutch leest (Dutch leest), Old High German leist (German Leist), Old Norse leistr (“foot, sock”) (Swedish läst, Danish læst).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /l??st/

Noun

l?st m (nominative plural l?stas)

1. footstep, track

Declension

Derived terms

• wræcl?st

Related terms

• l?stan

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *volst?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lá?st/

Noun

l?st f

1. property

Inflection

Swedish

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Noun

last c

1. cargo
2. load; a burden
3. load; a certain amount that can be processed at one time
4. (engineering) load; a force on a structure
5. (electrical engineering) load; any component that draws current or power
6. habit which is difficult to get rid of, vice

   Rökning var hans enda last

Declension

Derived terms

See also

• (cargo): lasta, lastbil
• (habit): vana, ovana

Descendants

• ? Finnish: lasti

Anagrams

• lats, salt, stal, tals