different between refer vs summon

English

Etymology

From Middle English referren, from Old French referer, from Latin referre.

Pronunciation

• (UK) enPR: r?-fû, IPA^(key): /???f??/
• (US) enPR: r?-fûr, IPA^(key): /???f?/
• Rhymes: -??(?)
• Hyphenation: re?fer

Verb

refer (third-person singular simple present refers, present participle referring, simple past and past participle referred)

1. (transitive) To direct the attention of.

2. (transitive) To submit to (another person or group) for consideration; to send or direct elsewhere.

3. (transitive) To place in or under by a mental or rational process; to assign to, as a class, a cause, source, a motive, reason, or ground of explanation.

4. (intransitive, construed with to) To allude to, make a reference or allusion to.

5. (Can we add an example for this sense?) (grammar) To be referential to another element in a sentence.
6. (Can we add an example for this sense?) (computing) To address a specific location in computer memory.
7. (education) Required to resit an examination.

Synonyms

• delegate
• direct

Derived terms

• refer to
• refer someone to

Related terms

• reference
• referral
• relate
• relative
• relation
• relationship

Translations

Further reading

• refer on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• Ferre, Freer, Frere, freer

Catalan

Etymology

re- +? fer (“to do”).

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /r??fe/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /re?fe?/

Verb

refer (first-person singular present refaig, past participle refet)

1. to redo

Conjugation

Further reading

• “refer” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “refer” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
• “refer” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “refer” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Latin

Verb

refer

1. second-person singular present active imperative of refer?

English

Etymology

From Anglo-Norman somoundre, from Old French sumundre, from Latin summon?re, itself from sub + mon?re.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?s?m?n/
• Rhymes: -?m?n

Verb

summon (third-person singular simple present summons, present participle summoning, simple past and past participle summoned)

1. (transitive) To call people together; to convene.
   • 2007. Zerzan, John. Silence.

     Silence is primary, summoning presence to itself; so it's a connection to the realm of origin.

2. (transitive) To ask someone to come; to send for.
3. To order (goods) and have delivered
4. (transitive) To rouse oneself to exert a skill.

   Synonyms: summon up, muster, muster up

   • 1866, Pierre Bigandet, The Life or Legend of Gaudama, the Buddha of the Burmese, with annotations and notice on the Phongyies or Burmese monks, page 396

     For securing the attainment of what he considered to be a most desirable end, he summoned all his abilities with a most praiseworthy energy and perseverance.

   • 2011, Sister Louise Sweigart, cgs, Joseph: A Guiding Light, Inspiring Voices ?ISBN, page 61

     Joseph needed to summon all his reserve to keep his self-control, for no sooner had Asa voiced his request than Joseph recalled his remark to Aaron about a child being given to this couple in lieu of their giving Mary to him.

   • November 2 2014, Daniel Taylor, "Sergio Agüero strike wins derby for Manchester City against 10-man United," guardian.co.uk

     City will feel nonplussed when they review the tape and Pellegrini had to summon all his restraint in the post-match interviews.

5. (fantasy, transitive) To call a resource by magic.
   • 2010, Kay Hooper, The Wizard of Seattle, Fanfare ?ISBN

     “Why won't you teach me to summon water? I can summon fire so easily, it's only logical that I should learn to put out my mistakes.”

6. (law, transitive) To summons; convene.

Derived terms

• summons
• summon up

Translations

Noun

summon (plural summons)

1. (video games) A creature magically summoned to do the summoner's bidding.
2. call, command, order (Can we add an example for this sense?)
   • quoted in 2013, Robin Sterling, People and Things from the Cullman, Alabama Tribune 1898-1913 (page 172)

     The deceased was 58 years of age, was the picture of health even five or six hours prior to his death, when suddenly the grim messenger came with a summon from a Higher Tribunal, calling him to duties above.

Anagrams

• musmon, nommus