different between ravine vs donga

English

Etymology 1

Borrowed from French ravin (“a gully”), from Old French raviner (“to pillage, sweep down, cascade”), from ravine (“robbery, rapine; violent rush of water, waterfall, avalanche; impetuosity, spirit”), from Latin rap?na (cf. rapine).

Pronunciation

• enPR: r?-v?n?, IPA^(key): /???vi?n/
• Rhymes: -i?n

Noun

ravine (plural ravines)

1. A deep narrow valley or gorge in the earth's surface worn by running water.

Derived terms

• ravine-buck
• ravined
• ravine-deer

Related terms

• ravinement

Translations

See also

• canyon
• gorge
• gulley, gully
• valley

Etymology 2

From Middle English ravene, ravine, from Old French raviner (“rush, seize by force”), itself from ravine (“rapine”), from Latin rap?na (“plundering, loot”), itself from rapere (“seize, plunder, abduct”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??æv?n/

Noun

ravine (plural ravines)

1. (archaic) Alternative form of raven (“rapine, rapacity; prey, plunder”)
   • 1849, Alfred, Lord Tennyson, In Memoriam A.H.H.:

     And he, shall he,
     Man, her last work, who seem’d so fair, […]
     Who trusted God was love indeed
     And love Creation’s final law—
     Tho’ Nature, red in tooth and claw
     With ravine, shriek’d against his creed—
     Who loved, who suffer’d countless ills,
     Who battled for the True, the Just,
     Be blown about the desert dust,
     Or seal’d within the iron hills?

Further reading

• ravine on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• ravines on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
• ravine at OneLook Dictionary Search

Anagrams

• Averni, Erivan, naiver, naïver, vainer

French

Etymology

From the Old French verb raviner (“flow with force; sweep down; pillage, cascade”), or from the noun ravine, raveine (“robbery, rapine; violent rush of water, waterfall, avalanche; impetuosity, spirit”), from Latin rap?na. Doublet of rapine, a borrowing from the same Latin term.

Pronunciation

• Homophones: ravinent, ravines

Noun

ravine f (plural ravines)

1. A small ravine or gully.
2. Beginning of a furrowing or formation of a ravine.

Related terms

• ravin
• raviner
• ravinement

Verb

ravine

1. first-person singular present indicative of raviner
2. third-person singular present indicative of raviner
3. first-person singular present subjunctive of raviner
4. third-person singular present subjunctive of raviner
5. second-person singular imperative of raviner

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From French ravine, from Latin rap?na.

Noun

ravine m (definite singular ravinen, indefinite plural raviner, definite plural ravinene)

1. gully (type of ravine)

References

• “ravine” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “ravine” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From French ravine, from Latin rap?na.

Noun

ravine m (definite singular ravinen, indefinite plural ravinar, definite plural ravinane)

1. gully (type of ravine)

References

• “ravine” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

English

Pronunciation

• (General Australian) IPA^(key): /d?????/, /d????/
• (UK) IPA^(key): /?d????/

Etymology 1

From Afrikaans donga, from Zulu udonga.

Noun

donga (plural dongas)

1. (South Africa) A usually dry, eroded watercourse running only in times of heavy rain.

   Synonyms: arroyo, wadi, wash

   • 1900, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Great Boer War, Volume 2, 2008 Easyread Large Bold Edition, page 14:

     Major Pack-Beresford and other officers were shot down, and every unhorsed man remained necessarily as a prisoner under the very muzzles of the riflemen in the donga.

   • 1901, Ernest William Hornung, “The Knees of the Gods”, in Raffles: Further Adventures of the Amateur Cracksman, Charles Scribner’s Sons, page 284:

     There were trenches for us men, but no place of safety for our horses nearer than this long and narrow donga which ran from within our lines towards those of the Boers.

   • 1948, Henry Vollam Morton, In Search of South Africa,^[1] Methuen, page 168:

     Thousands of miserable cattle and goats roamed everywhere making tracks that would someday form cracks which successive rains would open into gullies and dongas.

   • 1999, JM Coetzee, Disgrace, Vintage 2000, p. 98:

     Count yourself lucky not to be a prisoner in the car at this moment, speeding away, or at the bottom of a donga with a bullet in your head.

Translations

References

• Jean Bradford, A Dictionary of South African English, Oxford (1978).

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

donga (plural dongas)

1. (Australia) A transportable building with single rooms, often used on remote work sites or as tourist accommodation.
   • 2004, Susie Ashworth, Rebecca Turner, Simone Egger, Western Australia, Lonely Planet, page 152,

     Menzies Hotel ([Ph] 9024 2043; 22 Shenton St; s/d $48/65, donga $75) has old-style hotel rooms as well as - for that real goldfields experience - dongas (temporary miner?s abode, usually made from corrugated iron), and also serves all meals.

   • 2004, James Woodford, The Dog Fence, page 225,

     He not only expects his fence to be perfect, he also expects his dongas to be the best workman?s huts in Australia, and that is what they are.

   • 2009, David Marr, The Ibdian Ocean Solution, Robyn Davidson (editor), The Best Australian Essays 2009, page 118,

     Workers building roads in the bush sleep in dongas like these and are well paid for their discomfort.

Usage notes

• Usually used in outback Australia, especially the northwest.

Anagrams

• Dagon, Dogan, Gonda, dango, dogan, goand, gonad

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Zulu udonga.

Noun

donga (plural dongas)

1. donga

Descendants

• ? English: donga
• ? German: Donga

Garo

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

donga (intransitive)

1. there is, there are

2. to have, belong, be at, reside, dwell
3. be married to

Japanese

Romanization

donga

1. R?maji transcription of ???