different between rationalism vs transcendentalism

English

Etymology

rational +? -ism

Pronunciation

Noun

rationalism (countable and uncountable, plural rationalisms)

1. (philosophy) The theory that the reason is a source of knowledge independent of and superior to sense perception.
2. (philosophy) The theory that knowledge may be derived by deductions from a priori concepts (such as axioms, postulates or earlier deductions).
3. A view that the fundamental method for problem solving is through reason and experience rather than faith, inspiration, revelation, intuition or authority.
   • 1902, William James, The Varieties of Religious Experience, Lecture 3:

     The opinion opposed to mysticism in philosophy is sometimes spoken of as rationalism. Rationalism insists that all our beliefs ought ultimately to find for themselves articulate grounds. Such grounds, for rationalism, must consist of four things: (1) definitely statable abstract principles; (2) definite facts of sensation; (3) definite hypotheses based on such facts; and (4) definite inferences logically drawn.

4. Elaboration of theories by use of reason alone without appeal to experience, such as in mathematical systems.

Synonyms

• apriorism
• intellectualism

Antonyms

• sensationalism
• irrationalism
• traditionalism
• mysticism

Derived terms

• critical rationalism

Related terms

• rationalist
• rationality

Translations

See also

• empiricism

English

Etymology

transcendental +? -ism

Noun

transcendentalism (countable and uncountable, plural transcendentalisms)

1. The transcending, or going beyond, empiricism, and ascertaining a priori the fundamental principles of human knowledge.
2. Ambitious and imaginative vagueness in thought, imagery, or diction.
3. A philosophy which holds that reasoning is key to understanding reality (associated with Kant); philosophy which stresses intuition and spirituality (associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson); transcendental character or quality.
4. A movement of writers and philosophers in New England in the 19th century who were loosely bound together by adherence to an idealistic system of thought based on a belief in the essential supremacy of insight over logic and experience for the revelation of the deepest truths.

Related terms

• philosophy
• religion
• transcendental
• transcendentalist

Translations

See also

• transcendentalism on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Wikibooks: Transcendentalist Theology

Romanian

Etymology

From French transcendantalisme

Noun

transcendentalism n (uncountable)

1. transcendentalism

Declension