different between pawn vs pignus

English

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /p??n/
• Rhymes: -??n
• (US) IPA^(key): /p?n/
• (cot–caught merger) IPA^(key): /p?n/
• (Southern American English) IPA^(key): /p??n/
• Homophone: porn (non-rhotic accents)

Etymology 1

From Middle English pown, pawn, from Anglo-Norman paun, poun (“pawn, pedestrian”) ( = Old French poon, päon, pëon), from Late Latin ped?, ped?nis (“footsoldier”), from Latin p?s, ped- (“foot”). Doublet of peon.

Noun

pawn (plural pawns)

1. (chess) The most common chess piece, or a similar piece in a similar game. In chess each side has eight; moves are only forward, and attacks are only forward diagonally or en passant.
2. (figuratively) Someone who is being manipulated or used to some end.

Synonyms

• See also Thesaurus:pawn

Derived terms

• poisoned pawn
• tall pawn

Translations

See also

• Pawn (chess) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Appendix:Chess_pieces

Etymology 2

From Middle French pan (“pledge, security”), apparently from a Germanic language (compare Middle Dutch pant, Old High German pfant).

Noun

pawn (countable and uncountable, plural pawns)

1. (uncountable) The state of being held as security for a loan, or as a pledge.

2. An instance of pawning something.

   • As therefore the morning dew is a pawn of the evening fatness, so, O Lord, let this day's comfort be the earnest of to-morrow's.

3. (now rare) An item given as security on a loan, or as a pledge.

   • , New York, 2001, p.106:

     Brokers, takers of pawns, biting userers, I will not admit; yet […] I will tolerate some kind of usery.

   • a. 1626, Francis Bacon, Of Usury

     As for mortgaging or pawning, […] men will not take pawns without use [i.e. interest].

4. (rare) A pawnshop; pawnbroker.

Translations

Verb

pawn (third-person singular simple present pawns, present participle pawning, simple past and past participle pawned)

1. To pledge; to stake or wager.
2. To give as security on a loan of money; especially, to deposit (something) at a pawn shop.
   • 1904, Henry Warren, The Customer's Guide to Banking (page 7)

     A certain, and probably an appreciable, proportion of his so-called money at call and short notice would consist of fortnightly advances made to members of the Stock Exchange against pawned stocks and shares.

   • 1965, Bob Dylan, Like a Rolling Stone

     But you'd better take your diamond ring, you'd better pawn it, babe.

Synonyms

• (to deposit at a pawn shop): hock

Translations

See also

• pawn off

Etymology 3

Noun

pawn (countable and uncountable, plural pawns)

1. Alternative form of paan
   • 1892, Chambers's Journal (volume 69, page 320)

     To our English taste, pawn is very offensive; but the natives of India relish it, and regard it as a necessity. It is much eaten by Mohammedans of both sexes, and by the natives of Bengal.

Etymology 4

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

pawn (plural pawns)

1. A gallery.

Etymology 5

Verb

pawn (third-person singular simple present pawns, present participle pawning, simple past and past participle pawned)

1. (video games) Alternative form of pwn

Anagrams

• WPAN

Middle English

Noun

pawn

1. Alternative form of pown (“pawn”)

English

Etymology

From Latin pignus.

Noun

pignus (plural pignora)

1. (law, obsolete, Ancient Rome) A pledge or pawn.

Anagrams

• gins up, pungis, sign up, signup, sing up, spuing

Latin

Etymology

Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *pey?- or *pey?-.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?pi?.nus/, [?p??n?s?]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?pi?.?us/, [?pi??us]

Noun

pignus n (genitive pignoris); third declension

1. pledge, mortgage
2. hostage
3. wager, stake

Declension

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

Derived terms

• pigner?

Descendants

• Albanian: peng
• Italian: pegno
• Mozarabic:

  Arabic: ??????????? (pennori)

  Hebrew: ???????????? (pennori)

• Piedmontese: pegn
• Portuguese: penhor
• Sicilian: pignu
• Spanish: peño, prenda (< pignora)
  • Portuguese: prenda

References

• pignus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• pignus in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• pignus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• pignus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• pignus in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• pignus in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin